Hierarchical HZSM-5 for catalytic cracking of oleic acid to biofuels
Solid acid catalyzed cracking of waste oil-derived fatty acids is an attractive route to hydrocarbon fuels. HZSM-5 is an effective acid catalyst for fatty acid cracking; however, its microporous nature is susceptible to rapid deactivation by coking. We report the synthesis and application of hierarc...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42447/1/FULL%20TEXT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42447/ https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030747 |
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| Summary: | Solid acid catalyzed cracking of waste oil-derived fatty acids is an attractive route to hydrocarbon fuels. HZSM-5 is an effective acid catalyst for fatty acid cracking; however, its microporous nature is susceptible to rapid deactivation by coking. We report the synthesis and application of hierarchical HZSM-5 (h-HZSM-5) in which silanization of pre-crystallized zeolite seeds is employed to introduce mesoporosity during the aggregation of growing crystallites. The resulting h-HZSM-5 comprises a disordered array of fused 10–20 nm crystallites and mesopores with a mean diameter of 13 nm, which maintain the high surface area and acidity of a conventional HZSM-5. Mesopores increase the yield of diesel range hydrocarbons obtained from oleic acid deoxygenation from ~20% to 65%, attributed to improved acid site accessibility within the hierarchical network. |
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