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Performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) rich scales

The presence of high concentration metal ions such as Ca 2+ and Mg 2 together with carbonate and sulphate 'ions in industrial process always gave rise to scaling. The carbonate, and sulfate of calcium, strontium and barium are the most common scales formed. Scales are usually formed when s...

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Main Author: Munira, Abdul Aziz
Format: Undergraduates Project Papers
Language:English
Published: 2011
Subjects:
TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7813/1/MUNIRA_BINTI_ABDUL_AZIZ.PDF
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7813/
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spelling my.ump.umpir.78132021-06-09T03:33:17Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7813/ Performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) rich scales Munira, Abdul Aziz TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering The presence of high concentration metal ions such as Ca 2+ and Mg 2 together with carbonate and sulphate 'ions in industrial process always gave rise to scaling. The carbonate, and sulfate of calcium, strontium and barium are the most common scales formed. Scales are usually formed when salt water is saturated with the ions and exposed to drastic changes in temperature and pressures. The composition and forms of scales may vary dependent on industry such as the formation of calcium phosphate in sugar refineries while calcium carbonate scaling in boiler tube of steam generating facilities. The objectives of this research are to characterize the nature and component of CaCO 3 based scales, to establish the ability of commercial scale remover formulation in removing CaCO 3 scales and to study the impact of these commercial scale removers on pipe material. Sample of scale were collected at selected plant. The scale samples were analyzed using FourierTransform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) technique and Thermal Gravimetric analysis. FTIR analysis confirmed the dominance of carbonate phase in the samples while the XRD analyses confirmed the presence of CaCO 3 as calcite and aragonite. Thermal Gravimefric Analysis enables the determination of amount of carbonate present in the samples. The efficiencies of different commercial scale remover were compared based on their ability to dissolve the scale sample. The effects of scale remover towards carbon steel sample that are commonly used as pipe material were studied. Formulation AM1082 was found to be the most efficient in dissolving the scale sample followed by formulation AM1081, AJvI1O8O, sulfamic acid and last the sulfuric acid. Formulation AM1082 has been found to cause minimal leaching of the piped material while sulfuric acid caused the worst effect. Overall AM1 082 scale remover proved to be the best formulation and less harmful to the pipe material. 2011 Undergraduates Project Papers NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7813/1/MUNIRA_BINTI_ABDUL_AZIZ.PDF Munira, Abdul Aziz (2011) Performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) rich scales. Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang.
institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building UMP Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Pahang
content_source UMP Institutional Repository
url_provider http://umpir.ump.edu.my/
language English
topic TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
spellingShingle TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Munira, Abdul Aziz
Performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) rich scales
description The presence of high concentration metal ions such as Ca 2+ and Mg 2 together with carbonate and sulphate 'ions in industrial process always gave rise to scaling. The carbonate, and sulfate of calcium, strontium and barium are the most common scales formed. Scales are usually formed when salt water is saturated with the ions and exposed to drastic changes in temperature and pressures. The composition and forms of scales may vary dependent on industry such as the formation of calcium phosphate in sugar refineries while calcium carbonate scaling in boiler tube of steam generating facilities. The objectives of this research are to characterize the nature and component of CaCO 3 based scales, to establish the ability of commercial scale remover formulation in removing CaCO 3 scales and to study the impact of these commercial scale removers on pipe material. Sample of scale were collected at selected plant. The scale samples were analyzed using FourierTransform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) technique and Thermal Gravimetric analysis. FTIR analysis confirmed the dominance of carbonate phase in the samples while the XRD analyses confirmed the presence of CaCO 3 as calcite and aragonite. Thermal Gravimefric Analysis enables the determination of amount of carbonate present in the samples. The efficiencies of different commercial scale remover were compared based on their ability to dissolve the scale sample. The effects of scale remover towards carbon steel sample that are commonly used as pipe material were studied. Formulation AM1082 was found to be the most efficient in dissolving the scale sample followed by formulation AM1081, AJvI1O8O, sulfamic acid and last the sulfuric acid. Formulation AM1082 has been found to cause minimal leaching of the piped material while sulfuric acid caused the worst effect. Overall AM1 082 scale remover proved to be the best formulation and less harmful to the pipe material.
format Undergraduates Project Papers
author Munira, Abdul Aziz
author_facet Munira, Abdul Aziz
author_sort Munira, Abdul Aziz
title Performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) rich scales
title_short Performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) rich scales
title_full Performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) rich scales
title_fullStr Performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) rich scales
title_full_unstemmed Performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) rich scales
title_sort performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (caco3) rich scales
publishDate 2011
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7813/1/MUNIRA_BINTI_ABDUL_AZIZ.PDF
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7813/
_version_ 1702170086919372800
score 13.211869

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