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Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater

Improper management of organic industrial wastes, such as empty fruit bunch (EFB) from the palm oil industry and pressmud, i.e., a by-product of the sugar refinery industry can lead to environmental problems. This study aims to investigate the potential of pressmud and EFB as adsorbent materials in...

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Main Authors:	Maheera Mohamad, Nurul Azita Salleh, Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi, Md Abdul Kafi, Mohd Azmier Ahmad, Siti Nor Farhana Zakaria, Vignes Chellamuthu
Format:	Article
Language:	English English
Published:	PaperASIA 2023
Subjects:	T1-995 Technology (General) TD159-168 Municipal engineering
Online Access:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41989/1/ABSTRACT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41989/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41989/ https://doi.org/10.59953/paperasia.v39i6(b).49
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spelling	my.ums.eprints.419892024-11-26T05:33:44Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41989/ Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater Maheera Mohamad Nurul Azita Salleh Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi Md Abdul Kafi Mohd Azmier Ahmad Siti Nor Farhana Zakaria Vignes Chellamuthu T1-995 Technology (General) TD159-168 Municipal engineering Improper management of organic industrial wastes, such as empty fruit bunch (EFB) from the palm oil industry and pressmud, i.e., a by-product of the sugar refinery industry can lead to environmental problems. This study aims to investigate the potential of pressmud and EFB as adsorbent materials in wastewater pollution removal. The chemical analysis in this study revealed that the EFB sample contained 7.30% of SiO2, 2.11% of Fe₂O₃, 1.91% of MgO, 28.02% of CaO, 37.59% of K₂O, 1.45% of P₂O₅, 14.51% of Cl, 4.39% of SO₃, and 2.38% of other elements. Meanwhile, the pressmud sample contained 14.32% of SiO₂, 1.39% of SO₃, 81.71% of CaO, 1.03% of Fe₂O₃, and the remaining 1.56% of other compounds. The possible adsorption capacities of pressmud and EFB were determined using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The absorption of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn in these samples was analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. By comparing both models, the research revealed that the Langmuir model provided a more precise description of the adsorption process for the EFB and pressmud samples and was competently compared to the Freundlich model, as indicated by the highest R2 values. The results indicate the potential of EFB and pressmud as promising reactive materials for heavy metal adsorption, and this involves recognizing possibilities for repurposing these economical and sustainable waste materials. PaperASIA 2023 Article NonPeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41989/1/ABSTRACT.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41989/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf Maheera Mohamad and Nurul Azita Salleh and Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi and Md Abdul Kafi and Mohd Azmier Ahmad and Siti Nor Farhana Zakaria and Vignes Chellamuthu (2023) Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. PaperASIA, 39 (6b). pp. 96-105. ISSN 0218-4540 https://doi.org/10.59953/paperasia.v39i6(b).49
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sabah
building	UMS Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaysia Sabah
content_source	UMS Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.ums.edu.my/
language	English English
topic	T1-995 Technology (General) TD159-168 Municipal engineering
spellingShingle	T1-995 Technology (General) TD159-168 Municipal engineering Maheera Mohamad Nurul Azita Salleh Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi Md Abdul Kafi Mohd Azmier Ahmad Siti Nor Farhana Zakaria Vignes Chellamuthu Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater
description	Improper management of organic industrial wastes, such as empty fruit bunch (EFB) from the palm oil industry and pressmud, i.e., a by-product of the sugar refinery industry can lead to environmental problems. This study aims to investigate the potential of pressmud and EFB as adsorbent materials in wastewater pollution removal. The chemical analysis in this study revealed that the EFB sample contained 7.30% of SiO2, 2.11% of Fe₂O₃, 1.91% of MgO, 28.02% of CaO, 37.59% of K₂O, 1.45% of P₂O₅, 14.51% of Cl, 4.39% of SO₃, and 2.38% of other elements. Meanwhile, the pressmud sample contained 14.32% of SiO₂, 1.39% of SO₃, 81.71% of CaO, 1.03% of Fe₂O₃, and the remaining 1.56% of other compounds. The possible adsorption capacities of pressmud and EFB were determined using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The absorption of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn in these samples was analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. By comparing both models, the research revealed that the Langmuir model provided a more precise description of the adsorption process for the EFB and pressmud samples and was competently compared to the Freundlich model, as indicated by the highest R2 values. The results indicate the potential of EFB and pressmud as promising reactive materials for heavy metal adsorption, and this involves recognizing possibilities for repurposing these economical and sustainable waste materials.
format	Article
author	Maheera Mohamad Nurul Azita Salleh Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi Md Abdul Kafi Mohd Azmier Ahmad Siti Nor Farhana Zakaria Vignes Chellamuthu
author_facet	Maheera Mohamad Nurul Azita Salleh Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi Md Abdul Kafi Mohd Azmier Ahmad Siti Nor Farhana Zakaria Vignes Chellamuthu
author_sort	Maheera Mohamad
title	Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater
title_short	Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater
title_full	Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater
title_fullStr	Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater
title_full_unstemmed	Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater
title_sort	investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (efb) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater
publisher	PaperASIA
publishDate	2023
url	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41989/1/ABSTRACT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41989/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41989/ https://doi.org/10.59953/paperasia.v39i6(b).49
_version_	1817843835528544256
score	13.223943

Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater

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