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Chemical composition of Agarwood Essential Oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) upon exposure towards heat condition

Agarwood (Gaharu) is highly valued due to extensive usage in industries including perfumery, pharmaceutical and traditional medicine. The strong and unique woody aroma of agarwood oil is dependent on the abundance of sesquiterpenoid or oxygenated sesquiterpene. Post-treatment of agarwood oil such as...

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Main Authors: Hezelin Elayana, Shaian, Che Mohd Aizal, Che Mohd, Saiful Nizam, Tajuddin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Malaysian Institute of Chemistry 2021
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TP Chemical technology
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/31603/1/1013-Article-2333-1-10-20210628.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/31603/
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spelling my.ump.umpir.316032021-07-02T08:12:13Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/31603/ Chemical composition of Agarwood Essential Oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) upon exposure towards heat condition Hezelin Elayana, Shaian Che Mohd Aizal, Che Mohd Saiful Nizam, Tajuddin TP Chemical technology Agarwood (Gaharu) is highly valued due to extensive usage in industries including perfumery, pharmaceutical and traditional medicine. The strong and unique woody aroma of agarwood oil is dependent on the abundance of sesquiterpenoid or oxygenated sesquiterpene. Post-treatment of agarwood oil such as exposure towards heat, UV light and oxygen under certain period of time are practiced by the industry to induce the formation of sesquiterpenoid content through the oxidation process, thus enhancing the woody aroma of the oil. In this study, agarwood oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) from Pahang, Malaysia was subjected to exposure of heat at 40 oC for periods of 3, 7, 14, 20 and 30 days. Gas chromatography analysis identified the major compounds in the oils as 9-hydroxyselina- 4,11-dien-14-oic acid (6.94-8.06 %), epi-α-cadinol (6.38-7.88 %), selina-3,11-dien-9-al (5.20-6.72 %), β-eudesmol (3.95-5.22 %), 10-epi-γ-eudesmol (3.95-3.87 %), selina-4,11- dien-14-oic acid (4.21-4.85 %), and α-eudesmol (3.25-3.79 %), kusunol (1.77-3.02 %) and kessane (2.42-2.90 %). The classification of compounds of treated oil (Day 3 to Day 30) showed that the sesquiterpenoid group dominated the aromatic compounds of agarwood oil in the range of 62.82 to 66.25 % with the highest content on Day 14. However, further investigation showed a decrease in total sesquiterpenoid content from 70.85 % (Day 0 to 66.25 % (Day 14) suggesting that the heating process did not increase the quantity of sesquiterpenoids as intended. Thus, further study with other parameters such as oxygen and UV light is recommended to be done together with headspace analysis of the samples. Malaysian Institute of Chemistry 2021 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/31603/1/1013-Article-2333-1-10-20210628.pdf Hezelin Elayana, Shaian and Che Mohd Aizal, Che Mohd and Saiful Nizam, Tajuddin (2021) Chemical composition of Agarwood Essential Oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) upon exposure towards heat condition. Malaysian Journal of Chemistry, 23 (2). pp. 199-204. ISSN 2550-1658
institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building UMP Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Pahang
content_source UMP Institutional Repository
url_provider http://umpir.ump.edu.my/
language English
topic TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Hezelin Elayana, Shaian
Che Mohd Aizal, Che Mohd
Saiful Nizam, Tajuddin
Chemical composition of Agarwood Essential Oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) upon exposure towards heat condition
description Agarwood (Gaharu) is highly valued due to extensive usage in industries including perfumery, pharmaceutical and traditional medicine. The strong and unique woody aroma of agarwood oil is dependent on the abundance of sesquiterpenoid or oxygenated sesquiterpene. Post-treatment of agarwood oil such as exposure towards heat, UV light and oxygen under certain period of time are practiced by the industry to induce the formation of sesquiterpenoid content through the oxidation process, thus enhancing the woody aroma of the oil. In this study, agarwood oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) from Pahang, Malaysia was subjected to exposure of heat at 40 oC for periods of 3, 7, 14, 20 and 30 days. Gas chromatography analysis identified the major compounds in the oils as 9-hydroxyselina- 4,11-dien-14-oic acid (6.94-8.06 %), epi-α-cadinol (6.38-7.88 %), selina-3,11-dien-9-al (5.20-6.72 %), β-eudesmol (3.95-5.22 %), 10-epi-γ-eudesmol (3.95-3.87 %), selina-4,11- dien-14-oic acid (4.21-4.85 %), and α-eudesmol (3.25-3.79 %), kusunol (1.77-3.02 %) and kessane (2.42-2.90 %). The classification of compounds of treated oil (Day 3 to Day 30) showed that the sesquiterpenoid group dominated the aromatic compounds of agarwood oil in the range of 62.82 to 66.25 % with the highest content on Day 14. However, further investigation showed a decrease in total sesquiterpenoid content from 70.85 % (Day 0 to 66.25 % (Day 14) suggesting that the heating process did not increase the quantity of sesquiterpenoids as intended. Thus, further study with other parameters such as oxygen and UV light is recommended to be done together with headspace analysis of the samples.
format Article
author Hezelin Elayana, Shaian
Che Mohd Aizal, Che Mohd
Saiful Nizam, Tajuddin
author_facet Hezelin Elayana, Shaian
Che Mohd Aizal, Che Mohd
Saiful Nizam, Tajuddin
author_sort Hezelin Elayana, Shaian
title Chemical composition of Agarwood Essential Oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) upon exposure towards heat condition
title_short Chemical composition of Agarwood Essential Oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) upon exposure towards heat condition
title_full Chemical composition of Agarwood Essential Oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) upon exposure towards heat condition
title_fullStr Chemical composition of Agarwood Essential Oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) upon exposure towards heat condition
title_full_unstemmed Chemical composition of Agarwood Essential Oil (Aquilaria malaccensis) upon exposure towards heat condition
title_sort chemical composition of agarwood essential oil (aquilaria malaccensis) upon exposure towards heat condition
publisher Malaysian Institute of Chemistry
publishDate 2021
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/31603/1/1013-Article-2333-1-10-20210628.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/31603/
_version_ 1705057026840723456
score 13.211869

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