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Sports courage in Malaysian Silat athletes: confirmatory factor analysis of the Malay language version

Sports courage is one of the most important attributes to help competitive athletes overcome anxiety, nervousness, and other psychological obstacles, but this field of study is still being overlooked by most athletes and coaches. The purpose of this study is to validate the Malay language version of...

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Main Authors: Aizuddin Bin Hidrus, Yee Cheng Kueh, Wan Nor Arifin, Erkut Konter, Garry Kuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2020
Subjects:
GV1-1860 Recreation. Leisure
GV557-1198.995 Sports
Online Access:https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42551/1/FULL%20TEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42551/
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051736
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spelling my.ums.eprints.425512025-01-07T03:57:11Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42551/ Sports courage in Malaysian Silat athletes: confirmatory factor analysis of the Malay language version Aizuddin Bin Hidrus Yee Cheng Kueh Wan Nor Arifin Erkut Konter Garry Kuan GV1-1860 Recreation. Leisure GV557-1198.995 Sports Sports courage is one of the most important attributes to help competitive athletes overcome anxiety, nervousness, and other psychological obstacles, but this field of study is still being overlooked by most athletes and coaches. The purpose of this study is to validate the Malay language version of the Sports Courage Scale (SCS-M) for Silat athletes using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Data were collected during 9th UPSI International Pencak Silat Championship in Malaysia. A total of 258 competitors (male = 66.7%, female = 33.3%), with a mean age of 18 years (SD = 2.6), volunteered to participate in this study. The original SCS with 50 items underwent forward and backward translations into the Malay language and was pre-tested with ten martial arts athletes. Then, Silat athletes were asked to complete the translated SCS-M questionnaire. There were five factors in the SCS-M (i.e., mastery, determination, assertiveness, venturesome, and self-sacrificial behaviour). The first hypothesised model with 50 items did not result in a good fit to the data (RMSEA = 0.06, CFI = 0.93, NFI = 0.87, NNFI = 0.93, RMR = 0.14, SRMR = 0.09). A total of 17 problematic items were identified and were removed iteratively. The final measurement model with 33 items fit the data well (RMSEA = 0.06, CFI = 0.94, NFI = 0.89, NNFI = 0.94, RMR = 0.05, SRMR = 0.07). The reliability of each subscale based on Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.64 to 0.76. The convergent and discriminant validities were achieved for the final measurement model. The revised version of SCS-M with 33 items was considered valid and reliable for measuring the sports courage in Silat athletes in Malaysia. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2020 Article NonPeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42551/1/FULL%20TEXT.pdf Aizuddin Bin Hidrus and Yee Cheng Kueh and Wan Nor Arifin and Erkut Konter and Garry Kuan (2020) Sports courage in Malaysian Silat athletes: confirmatory factor analysis of the Malay language version. International. Journal. Environmental. Research. Public Health, 17. pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051736
institution Universiti Malaysia Sabah
building UMS Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sabah
content_source UMS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.ums.edu.my/
language English
topic GV1-1860 Recreation. Leisure
GV557-1198.995 Sports
spellingShingle GV1-1860 Recreation. Leisure
GV557-1198.995 Sports
Aizuddin Bin Hidrus
Yee Cheng Kueh
Wan Nor Arifin
Erkut Konter
Garry Kuan
Sports courage in Malaysian Silat athletes: confirmatory factor analysis of the Malay language version
description Sports courage is one of the most important attributes to help competitive athletes overcome anxiety, nervousness, and other psychological obstacles, but this field of study is still being overlooked by most athletes and coaches. The purpose of this study is to validate the Malay language version of the Sports Courage Scale (SCS-M) for Silat athletes using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Data were collected during 9th UPSI International Pencak Silat Championship in Malaysia. A total of 258 competitors (male = 66.7%, female = 33.3%), with a mean age of 18 years (SD = 2.6), volunteered to participate in this study. The original SCS with 50 items underwent forward and backward translations into the Malay language and was pre-tested with ten martial arts athletes. Then, Silat athletes were asked to complete the translated SCS-M questionnaire. There were five factors in the SCS-M (i.e., mastery, determination, assertiveness, venturesome, and self-sacrificial behaviour). The first hypothesised model with 50 items did not result in a good fit to the data (RMSEA = 0.06, CFI = 0.93, NFI = 0.87, NNFI = 0.93, RMR = 0.14, SRMR = 0.09). A total of 17 problematic items were identified and were removed iteratively. The final measurement model with 33 items fit the data well (RMSEA = 0.06, CFI = 0.94, NFI = 0.89, NNFI = 0.94, RMR = 0.05, SRMR = 0.07). The reliability of each subscale based on Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.64 to 0.76. The convergent and discriminant validities were achieved for the final measurement model. The revised version of SCS-M with 33 items was considered valid and reliable for measuring the sports courage in Silat athletes in Malaysia.
format Article
author Aizuddin Bin Hidrus
Yee Cheng Kueh
Wan Nor Arifin
Erkut Konter
Garry Kuan
author_facet Aizuddin Bin Hidrus
Yee Cheng Kueh
Wan Nor Arifin
Erkut Konter
Garry Kuan
author_sort Aizuddin Bin Hidrus
title Sports courage in Malaysian Silat athletes: confirmatory factor analysis of the Malay language version
title_short Sports courage in Malaysian Silat athletes: confirmatory factor analysis of the Malay language version
title_full Sports courage in Malaysian Silat athletes: confirmatory factor analysis of the Malay language version
title_fullStr Sports courage in Malaysian Silat athletes: confirmatory factor analysis of the Malay language version
title_full_unstemmed Sports courage in Malaysian Silat athletes: confirmatory factor analysis of the Malay language version
title_sort sports courage in malaysian silat athletes: confirmatory factor analysis of the malay language version
publisher Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
publishDate 2020
url https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42551/1/FULL%20TEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42551/
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051736
_version_ 1821003230534959104
score 13.226497

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