Staff View: An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation

An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation

Plastic or microplastic pollution is a global threat affecting ecosystems, with the current generation reaching as much as 400 metric tons per/year. Soil ecosystems comprising agricultural lands act as microplastics sinks, though the impact could be unexpectedly more far-reaching. This is troubling...

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Main Authors:	Nurul Fatin Syamimi Khairul Anuar, Fahrul Huyop, Ghani Ur-Rehman, Faizuan Abdullah, Yahaya M. Normi, Mohd Khalizan Sabullah, Roswanira Abdul Wahab
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland 2022
Subjects:	S1-(972) Agriculture (General) TP1-1185 Chemical technology
Online Access:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42292/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42292/ https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012644
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id	my.ums.eprints.42292
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spelling	my.ums.eprints.422922024-12-16T03:46:43Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42292/ An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation Nurul Fatin Syamimi Khairul Anuar Fahrul Huyop Ghani Ur-Rehman Faizuan Abdullah Yahaya M. Normi Mohd Khalizan Sabullah Roswanira Abdul Wahab S1-(972) Agriculture (General) TP1-1185 Chemical technology Plastic or microplastic pollution is a global threat affecting ecosystems, with the current generation reaching as much as 400 metric tons per/year. Soil ecosystems comprising agricultural lands act as microplastics sinks, though the impact could be unexpectedly more far-reaching. This is troubling as most plastic forms, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), formed from polymerized terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG) monomers, are non-biodegradable environmental pollutants. The current approach to use mechanical, thermal, and chemical-based treatments to reduce PET waste remains cost-prohibitive and could potentially produce toxic secondary pollutants. Thus, better remediation methods must be developed to deal with plastic pollutants in marine and terrestrial environments. Enzymatic treatments could be a plausible avenue to overcome plastic pollutants, given the near-ambient conditions under which enzymes function without the need for chemicals. The discovery of several PET hydrolases, along with further modification of the enzymes, has considerably aided efforts to improve their ability to degrade the ester bond of PET. Hence, this review emphasizes PET-degrading microbial hydrolases and their contribution to alleviating environmental microplastics. Information on the molecular and degradation mechanisms of PET is also highlighted in this review, which might be useful in the future rational engineering of PEThydrolyzing enzymes. MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland 2022 Article NonPeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42292/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf Nurul Fatin Syamimi Khairul Anuar and Fahrul Huyop and Ghani Ur-Rehman and Faizuan Abdullah and Yahaya M. Normi and Mohd Khalizan Sabullah and Roswanira Abdul Wahab (2022) An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23. pp. 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012644
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sabah
building	UMS Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaysia Sabah
content_source	UMS Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.ums.edu.my/
language	English
topic	S1-(972) Agriculture (General) TP1-1185 Chemical technology
spellingShingle	S1-(972) Agriculture (General) TP1-1185 Chemical technology Nurul Fatin Syamimi Khairul Anuar Fahrul Huyop Ghani Ur-Rehman Faizuan Abdullah Yahaya M. Normi Mohd Khalizan Sabullah Roswanira Abdul Wahab An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation
description	Plastic or microplastic pollution is a global threat affecting ecosystems, with the current generation reaching as much as 400 metric tons per/year. Soil ecosystems comprising agricultural lands act as microplastics sinks, though the impact could be unexpectedly more far-reaching. This is troubling as most plastic forms, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), formed from polymerized terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG) monomers, are non-biodegradable environmental pollutants. The current approach to use mechanical, thermal, and chemical-based treatments to reduce PET waste remains cost-prohibitive and could potentially produce toxic secondary pollutants. Thus, better remediation methods must be developed to deal with plastic pollutants in marine and terrestrial environments. Enzymatic treatments could be a plausible avenue to overcome plastic pollutants, given the near-ambient conditions under which enzymes function without the need for chemicals. The discovery of several PET hydrolases, along with further modification of the enzymes, has considerably aided efforts to improve their ability to degrade the ester bond of PET. Hence, this review emphasizes PET-degrading microbial hydrolases and their contribution to alleviating environmental microplastics. Information on the molecular and degradation mechanisms of PET is also highlighted in this review, which might be useful in the future rational engineering of PEThydrolyzing enzymes.
format	Article
author	Nurul Fatin Syamimi Khairul Anuar Fahrul Huyop Ghani Ur-Rehman Faizuan Abdullah Yahaya M. Normi Mohd Khalizan Sabullah Roswanira Abdul Wahab
author_facet	Nurul Fatin Syamimi Khairul Anuar Fahrul Huyop Ghani Ur-Rehman Faizuan Abdullah Yahaya M. Normi Mohd Khalizan Sabullah Roswanira Abdul Wahab
author_sort	Nurul Fatin Syamimi Khairul Anuar
title	An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation
title_short	An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation
title_full	An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation
title_fullStr	An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation
title_full_unstemmed	An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation
title_sort	overview into polyethylene terephthalate (pet) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation
publisher	MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland
publishDate	2022
url	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42292/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42292/ https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012644
_version_	1818835202306211840
score	13.223943

An overview into Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) hydrolases and efforts in tailoring enzymes for improved plastic degradation

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