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Basic Properties of Gebeng Bauxite in Accordance to IMSBC Code

Background/Objectives: Due to a case where Bulk Jupiter, which was carrying 46,400 tons of bauxite from Kuantan sank about 150 nautical miles off the coast of Vung Tau, Vietnam, with 18 fatalities and only one survivor, where liquefaction has been identified as the main cause of the capsize of the b...

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Main Authors: Muzamir, Hasan, Siti Hajar, Aziz, Wan Nursyafiqah, Wan Jusoh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Informatics Publishing Limited 2017
Subjects:
TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/17153/1/fkasa-2017-muzamir-basic%20properties%20of%20gebeng.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/17153/
http://www.indjst.org/index.php/indjst/article/view/111451
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spelling my.ump.umpir.171532017-08-18T07:45:31Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/17153/ Basic Properties of Gebeng Bauxite in Accordance to IMSBC Code Muzamir, Hasan Siti Hajar, Aziz Wan Nursyafiqah, Wan Jusoh TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Background/Objectives: Due to a case where Bulk Jupiter, which was carrying 46,400 tons of bauxite from Kuantan sank about 150 nautical miles off the coast of Vung Tau, Vietnam, with 18 fatalities and only one survivor, where liquefaction has been identified as the main cause of the capsize of the bulk cargo; has embarked the idea for this study. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Laboratory test had been done to three different locations from bauxite mines and one from stockpile in Gebeng, Kuantan to identify its basic properties; particle size distribution, moisture content, specific gravity and its morphological properties. Results are then compared with International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code; an international standard for cargo transportation for exporting purpose to ensure those raw materials are passing the standard so that the tendency for the material to liquefy is low. Findings: From laboratory test conducted, the average value of moisture content from air-dry and oven-dry method are 20.45 % and 23.33 %, respectively. Average particles size of Kuantan Bauxite smaller than 2.5 mm is 35% means bauxite samples collected consists of fine particles more than lumps and images obtained from SEM test proved that there is abundance of fine particles attached to the bauxite ore. Application/Improvements: Referring to the IMSBC Code, it can be stated that bauxite sample collected from Gebeng mines does not qualify to be classified under Group C as its basic properties are not within the limits imposed by IMSBC Code. This is due to the presence of high fine particles which tend to absorb water more than granular particles that may lead to liquefaction to occur. Liquefaction in bulk cargoes is very dangerous since the probability for the cargoes to capsize is very high. In order to ensure the bauxite is passing the standard, ‘beneficiation’ process should be conducted to eliminate fine particles. Informatics Publishing Limited 2017 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en cc_by http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/17153/1/fkasa-2017-muzamir-basic%20properties%20of%20gebeng.pdf Muzamir, Hasan and Siti Hajar, Aziz and Wan Nursyafiqah, Wan Jusoh (2017) Basic Properties of Gebeng Bauxite in Accordance to IMSBC Code. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 10 (7). pp. 1-5. ISSN 0974-6846 (Print); 0974-5645 (Online) http://www.indjst.org/index.php/indjst/article/view/111451 DOI: 10.17485/ijst/2017/v10i7/111451
institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building UMP Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Pahang
content_source UMP Institutional Repository
url_provider http://umpir.ump.edu.my/
language English
topic TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Muzamir, Hasan
Siti Hajar, Aziz
Wan Nursyafiqah, Wan Jusoh
Basic Properties of Gebeng Bauxite in Accordance to IMSBC Code
description Background/Objectives: Due to a case where Bulk Jupiter, which was carrying 46,400 tons of bauxite from Kuantan sank about 150 nautical miles off the coast of Vung Tau, Vietnam, with 18 fatalities and only one survivor, where liquefaction has been identified as the main cause of the capsize of the bulk cargo; has embarked the idea for this study. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Laboratory test had been done to three different locations from bauxite mines and one from stockpile in Gebeng, Kuantan to identify its basic properties; particle size distribution, moisture content, specific gravity and its morphological properties. Results are then compared with International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code; an international standard for cargo transportation for exporting purpose to ensure those raw materials are passing the standard so that the tendency for the material to liquefy is low. Findings: From laboratory test conducted, the average value of moisture content from air-dry and oven-dry method are 20.45 % and 23.33 %, respectively. Average particles size of Kuantan Bauxite smaller than 2.5 mm is 35% means bauxite samples collected consists of fine particles more than lumps and images obtained from SEM test proved that there is abundance of fine particles attached to the bauxite ore. Application/Improvements: Referring to the IMSBC Code, it can be stated that bauxite sample collected from Gebeng mines does not qualify to be classified under Group C as its basic properties are not within the limits imposed by IMSBC Code. This is due to the presence of high fine particles which tend to absorb water more than granular particles that may lead to liquefaction to occur. Liquefaction in bulk cargoes is very dangerous since the probability for the cargoes to capsize is very high. In order to ensure the bauxite is passing the standard, ‘beneficiation’ process should be conducted to eliminate fine particles.
format Article
author Muzamir, Hasan
Siti Hajar, Aziz
Wan Nursyafiqah, Wan Jusoh
author_facet Muzamir, Hasan
Siti Hajar, Aziz
Wan Nursyafiqah, Wan Jusoh
author_sort Muzamir, Hasan
title Basic Properties of Gebeng Bauxite in Accordance to IMSBC Code
title_short Basic Properties of Gebeng Bauxite in Accordance to IMSBC Code
title_full Basic Properties of Gebeng Bauxite in Accordance to IMSBC Code
title_fullStr Basic Properties of Gebeng Bauxite in Accordance to IMSBC Code
title_full_unstemmed Basic Properties of Gebeng Bauxite in Accordance to IMSBC Code
title_sort basic properties of gebeng bauxite in accordance to imsbc code
publisher Informatics Publishing Limited
publishDate 2017
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/17153/1/fkasa-2017-muzamir-basic%20properties%20of%20gebeng.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/17153/
http://www.indjst.org/index.php/indjst/article/view/111451
_version_ 1643668103403405312
score 13.211869

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