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DES-ultrasonication treatment of cellulose nanocrystals and the reinforcement in carrageenan biocomposite

CNCs are intensively studied to reinforce biocomposites. However, it remains a challenge to homogeneously disperse the CNC in biocomposites for a smooth film surface. Mechanochemical treatment via ultrasonication in deep eutectic solvent (DES) generated a stable dispersion of CNC before incorporatio...

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Main Authors: Nur Amalina, Ramli, Fatmawati, Adam, Ries, Michael E., S. Fatimah, Ibrahim
Format: Article
Language:English
English
Published: Elsevier Ltd 2024
Subjects:
QD Chemistry
TP Chemical technology
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41556/1/DES-ultrasonication%20treatment%20of%20cellulose%20nanocrystals_ABST.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41556/2/DES-ultrasonication%20treatment%20of%20cellulose%20nanocrystals.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41556/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132385
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132385
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spelling my.ump.umpir.415562024-06-11T07:01:27Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41556/ DES-ultrasonication treatment of cellulose nanocrystals and the reinforcement in carrageenan biocomposite Nur Amalina, Ramli Fatmawati, Adam Ries, Michael E. S. Fatimah, Ibrahim QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology CNCs are intensively studied to reinforce biocomposites. However, it remains a challenge to homogeneously disperse the CNC in biocomposites for a smooth film surface. Mechanochemical treatment via ultrasonication in deep eutectic solvent (DES) generated a stable dispersion of CNC before incorporation into carrageenan biocomposite. Shifted peaks of choline chloride (ChCl) methylene groups to 3.95–3.98 ppm in 1H NMR indicated a formation of eutectic mixture between the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and hydrogen bond donor (HBD) at the functional group of CH3···OH. The swelling of CNC in the DES was proven by the formation of intermolecular H-bond at a length of 2.46 Å. The use of DES contributed to a good dispersion of CNC in the solution which increased zeta potential by 43.2 % compared to CNC in deionized water. The ultrasonication amplitude and feed concentration were varied for the best parameters of a stable dispersion of CNC. The crystallinity of 1 wt% of CNC at 20 % sonication amplitude improved from 76 to 81 %. The high crystallinity of CNCDES resulted in an increase in film tensile and capsule loop strength of Carra-CNCDES by 20.7 and 19.4 %, respectively. Improved dispersion of CNCDES reduced the surface roughness of the biocomposite by 21.8 %. H-bond network in CNCDES improved the biocomposite properties for an ingenious reinforcement material. Elsevier Ltd 2024-06 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41556/1/DES-ultrasonication%20treatment%20of%20cellulose%20nanocrystals_ABST.pdf pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41556/2/DES-ultrasonication%20treatment%20of%20cellulose%20nanocrystals.pdf Nur Amalina, Ramli and Fatmawati, Adam and Ries, Michael E. and S. Fatimah, Ibrahim (2024) DES-ultrasonication treatment of cellulose nanocrystals and the reinforcement in carrageenan biocomposite. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 270 (132385). pp. 1-12. ISSN 0141-8130. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132385 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132385
institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
building UMPSA Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
content_source UMPSA Institutional Repository
url_provider http://umpir.ump.edu.my/
language English
English
topic QD Chemistry
TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle QD Chemistry
TP Chemical technology
Nur Amalina, Ramli
Fatmawati, Adam
Ries, Michael E.
S. Fatimah, Ibrahim
DES-ultrasonication treatment of cellulose nanocrystals and the reinforcement in carrageenan biocomposite
description CNCs are intensively studied to reinforce biocomposites. However, it remains a challenge to homogeneously disperse the CNC in biocomposites for a smooth film surface. Mechanochemical treatment via ultrasonication in deep eutectic solvent (DES) generated a stable dispersion of CNC before incorporation into carrageenan biocomposite. Shifted peaks of choline chloride (ChCl) methylene groups to 3.95–3.98 ppm in 1H NMR indicated a formation of eutectic mixture between the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and hydrogen bond donor (HBD) at the functional group of CH3···OH. The swelling of CNC in the DES was proven by the formation of intermolecular H-bond at a length of 2.46 Å. The use of DES contributed to a good dispersion of CNC in the solution which increased zeta potential by 43.2 % compared to CNC in deionized water. The ultrasonication amplitude and feed concentration were varied for the best parameters of a stable dispersion of CNC. The crystallinity of 1 wt% of CNC at 20 % sonication amplitude improved from 76 to 81 %. The high crystallinity of CNCDES resulted in an increase in film tensile and capsule loop strength of Carra-CNCDES by 20.7 and 19.4 %, respectively. Improved dispersion of CNCDES reduced the surface roughness of the biocomposite by 21.8 %. H-bond network in CNCDES improved the biocomposite properties for an ingenious reinforcement material.
format Article
author Nur Amalina, Ramli
Fatmawati, Adam
Ries, Michael E.
S. Fatimah, Ibrahim
author_facet Nur Amalina, Ramli
Fatmawati, Adam
Ries, Michael E.
S. Fatimah, Ibrahim
author_sort Nur Amalina, Ramli
title DES-ultrasonication treatment of cellulose nanocrystals and the reinforcement in carrageenan biocomposite
title_short DES-ultrasonication treatment of cellulose nanocrystals and the reinforcement in carrageenan biocomposite
title_full DES-ultrasonication treatment of cellulose nanocrystals and the reinforcement in carrageenan biocomposite
title_fullStr DES-ultrasonication treatment of cellulose nanocrystals and the reinforcement in carrageenan biocomposite
title_full_unstemmed DES-ultrasonication treatment of cellulose nanocrystals and the reinforcement in carrageenan biocomposite
title_sort des-ultrasonication treatment of cellulose nanocrystals and the reinforcement in carrageenan biocomposite
publisher Elsevier Ltd
publishDate 2024
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41556/1/DES-ultrasonication%20treatment%20of%20cellulose%20nanocrystals_ABST.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41556/2/DES-ultrasonication%20treatment%20of%20cellulose%20nanocrystals.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41556/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132385
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132385
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score 13.244413

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