Proteomic Analysis of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review

Numerous challenges remain within conventional cell-based therapy despite the growing trend of stem cells used to treat various life-debilitating diseases. These limitations include batch-to-batch heterogeneity, induced alloreactivity, cell survival and integration, poor scalability, and high cost o...

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Main Authors: Krishnan, Illayaraja, Chan, Alvin Man Lung, Law, Jia Xian, Ng, Min Hwei, Jayapalan, Jaime Jacqueline, Lokanathan, Yogeswaran
Format: Article
Published: MDPI 2024
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Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/46959/
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105340
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spelling my.um.eprints.469592025-01-13T01:17:12Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/46959/ Proteomic Analysis of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review Krishnan, Illayaraja Chan, Alvin Man Lung Law, Jia Xian Ng, Min Hwei Jayapalan, Jaime Jacqueline Lokanathan, Yogeswaran R Medicine (General) Numerous challenges remain within conventional cell-based therapy despite the growing trend of stem cells used to treat various life-debilitating diseases. These limitations include batch-to-batch heterogeneity, induced alloreactivity, cell survival and integration, poor scalability, and high cost of treatment, thus hindering successful translation from lab to bedside. However, recent pioneering technology has enabled the isolation and enrichment of small extracellular vesicles (EVs), canonically known as exosomes. EVs are described as a membrane-enclosed cargo of functional biomolecules not limited to lipids, nucleic acid, and proteins. Interestingly, studies have correlated the biological role of MSC-EVs to the paracrine activity of MSCs. This key evidence has led to rigorous studies on MSC-EVs as an acellular alternative. Using EVs as a therapy was proposed as a model leading to improvements through increased safety; enhanced bioavailability due to size and permeability; reduced heterogeneity by selective and quantifiable properties; and prolonged shelf-life via long-term freezing or lyophilization. Yet, the identity and potency of EVs are still relatively unknown due to various methods of preparation and to qualify the final product. This is reflected by the absence of regulatory strategies overseeing manufacturing, quality control, clinical implementation, and product registration. In this review, the authors review the various production processes and the proteomic profile of MSC-EVs. MDPI 2024-05 Article PeerReviewed Krishnan, Illayaraja and Chan, Alvin Man Lung and Law, Jia Xian and Ng, Min Hwei and Jayapalan, Jaime Jacqueline and Lokanathan, Yogeswaran (2024) Proteomic Analysis of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25 (10). p. 5340. ISSN 1661-6596, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105340 <https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105340>. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105340 10.3390/ijms25105340
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic R Medicine (General)
spellingShingle R Medicine (General)
Krishnan, Illayaraja
Chan, Alvin Man Lung
Law, Jia Xian
Ng, Min Hwei
Jayapalan, Jaime Jacqueline
Lokanathan, Yogeswaran
Proteomic Analysis of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review
description Numerous challenges remain within conventional cell-based therapy despite the growing trend of stem cells used to treat various life-debilitating diseases. These limitations include batch-to-batch heterogeneity, induced alloreactivity, cell survival and integration, poor scalability, and high cost of treatment, thus hindering successful translation from lab to bedside. However, recent pioneering technology has enabled the isolation and enrichment of small extracellular vesicles (EVs), canonically known as exosomes. EVs are described as a membrane-enclosed cargo of functional biomolecules not limited to lipids, nucleic acid, and proteins. Interestingly, studies have correlated the biological role of MSC-EVs to the paracrine activity of MSCs. This key evidence has led to rigorous studies on MSC-EVs as an acellular alternative. Using EVs as a therapy was proposed as a model leading to improvements through increased safety; enhanced bioavailability due to size and permeability; reduced heterogeneity by selective and quantifiable properties; and prolonged shelf-life via long-term freezing or lyophilization. Yet, the identity and potency of EVs are still relatively unknown due to various methods of preparation and to qualify the final product. This is reflected by the absence of regulatory strategies overseeing manufacturing, quality control, clinical implementation, and product registration. In this review, the authors review the various production processes and the proteomic profile of MSC-EVs.
format Article
author Krishnan, Illayaraja
Chan, Alvin Man Lung
Law, Jia Xian
Ng, Min Hwei
Jayapalan, Jaime Jacqueline
Lokanathan, Yogeswaran
author_facet Krishnan, Illayaraja
Chan, Alvin Man Lung
Law, Jia Xian
Ng, Min Hwei
Jayapalan, Jaime Jacqueline
Lokanathan, Yogeswaran
author_sort Krishnan, Illayaraja
title Proteomic Analysis of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review
title_short Proteomic Analysis of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review
title_full Proteomic Analysis of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Proteomic Analysis of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Proteomic Analysis of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review
title_sort proteomic analysis of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: a systematic review
publisher MDPI
publishDate 2024
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/46959/
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105340
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score 13.226497