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Diversity of foliicolous lichens and herbivory on five species of commonly planted dipterocarps in inikea rehabilitation forest project area

Growth and survival of Dipterocarps are often known to be dependent on sunlight intensity, nutrients, biofoulers, and herbivory. Investigation was carried out in INIKEA “Species Plot”, Luasong on five species of Dipterocarps; Dipterocarpus conformis (KBK), Dryobalanops keithii (KPG), Dryobalanops la...

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Main Author: Mohammad Shahrul Shahpuan
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
Published: 2020
Subjects:
QK474.8-495 Spermatophyta. Phanerogams
Online Access:https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41274/1/24%20PAGES.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41274/2/FULLTEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41274/
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spelling my.ums.eprints.412742024-10-22T06:21:17Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41274/ Diversity of foliicolous lichens and herbivory on five species of commonly planted dipterocarps in inikea rehabilitation forest project area Mohammad Shahrul Shahpuan QK474.8-495 Spermatophyta. Phanerogams Growth and survival of Dipterocarps are often known to be dependent on sunlight intensity, nutrients, biofoulers, and herbivory. Investigation was carried out in INIKEA “Species Plot”, Luasong on five species of Dipterocarps; Dipterocarpus conformis (KBK), Dryobalanops keithii (KPG), Dryobalanops lanceolata (KPJ), Shorea fallax (SDK) and Shorea ovalis (SKE) to better understand presence biofoulers and extent of herbivory on their leaves. Main objective of this investigation was to obtain information on the diversity of foliicolous lichen on Dipterocarp leaves.. In addition, leaf-loss due to herbivory was also investigated and correlated with leaf age and chemistry From 185 specimens, a total of 32 species of foliicolous lichens were identified from 9 families and 19 genera with 9 new records to Sabah, Badimia polillensis, Chroodiscus verrucosus, Calenia pseudographidea, Loflammia gabrielis, Phyllocratera papuana, Sporopodium leprieurii, Sporopodium antonianum, Trichothelium brasiliense and Tricharia santessonii. Species richness between all dipterocarps was higher in KBK with 18, while KPG recorded as the lowest with only 7 species. The PCoA shows that KBK and SKE have a more similar diversity as compared to the other 3 species. Total area loss due to herbivory was evaluated and quantified. Highest percentage of leaf loss can be seen on the young leaf and gradually decreased over the age of the leaf. In an effort to establish correlation between the inherently available chemicals and herbivory, total phenolic/total tannin contents was analysed to establish its pattern between the leaves studied. Data showed that the value of the tannins and phenolics were much higher in young leaves and lower in mature leaves. However, some insects were still able to graze on leaves with high phenolics/tannin content. Tannins can be the stimulants for feeding while the role of phenolics as defence mechanisms could have been over emphasized. The Volatile Organic Compounds in lichenized sample shows more detected chemical than in unlichenized sample. Most of the changes can be detected at the “fingerprint” region of the spectra implying the differences in the presence of minor compounds. Foliicolous lichen that lichenized the leaves can indirectly change the chemical fingerprint of the leaves by adding more functional groups due to the compounds produced by the lichens. 2020 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41274/1/24%20PAGES.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41274/2/FULLTEXT.pdf Mohammad Shahrul Shahpuan (2020) Diversity of foliicolous lichens and herbivory on five species of commonly planted dipterocarps in inikea rehabilitation forest project area. Masters thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sabah.
institution Universiti Malaysia Sabah
building UMS Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sabah
content_source UMS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.ums.edu.my/
language English
English
topic QK474.8-495 Spermatophyta. Phanerogams
spellingShingle QK474.8-495 Spermatophyta. Phanerogams
Mohammad Shahrul Shahpuan
Diversity of foliicolous lichens and herbivory on five species of commonly planted dipterocarps in inikea rehabilitation forest project area
description Growth and survival of Dipterocarps are often known to be dependent on sunlight intensity, nutrients, biofoulers, and herbivory. Investigation was carried out in INIKEA “Species Plot”, Luasong on five species of Dipterocarps; Dipterocarpus conformis (KBK), Dryobalanops keithii (KPG), Dryobalanops lanceolata (KPJ), Shorea fallax (SDK) and Shorea ovalis (SKE) to better understand presence biofoulers and extent of herbivory on their leaves. Main objective of this investigation was to obtain information on the diversity of foliicolous lichen on Dipterocarp leaves.. In addition, leaf-loss due to herbivory was also investigated and correlated with leaf age and chemistry From 185 specimens, a total of 32 species of foliicolous lichens were identified from 9 families and 19 genera with 9 new records to Sabah, Badimia polillensis, Chroodiscus verrucosus, Calenia pseudographidea, Loflammia gabrielis, Phyllocratera papuana, Sporopodium leprieurii, Sporopodium antonianum, Trichothelium brasiliense and Tricharia santessonii. Species richness between all dipterocarps was higher in KBK with 18, while KPG recorded as the lowest with only 7 species. The PCoA shows that KBK and SKE have a more similar diversity as compared to the other 3 species. Total area loss due to herbivory was evaluated and quantified. Highest percentage of leaf loss can be seen on the young leaf and gradually decreased over the age of the leaf. In an effort to establish correlation between the inherently available chemicals and herbivory, total phenolic/total tannin contents was analysed to establish its pattern between the leaves studied. Data showed that the value of the tannins and phenolics were much higher in young leaves and lower in mature leaves. However, some insects were still able to graze on leaves with high phenolics/tannin content. Tannins can be the stimulants for feeding while the role of phenolics as defence mechanisms could have been over emphasized. The Volatile Organic Compounds in lichenized sample shows more detected chemical than in unlichenized sample. Most of the changes can be detected at the “fingerprint” region of the spectra implying the differences in the presence of minor compounds. Foliicolous lichen that lichenized the leaves can indirectly change the chemical fingerprint of the leaves by adding more functional groups due to the compounds produced by the lichens.
format Thesis
author Mohammad Shahrul Shahpuan
author_facet Mohammad Shahrul Shahpuan
author_sort Mohammad Shahrul Shahpuan
title Diversity of foliicolous lichens and herbivory on five species of commonly planted dipterocarps in inikea rehabilitation forest project area
title_short Diversity of foliicolous lichens and herbivory on five species of commonly planted dipterocarps in inikea rehabilitation forest project area
title_full Diversity of foliicolous lichens and herbivory on five species of commonly planted dipterocarps in inikea rehabilitation forest project area
title_fullStr Diversity of foliicolous lichens and herbivory on five species of commonly planted dipterocarps in inikea rehabilitation forest project area
title_full_unstemmed Diversity of foliicolous lichens and herbivory on five species of commonly planted dipterocarps in inikea rehabilitation forest project area
title_sort diversity of foliicolous lichens and herbivory on five species of commonly planted dipterocarps in inikea rehabilitation forest project area
publishDate 2020
url https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41274/1/24%20PAGES.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41274/2/FULLTEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41274/
_version_ 1814049443376267264
score 13.211869

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