Staff View: Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology

Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology

Introduction: Using antibiotics in the treatment of acute sore throats has been linked with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and needs to be addressed. The consensus sought to improve diagnostic accuracy, decrease unwarranted antibiotic prescriptions and enhance patient outcomes. Methods: A multidisci...

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Main Authors:	Abdullah, Baharudin, Koh, Kar Chai, Mohamed, Mohazmi, Tan, Vincent Eng Soon, Mohammad, Nurashikin, Sekawi, Zamberi, Periyasamy, Petrick, Ramadas, Anitha, Duerden, Martin
Format:	Article
Published:	Dove Medical Press Ltd 2024
Subjects:	R Medicine (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/47064/ https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S477038
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spelling	my.um.eprints.470642025-01-06T01:11:51Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/47064/ Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology Abdullah, Baharudin Koh, Kar Chai Mohamed, Mohazmi Tan, Vincent Eng Soon Mohammad, Nurashikin Sekawi, Zamberi Periyasamy, Petrick Ramadas, Anitha Duerden, Martin R Medicine (General) Introduction: Using antibiotics in the treatment of acute sore throats has been linked with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and needs to be addressed. The consensus sought to improve diagnostic accuracy, decrease unwarranted antibiotic prescriptions and enhance patient outcomes. Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of nine experts reviewed published literature and discussed current practices in managing sore throat. Ten evidence-based statements on sore throat and AMR, diagnostic accuracy and antibiotic prescribing, and symptomatic therapy were developed. A modified Delphi exercise was then carried out. A consensus was reached if at least 70% of the group agreed with the statement. Results: All 10 statements for managing acute sore throat achieved consensus. The major concern of AMR caused by improper antibiotic prescribing, particularly in cases of viral sore throat, was recognized. This underscores the need for improved diagnostic tools, such as the McIsaac score, to reduce needless antibiotic prescriptions. To improve patient satisfaction, effective pain management using non-antibiotic alternatives such as paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and flurbiprofen throat lozenges was recommended. Pain and inflammation can be adequately managed with low-dose NSAIDs. The potential benefits of topical NSAIDs were acknowledged for their milder safety profile than oral formulations. Conclusion: A consensus was achieved on the use of a clinical diagnostic tool, prudent use of antibiotics, and symptomatic therapy in acute sore throat management. The McIsaac score and point-of-care testing (POCT) for the presence of group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) can aid in the decision-making process for antibiotic use, reducing needless prescriptions. The mainstay of therapy is symptomatic treatment, which includes the use of NSAIDs. Dove Medical Press Ltd 2024 Article PeerReviewed Abdullah, Baharudin and Koh, Kar Chai and Mohamed, Mohazmi and Tan, Vincent Eng Soon and Mohammad, Nurashikin and Sekawi, Zamberi and Periyasamy, Petrick and Ramadas, Anitha and Duerden, Martin (2024) Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology. Infection and Drug Resistance, 17. pp. 4149-4160. ISSN 1178-6973, DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S477038 <https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S477038>. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S477038 10.2147/IDR.S477038
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	R Medicine (General)
spellingShingle	R Medicine (General) Abdullah, Baharudin Koh, Kar Chai Mohamed, Mohazmi Tan, Vincent Eng Soon Mohammad, Nurashikin Sekawi, Zamberi Periyasamy, Petrick Ramadas, Anitha Duerden, Martin Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology
description	Introduction: Using antibiotics in the treatment of acute sore throats has been linked with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and needs to be addressed. The consensus sought to improve diagnostic accuracy, decrease unwarranted antibiotic prescriptions and enhance patient outcomes. Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of nine experts reviewed published literature and discussed current practices in managing sore throat. Ten evidence-based statements on sore throat and AMR, diagnostic accuracy and antibiotic prescribing, and symptomatic therapy were developed. A modified Delphi exercise was then carried out. A consensus was reached if at least 70% of the group agreed with the statement. Results: All 10 statements for managing acute sore throat achieved consensus. The major concern of AMR caused by improper antibiotic prescribing, particularly in cases of viral sore throat, was recognized. This underscores the need for improved diagnostic tools, such as the McIsaac score, to reduce needless antibiotic prescriptions. To improve patient satisfaction, effective pain management using non-antibiotic alternatives such as paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and flurbiprofen throat lozenges was recommended. Pain and inflammation can be adequately managed with low-dose NSAIDs. The potential benefits of topical NSAIDs were acknowledged for their milder safety profile than oral formulations. Conclusion: A consensus was achieved on the use of a clinical diagnostic tool, prudent use of antibiotics, and symptomatic therapy in acute sore throat management. The McIsaac score and point-of-care testing (POCT) for the presence of group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) can aid in the decision-making process for antibiotic use, reducing needless prescriptions. The mainstay of therapy is symptomatic treatment, which includes the use of NSAIDs.
format	Article
author	Abdullah, Baharudin Koh, Kar Chai Mohamed, Mohazmi Tan, Vincent Eng Soon Mohammad, Nurashikin Sekawi, Zamberi Periyasamy, Petrick Ramadas, Anitha Duerden, Martin
author_facet	Abdullah, Baharudin Koh, Kar Chai Mohamed, Mohazmi Tan, Vincent Eng Soon Mohammad, Nurashikin Sekawi, Zamberi Periyasamy, Petrick Ramadas, Anitha Duerden, Martin
author_sort	Abdullah, Baharudin
title	Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology
title_short	Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology
title_full	Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology
title_fullStr	Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology
title_full_unstemmed	Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology
title_sort	treatment of acute sore throat in malaysia : a consensus of multidisciplinary recommendations using modified delphi methodology
publisher	Dove Medical Press Ltd
publishDate	2024
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/47064/ https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S477038
_version_	1821001883064467456
score	13.244413

Treatment of Acute Sore Throat in Malaysia : A Consensus of Multidisciplinary Recommendations Using Modified Delphi Methodology

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