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Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia

Malaria cases caused by Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian parasite naturally found in long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques, are increasing rapidly in Sabah, Malaysia. One hypothesis is that this increase is associated with changes in land use. A study was carried out to identify the anopheline vectors pr...

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Main Authors: Hayley L. Brant, Robert M. Ewers, Indra Vythilingam, Chris Drakeley, Suzan Benedick, John D. Mumford
Format: Article
Language:English
English
Published: BioMed Central Ltd. 2016
Subjects:
QL Zoology
SD Forestry
Online Access:https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/18490/1/Viscosity%20model%20for%20predicting%20the%20power%20output%20from%20Ocean%20Salinity%20and%20Temperature%20Energy%20Conversion%20System.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/18490/7/Vertical%20stratification%20of%20adult.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/18490/
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spelling my.ums.eprints.184902020-12-20T03:38:41Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/18490/ Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia Hayley L. Brant Robert M. Ewers Indra Vythilingam Chris Drakeley Suzan Benedick John D. Mumford QL Zoology SD Forestry Malaria cases caused by Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian parasite naturally found in long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques, are increasing rapidly in Sabah, Malaysia. One hypothesis is that this increase is associated with changes in land use. A study was carried out to identify the anopheline vectors present in different forest types and to observe the human landing behaviour of mosquitoes. Methods: Mosquito collections were carried out using human landing catches at ground and canopy levels in the Tawau Division of Sabah. Collections were conducted along an anthropogenic disturbance gradient (primary forest, lightly logged virgin jungle reserve and salvage logged forest) between 18:00 and 22:00 h. Results: Anopheles balabacensis, a vector of P. knowlesi, was the predominant species in all collection areas, accounting for 70 % of the total catch, with a peak landing time of 18:30–20:00 h. Anopheles balabacensis had a preference for landing on humans at ground level compared to the canopy (p < 0.0001). A greater abundance of mosquitoes were landing in the logged forest compared to the primary forest (p < 0.0001). There was no difference between mosquito abundance in the logged forest and lightly logged forest (p = 0.554). A higher evening temperature (p < 0.0001) and rainfall (p < 0.0001) significantly decreased mosquito abundance during collection nights. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the potential ability of An. balabacensis to transmit P. knowlesi between canopy-dwelling simian hosts and ground-dwelling humans, and that forest disturbance increases the abundance of this disease vector. These results, in combination with regional patterns of land use change, may partly explain the rapid rise in P. knowlesi cases in Sabah. This study provides essential data on anthropophily for the principal vector of P. knowlesi which is important for the planning of vector control strategies. BioMed Central Ltd. 2016 Article PeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/18490/1/Viscosity%20model%20for%20predicting%20the%20power%20output%20from%20Ocean%20Salinity%20and%20Temperature%20Energy%20Conversion%20System.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/18490/7/Vertical%20stratification%20of%20adult.pdf Hayley L. Brant and Robert M. Ewers and Indra Vythilingam and Chris Drakeley and Suzan Benedick and John D. Mumford (2016) Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia. Malaria Journal, 15 (9). pp. 1-9. ISSN 14752875
institution Universiti Malaysia Sabah
building UMS Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sabah
content_source UMS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.ums.edu.my/
language English
English
topic QL Zoology
SD Forestry
spellingShingle QL Zoology
SD Forestry
Hayley L. Brant
Robert M. Ewers
Indra Vythilingam
Chris Drakeley
Suzan Benedick
John D. Mumford
Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia
description Malaria cases caused by Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian parasite naturally found in long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques, are increasing rapidly in Sabah, Malaysia. One hypothesis is that this increase is associated with changes in land use. A study was carried out to identify the anopheline vectors present in different forest types and to observe the human landing behaviour of mosquitoes. Methods: Mosquito collections were carried out using human landing catches at ground and canopy levels in the Tawau Division of Sabah. Collections were conducted along an anthropogenic disturbance gradient (primary forest, lightly logged virgin jungle reserve and salvage logged forest) between 18:00 and 22:00 h. Results: Anopheles balabacensis, a vector of P. knowlesi, was the predominant species in all collection areas, accounting for 70 % of the total catch, with a peak landing time of 18:30–20:00 h. Anopheles balabacensis had a preference for landing on humans at ground level compared to the canopy (p < 0.0001). A greater abundance of mosquitoes were landing in the logged forest compared to the primary forest (p < 0.0001). There was no difference between mosquito abundance in the logged forest and lightly logged forest (p = 0.554). A higher evening temperature (p < 0.0001) and rainfall (p < 0.0001) significantly decreased mosquito abundance during collection nights. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the potential ability of An. balabacensis to transmit P. knowlesi between canopy-dwelling simian hosts and ground-dwelling humans, and that forest disturbance increases the abundance of this disease vector. These results, in combination with regional patterns of land use change, may partly explain the rapid rise in P. knowlesi cases in Sabah. This study provides essential data on anthropophily for the principal vector of P. knowlesi which is important for the planning of vector control strategies.
format Article
author Hayley L. Brant
Robert M. Ewers
Indra Vythilingam
Chris Drakeley
Suzan Benedick
John D. Mumford
author_facet Hayley L. Brant
Robert M. Ewers
Indra Vythilingam
Chris Drakeley
Suzan Benedick
John D. Mumford
author_sort Hayley L. Brant
title Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia
title_short Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia
title_full Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia
title_fullStr Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia
title_sort vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in sabah, malaysia
publisher BioMed Central Ltd.
publishDate 2016
url https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/18490/1/Viscosity%20model%20for%20predicting%20the%20power%20output%20from%20Ocean%20Salinity%20and%20Temperature%20Energy%20Conversion%20System.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/18490/7/Vertical%20stratification%20of%20adult.pdf
https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/18490/
_version_ 1760229452926681088
score 13.211869

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