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Characteristics of NH3/H2 blend as carbon-free fuels: A review

In the pursue of a carbon-free economy, the utilization of fuels with low or zero carbon footprint account for only 1% of global final energy demand, a share that is predicted to follow a dramatic growth to 20% by 2050. Ammonia (NH3) has become dominant in the international transportation and storag...

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Main Authors:	Awad, Omar I., Zhou, Bo, Harrath, Karim, Kadirgama, Kumaran
Format:	Article
Language:	English English
Published:	Elsevier Ltd 2023
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42911/1/Characteristics%20of%20NH3_H2%20blend%20as%20carbon-free%20fuels%20_A%20review.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42911/2/Characteristics%20of%20NH3_H2%20blend%20as%20carbon-free%20fuels_A%20review_abs.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42911/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.096
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spelling	my.ump.umpir.429112025-01-08T01:51:22Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42911/ Characteristics of NH3/H2 blend as carbon-free fuels: A review Awad, Omar I. Zhou, Bo Harrath, Karim Kadirgama, Kumaran TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics In the pursue of a carbon-free economy, the utilization of fuels with low or zero carbon footprint account for only 1% of global final energy demand, a share that is predicted to follow a dramatic growth to 20% by 2050. Ammonia (NH3) has become dominant in the international transportation and storage of low-carbon alternative fuels. NH3 is regarded as an alternative fuel, as a carbon-free fuel, and renewable hydrogen (H2) carrier with high energy density, and its production and distribution infrastructure are well established. However, a current challenge is that NH3 has a lower burning velocity and a narrow flammability limit. Thus, the use of NH3 has numerous limitations in practical combustion applications. Blending NH3 with H2 is considered a solution that has been proposed to enhance NH3 combustion by improving ignition, flammability, and H2 safety issue. Using NH3 blended with H2 as a fuel in combustion systems is a practical approach to decarbonizing the energy sector. Thus, this review highlights the existing influential studies and ongoing research on NH3/H2 blended fuels. The review covers NH3 assists the safety behaviour of H2 use, in-situ NH3 dissociation, NH3 and H2 properties, NH3/H2 combustion characterization, techniques for low NOx NH3/H2 combustion, and challenges for NH3/H2 combustion. Finally, recommendations for future studies are provided for further developing the utilization of NH3/H2 as blended fuel. Elsevier Ltd 2023-12-12 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42911/1/Characteristics%20of%20NH3_H2%20blend%20as%20carbon-free%20fuels%20_A%20review.pdf pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42911/2/Characteristics%20of%20NH3_H2%20blend%20as%20carbon-free%20fuels_A%20review_abs.pdf Awad, Omar I. and Zhou, Bo and Harrath, Karim and Kadirgama, Kumaran (2023) Characteristics of NH3/H2 blend as carbon-free fuels: A review. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 48 (96). pp. 38077-38100. ISSN 0360-3199. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.096 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.096
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
building	UMPSA Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
content_source	UMPSA Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/
language	English English
topic	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics
spellingShingle	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics Awad, Omar I. Zhou, Bo Harrath, Karim Kadirgama, Kumaran Characteristics of NH3/H2 blend as carbon-free fuels: A review
description	In the pursue of a carbon-free economy, the utilization of fuels with low or zero carbon footprint account for only 1% of global final energy demand, a share that is predicted to follow a dramatic growth to 20% by 2050. Ammonia (NH3) has become dominant in the international transportation and storage of low-carbon alternative fuels. NH3 is regarded as an alternative fuel, as a carbon-free fuel, and renewable hydrogen (H2) carrier with high energy density, and its production and distribution infrastructure are well established. However, a current challenge is that NH3 has a lower burning velocity and a narrow flammability limit. Thus, the use of NH3 has numerous limitations in practical combustion applications. Blending NH3 with H2 is considered a solution that has been proposed to enhance NH3 combustion by improving ignition, flammability, and H2 safety issue. Using NH3 blended with H2 as a fuel in combustion systems is a practical approach to decarbonizing the energy sector. Thus, this review highlights the existing influential studies and ongoing research on NH3/H2 blended fuels. The review covers NH3 assists the safety behaviour of H2 use, in-situ NH3 dissociation, NH3 and H2 properties, NH3/H2 combustion characterization, techniques for low NOx NH3/H2 combustion, and challenges for NH3/H2 combustion. Finally, recommendations for future studies are provided for further developing the utilization of NH3/H2 as blended fuel.
format	Article
author	Awad, Omar I. Zhou, Bo Harrath, Karim Kadirgama, Kumaran
author_facet	Awad, Omar I. Zhou, Bo Harrath, Karim Kadirgama, Kumaran
author_sort	Awad, Omar I.
title	Characteristics of NH3/H2 blend as carbon-free fuels: A review
title_short	Characteristics of NH3/H2 blend as carbon-free fuels: A review
title_full	Characteristics of NH3/H2 blend as carbon-free fuels: A review
title_fullStr	Characteristics of NH3/H2 blend as carbon-free fuels: A review
title_full_unstemmed	Characteristics of NH3/H2 blend as carbon-free fuels: A review
title_sort	characteristics of nh3/h2 blend as carbon-free fuels: a review
publisher	Elsevier Ltd
publishDate	2023
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42911/1/Characteristics%20of%20NH3_H2%20blend%20as%20carbon-free%20fuels%20_A%20review.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42911/2/Characteristics%20of%20NH3_H2%20blend%20as%20carbon-free%20fuels_A%20review_abs.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42911/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.096
_version_	1822924895633276928
score	13.235362

Characteristics of NH3/H2 blend as carbon-free fuels: A review

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