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Baseflow persistence and magnitude in oil palm, logged and primary tropical rainforest catchments in Malaysian Borneo: implications for water management under climate change

While timber harvesting has plateaued, repeat-logging and conversion into plantations (especially oil palm) are still active in the tropics. The associated hydrological impacts especially pertaining to enhanced runoff, flood, and erosion have been well-studied, but little attention has been given to...

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Main Authors: Anand Nainar, Rory P. D. Walsh, Kawi Bidin, Nobuaki Tanaka, Kogila Vani Annammala, Umeswaran Letchumanan, Robert M. Ewers, Glen Reynolds
Format: Article
Language:English
English
Published: MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2022
Subjects:
S1-(972) Agriculture (General)
SD1-669.5 Forestry
Online Access:https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42276/1/ABSTRACT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42276/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42276/
https://doi.org/10.3390/w14223791
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spelling my.ums.eprints.422762024-12-16T03:27:45Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42276/ Baseflow persistence and magnitude in oil palm, logged and primary tropical rainforest catchments in Malaysian Borneo: implications for water management under climate change Anand Nainar Rory P. D. Walsh Kawi Bidin Nobuaki Tanaka Kogila Vani Annammala Umeswaran Letchumanan Robert M. Ewers Glen Reynolds S1-(972) Agriculture (General) SD1-669.5 Forestry While timber harvesting has plateaued, repeat-logging and conversion into plantations (especially oil palm) are still active in the tropics. The associated hydrological impacts especially pertaining to enhanced runoff, flood, and erosion have been well-studied, but little attention has been given to water resource availability in the humid tropics. In the light of the increasing climate extremes, this paper compared baseflow values and baseflow recession constants (K) between headwater catchments of five differing land-uses in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, namely primary forest (PF), old growth/virgin jungle reserve (VJR), twice-logged forest with 22 years regeneration (LF2), multiplelogged forest with 8 years regeneration (LF3), and oil palm plantation (OP). Hydrological and meteorological sensors and dataloggers were established in each catchment. Daily discharge was used for computing K via four estimation methods. Catchment ranks in terms of decreasing K were VJR (0.97841), LF3 (0.96692), LF2 (0.90347), PF (0.83886), and OP (0.86756). Catchment ranks in terms of decreasing annual baseflow were PF (1877 mm), LF3 (1265 mm), LF2 (812 mm), VJR (753 mm), and OP (367 mm), corresponding to 68%, 55%, 51%, 42%, and 38% of annual streamflow, respectively. Despite the low K, PF had the highest baseflow magnitude. OP had the fastest baseflow recession and lowest baseflow magnitude. Baseflow persistence decreased with increasing degree of disturbance. K showed strong association to catchment stem density instead of basal area. For dynamic catchments in this study, the Kb3 estimator is recommended based on its lowest combination of coefficient of variation (CoV) and root mean squared error (RMSE) of prediction. For wetter catchments with even shorter recession events, the Kb4 estimator may be considered. Regarding climate change, logging and oil palm agriculture should only be conducted after considering water resource availability. Forests (even degraded ones) should be conserved as much as possible in the headwaters for sustainable water resource. MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2022 Article NonPeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42276/1/ABSTRACT.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42276/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf Anand Nainar and Rory P. D. Walsh and Kawi Bidin and Nobuaki Tanaka and Kogila Vani Annammala and Umeswaran Letchumanan and Robert M. Ewers and Glen Reynolds (2022) Baseflow persistence and magnitude in oil palm, logged and primary tropical rainforest catchments in Malaysian Borneo: implications for water management under climate change. Water, 14. pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14223791
institution Universiti Malaysia Sabah
building UMS Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sabah
content_source UMS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.ums.edu.my/
language English
English
topic S1-(972) Agriculture (General)
SD1-669.5 Forestry
spellingShingle S1-(972) Agriculture (General)
SD1-669.5 Forestry
Anand Nainar
Rory P. D. Walsh
Kawi Bidin
Nobuaki Tanaka
Kogila Vani Annammala
Umeswaran Letchumanan
Robert M. Ewers
Glen Reynolds
Baseflow persistence and magnitude in oil palm, logged and primary tropical rainforest catchments in Malaysian Borneo: implications for water management under climate change
description While timber harvesting has plateaued, repeat-logging and conversion into plantations (especially oil palm) are still active in the tropics. The associated hydrological impacts especially pertaining to enhanced runoff, flood, and erosion have been well-studied, but little attention has been given to water resource availability in the humid tropics. In the light of the increasing climate extremes, this paper compared baseflow values and baseflow recession constants (K) between headwater catchments of five differing land-uses in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, namely primary forest (PF), old growth/virgin jungle reserve (VJR), twice-logged forest with 22 years regeneration (LF2), multiplelogged forest with 8 years regeneration (LF3), and oil palm plantation (OP). Hydrological and meteorological sensors and dataloggers were established in each catchment. Daily discharge was used for computing K via four estimation methods. Catchment ranks in terms of decreasing K were VJR (0.97841), LF3 (0.96692), LF2 (0.90347), PF (0.83886), and OP (0.86756). Catchment ranks in terms of decreasing annual baseflow were PF (1877 mm), LF3 (1265 mm), LF2 (812 mm), VJR (753 mm), and OP (367 mm), corresponding to 68%, 55%, 51%, 42%, and 38% of annual streamflow, respectively. Despite the low K, PF had the highest baseflow magnitude. OP had the fastest baseflow recession and lowest baseflow magnitude. Baseflow persistence decreased with increasing degree of disturbance. K showed strong association to catchment stem density instead of basal area. For dynamic catchments in this study, the Kb3 estimator is recommended based on its lowest combination of coefficient of variation (CoV) and root mean squared error (RMSE) of prediction. For wetter catchments with even shorter recession events, the Kb4 estimator may be considered. Regarding climate change, logging and oil palm agriculture should only be conducted after considering water resource availability. Forests (even degraded ones) should be conserved as much as possible in the headwaters for sustainable water resource.
format Article
author Anand Nainar
Rory P. D. Walsh
Kawi Bidin
Nobuaki Tanaka
Kogila Vani Annammala
Umeswaran Letchumanan
Robert M. Ewers
Glen Reynolds
author_facet Anand Nainar
Rory P. D. Walsh
Kawi Bidin
Nobuaki Tanaka
Kogila Vani Annammala
Umeswaran Letchumanan
Robert M. Ewers
Glen Reynolds
author_sort Anand Nainar
title Baseflow persistence and magnitude in oil palm, logged and primary tropical rainforest catchments in Malaysian Borneo: implications for water management under climate change
title_short Baseflow persistence and magnitude in oil palm, logged and primary tropical rainforest catchments in Malaysian Borneo: implications for water management under climate change
title_full Baseflow persistence and magnitude in oil palm, logged and primary tropical rainforest catchments in Malaysian Borneo: implications for water management under climate change
title_fullStr Baseflow persistence and magnitude in oil palm, logged and primary tropical rainforest catchments in Malaysian Borneo: implications for water management under climate change
title_full_unstemmed Baseflow persistence and magnitude in oil palm, logged and primary tropical rainforest catchments in Malaysian Borneo: implications for water management under climate change
title_sort baseflow persistence and magnitude in oil palm, logged and primary tropical rainforest catchments in malaysian borneo: implications for water management under climate change
publisher MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publishDate 2022
url https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42276/1/ABSTRACT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42276/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42276/
https://doi.org/10.3390/w14223791
_version_ 1818835200170262528
score 13.223943

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