Computational analysis of water surge phenomenon at power station / Badruzzaman Kamaruzaman
In such confined system for water pipeline, a sudden displacement of flow that causes large pressure destabilize or back pressure is called water hammer. The called is given due to the sound that occurs during the back flow of water. It is most important consideration of many hydraulic design str...
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| Format: | Thesis |
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2019
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| Online Access: | http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/10042/1/Badruzzaman_Kamaruzaman.jpg http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/10042/8/badruzzaman.pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/10042/ |
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| Summary: | In such confined system for water pipeline, a sudden displacement of flow that causes
large pressure destabilize or back pressure is called water hammer. The called is given
due to the sound that occurs during the back flow of water. It is most important
consideration of many hydraulic design structure due to extreme variation of pressure
cause by the pump. The compressibility of water and the elasticity of pipes, pressure
waves will then spread in the pipe until they are decreased at certain velocity, which is
dependent on the pipe material and wall thickness. Through the effects of the water
hammer changing, range from slight changes in pressure and velocity to sufficiently high
pressure or vacuum through to failure of fittings, and burst pipes. Figure 1 shows burst
mild steel pipe due to water hammer pressure. This pipe thickness and pipe material is
not sufficient to sustain the water hammer pressure. Therefore, pipe burst and suitable
mathematical modeling of the different ingredient in hydraulic system is necessary to
get, useful results, which help fulfill these objectives. In this paper mathematical
modeling used to develop computer program to simulate the hydraulic transient in simple
pipe. There was no need to consider cases of unsteady flow, either in open channels or in
closed pipes and conduits. The action of waves on shore 1ines, in bays and ports, and
a1ong canals, was the only prob1em simi1ar to water-hammer known in early times, and
the mathematical and physical knowledge in those days was unable to cope with this
problem except by construction of breakwaters for protection of harbors and
shipping. This branch of hydrau1ics, now designated as coastal engineering, which deals
with tida1 and surface waves, has become a very important field, particularly in this 20th
century. Because of the rapid flow changes, a pressure wave is propagated while a
negative down surge travels down the pipeline to the discharge outlet where it is
reflected. The reflected wave will in turn creates a positive surge along the
pipeline. Unlike some aspect of the system behavior that are conservative when neglected, this phenomenon cannot be neglected as it increases the severity of water
hammer. Column separation is the discontinuity in the water column caused by excessive
tension when the pressure is reduced to the vapor pressure of water. Large diameter thin
walled pipelines are particularly vulnerable to shell collapse under this condition. On the
other case, if the adverse pressure is not acceptable, suitable surge suppression device
shall be recommended to limit the pressure to acceptable levels. |
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