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Production of biodiesel from palm oil using encapsulated lipase derived from k-carrageenan

The objective of this research was to produce biodiesel using encapsulated lipase in an immobilized bioreactor. ĸ-carrageenan was used as a matrix for encapsulating lipase PS from Burkholderia cepacia and the coextrusion technique was adopted to immobilize lipase. This study has been undertaken due...

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Main Author: Jegannathan Kenthorai Raman
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
Published: 2010
Subjects:
TP315-360 Fuel
Online Access:https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41569/1/24%20PAGES.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41569/2/FULLTEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41569/
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spelling my.ums.eprints.415692024-11-20T02:33:05Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41569/ Production of biodiesel from palm oil using encapsulated lipase derived from k-carrageenan Jegannathan Kenthorai Raman TP315-360 Fuel The objective of this research was to produce biodiesel using encapsulated lipase in an immobilized bioreactor. ĸ-carrageenan was used as a matrix for encapsulating lipase PS from Burkholderia cepacia and the coextrusion technique was adopted to immobilize lipase. This study has been undertaken due to the low cost, non toxic, environmentally benign characteristics of κ-carrageenan and the novelty of coextrusion technique. The physicochemical studies were conducted by using Microscope, Spectrophotometer SEM, FTIR etc. The results showed the diameter of the encapsulated lipase was in the range of 1.3-1.8 mm with an average membrane thickness of 200 μm. The encapsulation efficiency was found to be 42.6 percent. The optimum stability was observed at pH 7 and at temperature 40oC. The Immobilized lipase retained 72.3 percent of its original activity after using it for 5 cycles of reuse in hydrolysis of ρ-NPP. Immobilized encapsulated lipase was taken in stirred tank batch immobilized bioreactor (STIBR) and packed bed bioreactor (PBBR). The studies were carried out in a batch mode of operation and various process parameters were optimized for biodiesel production. HPLC was used for analyzing the biodiesel. The optimum conditions for processing palm oil in a stirred tank immobilized bioreactor (STIBR) were 30oC, 72 h reaction time and 23.7 x g relative centrifugal force. Similarly, the optimal conditions for processing palm oil in a PBBR were 1.5 ml/min and 264 h reaction time. STIBR showed conversion of up to 100 percent and the PBR has shown conversion up to 82 percent. Since the STIBR has higher conversion rate, the kinetic parameters Km and Vmax were evaluated and found to be 600 mol.m-3 and 0.84 mol.m-3min-1 respectively. The kinetic parameter values were substituted into Michaelis–Menten empirical equation and the batch time was found to be the same as experimental value of 72 h. The encapsulated lipase retained 82 percent relative conversion after 5 cycles of reuse. The economic assessment of biodiesel production using immobilized enzyme catalyst process was challenging compared to the current alkali process. The Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) studies showed that biodiesel production using immobilized enzyme catalyst has lesser impact on the environment compared to the alkali catalyst and soluble enzyme catalyst. Based on the experimentation and the results, it is concluded that biodiesel production using encapsulated lipase in an immobilized bioreactor open new vistas for the scale up studies of this technology in near future. 2010 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41569/1/24%20PAGES.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41569/2/FULLTEXT.pdf Jegannathan Kenthorai Raman (2010) Production of biodiesel from palm oil using encapsulated lipase derived from k-carrageenan. Doctoral thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sabah.
institution Universiti Malaysia Sabah
building UMS Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sabah
content_source UMS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.ums.edu.my/
language English
English
topic TP315-360 Fuel
spellingShingle TP315-360 Fuel
Jegannathan Kenthorai Raman
Production of biodiesel from palm oil using encapsulated lipase derived from k-carrageenan
description The objective of this research was to produce biodiesel using encapsulated lipase in an immobilized bioreactor. ĸ-carrageenan was used as a matrix for encapsulating lipase PS from Burkholderia cepacia and the coextrusion technique was adopted to immobilize lipase. This study has been undertaken due to the low cost, non toxic, environmentally benign characteristics of κ-carrageenan and the novelty of coextrusion technique. The physicochemical studies were conducted by using Microscope, Spectrophotometer SEM, FTIR etc. The results showed the diameter of the encapsulated lipase was in the range of 1.3-1.8 mm with an average membrane thickness of 200 μm. The encapsulation efficiency was found to be 42.6 percent. The optimum stability was observed at pH 7 and at temperature 40oC. The Immobilized lipase retained 72.3 percent of its original activity after using it for 5 cycles of reuse in hydrolysis of ρ-NPP. Immobilized encapsulated lipase was taken in stirred tank batch immobilized bioreactor (STIBR) and packed bed bioreactor (PBBR). The studies were carried out in a batch mode of operation and various process parameters were optimized for biodiesel production. HPLC was used for analyzing the biodiesel. The optimum conditions for processing palm oil in a stirred tank immobilized bioreactor (STIBR) were 30oC, 72 h reaction time and 23.7 x g relative centrifugal force. Similarly, the optimal conditions for processing palm oil in a PBBR were 1.5 ml/min and 264 h reaction time. STIBR showed conversion of up to 100 percent and the PBR has shown conversion up to 82 percent. Since the STIBR has higher conversion rate, the kinetic parameters Km and Vmax were evaluated and found to be 600 mol.m-3 and 0.84 mol.m-3min-1 respectively. The kinetic parameter values were substituted into Michaelis–Menten empirical equation and the batch time was found to be the same as experimental value of 72 h. The encapsulated lipase retained 82 percent relative conversion after 5 cycles of reuse. The economic assessment of biodiesel production using immobilized enzyme catalyst process was challenging compared to the current alkali process. The Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) studies showed that biodiesel production using immobilized enzyme catalyst has lesser impact on the environment compared to the alkali catalyst and soluble enzyme catalyst. Based on the experimentation and the results, it is concluded that biodiesel production using encapsulated lipase in an immobilized bioreactor open new vistas for the scale up studies of this technology in near future.
format Thesis
author Jegannathan Kenthorai Raman
author_facet Jegannathan Kenthorai Raman
author_sort Jegannathan Kenthorai Raman
title Production of biodiesel from palm oil using encapsulated lipase derived from k-carrageenan
title_short Production of biodiesel from palm oil using encapsulated lipase derived from k-carrageenan
title_full Production of biodiesel from palm oil using encapsulated lipase derived from k-carrageenan
title_fullStr Production of biodiesel from palm oil using encapsulated lipase derived from k-carrageenan
title_full_unstemmed Production of biodiesel from palm oil using encapsulated lipase derived from k-carrageenan
title_sort production of biodiesel from palm oil using encapsulated lipase derived from k-carrageenan
publishDate 2010
url https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41569/1/24%20PAGES.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41569/2/FULLTEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41569/
_version_ 1817843824138911744
score 13.223943

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