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Phytochemicals, antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected underutilized fruits of Sabah

Sabah tropical rainforest consist of a rich biodiversity of fruits and vegetables which still remain underutilized. Fruits which have antioxidant properties are frequently related to anti-Alzheimer’s potential. Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme known to break down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine...

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Main Author: Siti Hawa Ali Hassan
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
Published: 2014
Subjects:
QK710-899 Plant physiology
Online Access:https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42728/2/24%20PAGES.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42728/1/FULLTEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42728/
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spelling my.ums.eprints.427282025-02-07T03:32:30Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42728/ Phytochemicals, antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected underutilized fruits of Sabah Siti Hawa Ali Hassan QK710-899 Plant physiology Sabah tropical rainforest consist of a rich biodiversity of fruits and vegetables which still remain underutilized. Fruits which have antioxidant properties are frequently related to anti-Alzheimer’s potential. Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme known to break down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine which leads to Alzheimer’s disease. The aims of the present study was to determine the phytochemical content (total phenolic, total flavonoid, total anthocyanin and total carotenoid), antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition effect of five selected fruits of Sabah namely pengolaban (Litsea garciae), pidada (Sonneratia caseolaris), kembayau (Canarium odontophyllum), asam kandis (Garcinia parvifolia) and tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea). All samples were separated into different parts (i.e edible and non-edible part) and extracted by using 80% methanol and distilled water. First, determination of total phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin and carotenoid contents were done spectrophotometrically. The total phenolic and flavonoid content for 80% methanolic and aqueous extract were significantly highest in the flesh of unripe S. caseolaris with the values of 67.67 ± 0.10 mg GAE/g and 37.06 ± 0.30 mg RE/g, respectively while the lowest phenolic was observed in the flesh of C. betacea (80% methanol) and peel of G. parvifolia (aqueous) with the values of 2.61±0.12 and 1.78±0.15 mg/g, respectively. The lowest flavonoid content were observed in the flesh of L. garciae (80% methanol) and flesh of C. betacea (aqueous) with the values of 2.05±0.21 and 1.15±0.01 mg/g, respectively. The flesh of C. odontophyllum displayed highest anthocyanin content while there was no anthocyanin detected in all parts of S. caseolaris. The flesh of C. betacea showed highest carotenoid content while the seed of C. odontophyllum displayed lowest carotenoid content in both extract. Evaluation of antioxidant activity was conducted using DPPH free radical scavenging assay, radical scavenging ABTS and ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay. Highest scavenging activity was found in unripe flesh S. caseolaris with the values of 98.32 ± 0.28% for DPPH, 91.24 mg AA/g in terms of AEAC (ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity) and 67.72 ± 0.74 mmol/g for FRAP assay. For acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity, the enzyme inhibition method and galanthamine was used as positive control. All the samples demonstrate dose dependant inhibition activity. Unripe flesh of S. caseolaris displayed highest acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity (47.18 ± 0.68% and 7.80 ± 0.94%) when tested at 250 μg/mL for both 80% methanol and aqueous extracts. As a conclusion, it might provide protection against oxidative damage in body and having a potential as acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. 2014 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42728/2/24%20PAGES.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42728/1/FULLTEXT.pdf Siti Hawa Ali Hassan (2014) Phytochemicals, antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected underutilized fruits of Sabah. Masters thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sabah.
institution Universiti Malaysia Sabah
building UMS Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sabah
content_source UMS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.ums.edu.my/
language English
English
topic QK710-899 Plant physiology
spellingShingle QK710-899 Plant physiology
Siti Hawa Ali Hassan
Phytochemicals, antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected underutilized fruits of Sabah
description Sabah tropical rainforest consist of a rich biodiversity of fruits and vegetables which still remain underutilized. Fruits which have antioxidant properties are frequently related to anti-Alzheimer’s potential. Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme known to break down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine which leads to Alzheimer’s disease. The aims of the present study was to determine the phytochemical content (total phenolic, total flavonoid, total anthocyanin and total carotenoid), antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition effect of five selected fruits of Sabah namely pengolaban (Litsea garciae), pidada (Sonneratia caseolaris), kembayau (Canarium odontophyllum), asam kandis (Garcinia parvifolia) and tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea). All samples were separated into different parts (i.e edible and non-edible part) and extracted by using 80% methanol and distilled water. First, determination of total phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin and carotenoid contents were done spectrophotometrically. The total phenolic and flavonoid content for 80% methanolic and aqueous extract were significantly highest in the flesh of unripe S. caseolaris with the values of 67.67 ± 0.10 mg GAE/g and 37.06 ± 0.30 mg RE/g, respectively while the lowest phenolic was observed in the flesh of C. betacea (80% methanol) and peel of G. parvifolia (aqueous) with the values of 2.61±0.12 and 1.78±0.15 mg/g, respectively. The lowest flavonoid content were observed in the flesh of L. garciae (80% methanol) and flesh of C. betacea (aqueous) with the values of 2.05±0.21 and 1.15±0.01 mg/g, respectively. The flesh of C. odontophyllum displayed highest anthocyanin content while there was no anthocyanin detected in all parts of S. caseolaris. The flesh of C. betacea showed highest carotenoid content while the seed of C. odontophyllum displayed lowest carotenoid content in both extract. Evaluation of antioxidant activity was conducted using DPPH free radical scavenging assay, radical scavenging ABTS and ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay. Highest scavenging activity was found in unripe flesh S. caseolaris with the values of 98.32 ± 0.28% for DPPH, 91.24 mg AA/g in terms of AEAC (ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity) and 67.72 ± 0.74 mmol/g for FRAP assay. For acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity, the enzyme inhibition method and galanthamine was used as positive control. All the samples demonstrate dose dependant inhibition activity. Unripe flesh of S. caseolaris displayed highest acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity (47.18 ± 0.68% and 7.80 ± 0.94%) when tested at 250 μg/mL for both 80% methanol and aqueous extracts. As a conclusion, it might provide protection against oxidative damage in body and having a potential as acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
format Thesis
author Siti Hawa Ali Hassan
author_facet Siti Hawa Ali Hassan
author_sort Siti Hawa Ali Hassan
title Phytochemicals, antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected underutilized fruits of Sabah
title_short Phytochemicals, antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected underutilized fruits of Sabah
title_full Phytochemicals, antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected underutilized fruits of Sabah
title_fullStr Phytochemicals, antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected underutilized fruits of Sabah
title_full_unstemmed Phytochemicals, antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected underutilized fruits of Sabah
title_sort phytochemicals, antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected underutilized fruits of sabah
publishDate 2014
url https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42728/2/24%20PAGES.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42728/1/FULLTEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42728/
_version_ 1823533987964911616
score 13.239859

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