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Physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater with different potential mechanisms of fog solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps

This work investigates the physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater discharged from a large community market. It proposes potential mechanisms of fat, oil, and grease (FOG) solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps. Sixty-four samples, i.e., the floated scum,...

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Main Authors: Ling Ying Tang, Wong, N.H.,, Chieng, T.A, Kiu, A.K.J, Chung Siung Choo, Li, Y, Tan, C.P, Yaser, A.Z, Khaerudini, D.S, Gui Hua Chen, Sunarso, J
Format: Article
Language:English
English
Published: Elsevier 2024
Subjects:
QD241-441 Organic chemistry
TD783-812.5 Municipal refuse. Solid wastes
Online Access:https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41110/1/ABSTRACT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41110/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41110/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.121607
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spelling my.ums.eprints.411102024-09-27T00:41:35Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41110/ Physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater with different potential mechanisms of fog solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps Ling Ying Tang Wong, N.H., Chieng, T.A Kiu, A.K.J Chung Siung Choo Li, Y Tan, C.P Yaser, A.Z Khaerudini, D.S Gui Hua Chen Sunarso, J QD241-441 Organic chemistry TD783-812.5 Municipal refuse. Solid wastes This work investigates the physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater discharged from a large community market. It proposes potential mechanisms of fat, oil, and grease (FOG) solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps. Sixty-four samples, i.e., the floated scum, suspended solid-liquid wastewater, and settled sludge, were collected from the grease-trap inlet and outlet chambers. A lower pH of 5-6 at 25- 29 ◦C inside the grease trap than those reported under the sewer conditions (pH 6-7) was revealed. A significant difference in solid and dissolved constituents was also discovered between the inlet and outlet chambers, indicating that the baffle wall could affect the separation mechanism. The sludge samples had 1.5 times higher total solids (TS) than the scum samples, i.e., 0.225 vs. 0.149 g g− 1 TS, revealing that the sludge amount impacted more significantly the grease trap capacity and operation and maintenance. In contrast, the scum samples had 1.4 times higher volatile solids (VS) than the sludge samples, i.e., 0.134 vs. 0.096 g g− 1 VS, matching with the 64.2 vs. 29.7% of carbon content from CHN analysis. About 2/3 of the free fatty acids (FFAs) with palmitic acids were the primary saturated FFAs, while the remaining 1/3 of unsaturated FFAs were found in the solid and liquid samples. Although up to 0.511 g g− 1 FOG can be extracted from the scum samples, none from the sludge samples. More diverse minerals/metals other than Na, Cl, and Ca were found in the sludge samples than in the scum samples. Grease-trap FOG solids and open drain samples exhibited similar physicochemical properties to those reported in the literature. Four potential mechanisms (crystallization, emulsification, saponification, and baffling) were presented. This work offers insights into the physicochemical properties of grease-trap wastewater that can help explore its FOG solid formation, separation, and accumulation mechanisms inside a grease trap. Elsevier 2024 Article NonPeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41110/1/ABSTRACT.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41110/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf Ling Ying Tang and Wong, N.H., and Chieng, T.A and Kiu, A.K.J and Chung Siung Choo and Li, Y and Tan, C.P and Yaser, A.Z and Khaerudini, D.S and Gui Hua Chen and Sunarso, J (2024) Physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater with different potential mechanisms of fog solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps. Water Research, 256 (1). pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.121607
institution Universiti Malaysia Sabah
building UMS Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sabah
content_source UMS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.ums.edu.my/
language English
English
topic QD241-441 Organic chemistry
TD783-812.5 Municipal refuse. Solid wastes
spellingShingle QD241-441 Organic chemistry
TD783-812.5 Municipal refuse. Solid wastes
Ling Ying Tang
Wong, N.H.,
Chieng, T.A
Kiu, A.K.J
Chung Siung Choo
Li, Y
Tan, C.P
Yaser, A.Z
Khaerudini, D.S
Gui Hua Chen
Sunarso, J
Physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater with different potential mechanisms of fog solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps
description This work investigates the physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater discharged from a large community market. It proposes potential mechanisms of fat, oil, and grease (FOG) solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps. Sixty-four samples, i.e., the floated scum, suspended solid-liquid wastewater, and settled sludge, were collected from the grease-trap inlet and outlet chambers. A lower pH of 5-6 at 25- 29 ◦C inside the grease trap than those reported under the sewer conditions (pH 6-7) was revealed. A significant difference in solid and dissolved constituents was also discovered between the inlet and outlet chambers, indicating that the baffle wall could affect the separation mechanism. The sludge samples had 1.5 times higher total solids (TS) than the scum samples, i.e., 0.225 vs. 0.149 g g− 1 TS, revealing that the sludge amount impacted more significantly the grease trap capacity and operation and maintenance. In contrast, the scum samples had 1.4 times higher volatile solids (VS) than the sludge samples, i.e., 0.134 vs. 0.096 g g− 1 VS, matching with the 64.2 vs. 29.7% of carbon content from CHN analysis. About 2/3 of the free fatty acids (FFAs) with palmitic acids were the primary saturated FFAs, while the remaining 1/3 of unsaturated FFAs were found in the solid and liquid samples. Although up to 0.511 g g− 1 FOG can be extracted from the scum samples, none from the sludge samples. More diverse minerals/metals other than Na, Cl, and Ca were found in the sludge samples than in the scum samples. Grease-trap FOG solids and open drain samples exhibited similar physicochemical properties to those reported in the literature. Four potential mechanisms (crystallization, emulsification, saponification, and baffling) were presented. This work offers insights into the physicochemical properties of grease-trap wastewater that can help explore its FOG solid formation, separation, and accumulation mechanisms inside a grease trap.
format Article
author Ling Ying Tang
Wong, N.H.,
Chieng, T.A
Kiu, A.K.J
Chung Siung Choo
Li, Y
Tan, C.P
Yaser, A.Z
Khaerudini, D.S
Gui Hua Chen
Sunarso, J
author_facet Ling Ying Tang
Wong, N.H.,
Chieng, T.A
Kiu, A.K.J
Chung Siung Choo
Li, Y
Tan, C.P
Yaser, A.Z
Khaerudini, D.S
Gui Hua Chen
Sunarso, J
author_sort Ling Ying Tang
title Physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater with different potential mechanisms of fog solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps
title_short Physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater with different potential mechanisms of fog solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps
title_full Physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater with different potential mechanisms of fog solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps
title_fullStr Physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater with different potential mechanisms of fog solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps
title_full_unstemmed Physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater with different potential mechanisms of fog solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps
title_sort physicochemical characteristics of grease-trap wastewater with different potential mechanisms of fog solid formation, separation, and accumulation inside grease traps
publisher Elsevier
publishDate 2024
url https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41110/1/ABSTRACT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41110/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41110/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.121607
_version_ 1811684215583932416
score 13.211869

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