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Enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using rice husk ash (NiSO4)/SiO2 catalyst

Waste or low-cost feedstock utilization for preparing renewable energy is a noble effort towards a greener environment. In this work, palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), which is usually transacted at a concession rate versus crude palm oil, is esterified to methyl esters. Conventional catalysts are...

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Main Authors: Nurul Hajar, Embong, Noor, Hindryawati, Prakash, Bhuyar, Govindan, Natanamurugaraj, Mohd Hasbi, Ab Rahim, Gaanty Pragas, Maniam
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021
Subjects:
QD Chemistry
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/34021/1/57%29%202021%20App%20Nanosci%20PFAD.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/34021/
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-021-01922-4
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-021-01922-4
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spelling my.ump.umpir.340212022-05-12T03:33:48Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/34021/ Enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using rice husk ash (NiSO4)/SiO2 catalyst Nurul Hajar, Embong Noor, Hindryawati Prakash, Bhuyar Govindan, Natanamurugaraj Mohd Hasbi, Ab Rahim Gaanty Pragas, Maniam QD Chemistry Waste or low-cost feedstock utilization for preparing renewable energy is a noble effort towards a greener environment. In this work, palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), which is usually transacted at a concession rate versus crude palm oil, is esterified to methyl esters. Conventional catalysts are not feasible in the process since PFAD consists of a significant amount of free fatty acids. As such, nickel sulfate supported on waste rice husk ash is utilized to catalyse the reaction under moderate reaction conditions of 15 wt.% catalyst, 5:1 methanol: PFAD (molar ratio) for 7 h, that produces 93% of methyl esters. The prepared catalyst was characterized for thermal stability (TGA), acid strength, surface analysis and compositional analysis via XPS, XRD and FTIR. The esterification of PFAD with NiSO4/SiO2 under the optimized reaction conditions of 15 wt.% catalyst, 5:1 methanol to PFAD molar ratio and 7 h reaction time gave the highest methyl esters conversion of 93%. The utilization of low-cost feedstock and waste utilization in catalyst preparation readily implies merits in term of environmental gains and lower cost biodiesel preparation Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021-06-11 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/34021/1/57%29%202021%20App%20Nanosci%20PFAD.pdf Nurul Hajar, Embong and Noor, Hindryawati and Prakash, Bhuyar and Govindan, Natanamurugaraj and Mohd Hasbi, Ab Rahim and Gaanty Pragas, Maniam (2021) Enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using rice husk ash (NiSO4)/SiO2 catalyst. Applied Nanoscience, 11 (6). pp. 1-9. ISSN 2190-5509 (Print); 2190-5517 (Online) https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-021-01922-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-021-01922-4
institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building UMP Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Pahang
content_source UMP Institutional Repository
url_provider http://umpir.ump.edu.my/
language English
topic QD Chemistry
spellingShingle QD Chemistry
Nurul Hajar, Embong
Noor, Hindryawati
Prakash, Bhuyar
Govindan, Natanamurugaraj
Mohd Hasbi, Ab Rahim
Gaanty Pragas, Maniam
Enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using rice husk ash (NiSO4)/SiO2 catalyst
description Waste or low-cost feedstock utilization for preparing renewable energy is a noble effort towards a greener environment. In this work, palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), which is usually transacted at a concession rate versus crude palm oil, is esterified to methyl esters. Conventional catalysts are not feasible in the process since PFAD consists of a significant amount of free fatty acids. As such, nickel sulfate supported on waste rice husk ash is utilized to catalyse the reaction under moderate reaction conditions of 15 wt.% catalyst, 5:1 methanol: PFAD (molar ratio) for 7 h, that produces 93% of methyl esters. The prepared catalyst was characterized for thermal stability (TGA), acid strength, surface analysis and compositional analysis via XPS, XRD and FTIR. The esterification of PFAD with NiSO4/SiO2 under the optimized reaction conditions of 15 wt.% catalyst, 5:1 methanol to PFAD molar ratio and 7 h reaction time gave the highest methyl esters conversion of 93%. The utilization of low-cost feedstock and waste utilization in catalyst preparation readily implies merits in term of environmental gains and lower cost biodiesel preparation
format Article
author Nurul Hajar, Embong
Noor, Hindryawati
Prakash, Bhuyar
Govindan, Natanamurugaraj
Mohd Hasbi, Ab Rahim
Gaanty Pragas, Maniam
author_facet Nurul Hajar, Embong
Noor, Hindryawati
Prakash, Bhuyar
Govindan, Natanamurugaraj
Mohd Hasbi, Ab Rahim
Gaanty Pragas, Maniam
author_sort Nurul Hajar, Embong
title Enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using rice husk ash (NiSO4)/SiO2 catalyst
title_short Enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using rice husk ash (NiSO4)/SiO2 catalyst
title_full Enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using rice husk ash (NiSO4)/SiO2 catalyst
title_fullStr Enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using rice husk ash (NiSO4)/SiO2 catalyst
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using rice husk ash (NiSO4)/SiO2 catalyst
title_sort enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (pfad) using rice husk ash (niso4)/sio2 catalyst
publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg
publishDate 2021
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/34021/1/57%29%202021%20App%20Nanosci%20PFAD.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/34021/
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-021-01922-4
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-021-01922-4
_version_ 1732945670503923712
score 13.211869

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