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Exploring the urban form and compactness: A case study of Multan, Pakistan

Sustainable development has become an immense challenge, one further complicated by rapid population growth in developing countries. Therefore, analyzing the existing compactness of urban areas is essential for guiding future urban development. Most of the previous research on urban compactness has...

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Main Authors:	Nadeem, Muhammad, Khaliq, Nayab, Akhtar, Naseem, Al-Rashid, Muhammad Ahmad, Asim, Muhammad, Codur, Merve Kayaci, Mustafaraj, Enea, Codur, Muhammed Yasin, Baig, Farrukh
Format:	Article
Published:	MDPI 2022
Subjects:	GE Environmental Sciences NA Architecture
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/46135/ https://doi.org/110.3390/su142316066
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spelling	my.um.eprints.461352024-10-30T02:21:49Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/46135/ Exploring the urban form and compactness: A case study of Multan, Pakistan Nadeem, Muhammad Khaliq, Nayab Akhtar, Naseem Al-Rashid, Muhammad Ahmad Asim, Muhammad Codur, Merve Kayaci Mustafaraj, Enea Codur, Muhammed Yasin Baig, Farrukh GE Environmental Sciences NA Architecture Sustainable development has become an immense challenge, one further complicated by rapid population growth in developing countries. Therefore, analyzing the existing compactness of urban areas is essential for guiding future urban development. Most of the previous research on urban compactness has been conducted in developed countries, whereas limited research has been conducted on urban compactness in developing countries. This study fills this research gap and contributes to the current body of knowledge by offering empirical evidence of compactness measurement based on the existing urban form using Multan city as its context. Multan is a metropolitan city in the growing phase, so measuring its compactness for the promotion of sustainable development is crucial. For this research study, various indicators are adopted from the literature, such as land cover changes, density, land use, road network, congestion index, walkability index, and shape performance index, in order to evaluate compactness. The above-mentioned indicators were analyzed using ArcMap and ERDAS IMAGINE software. This study concludes that Multan city presently lies between compactness and dispersion. To achieve full compactness, highly dense vertical development with a better public transport network should be encouraged. In addition, the prevailing building regulations should be revised to increase the floor area ratio, and incentives should be devised for developers to promote vertical infill development. Moreover, there is an emerging need to formulate and implement compact city policies. By retaining the compact character of Multan city, sustainable development will be promoted. Ultimately, this research study would be a valuable resource for urban planners, decision-makers, and relevant authorities in proposing future compactness policies for sustainable development. This research can be applied to other cities with similar demographic characteristics, population, area, geographical conditions, and structure to that of Multan. MDPI 2022-12 Article PeerReviewed Nadeem, Muhammad and Khaliq, Nayab and Akhtar, Naseem and Al-Rashid, Muhammad Ahmad and Asim, Muhammad and Codur, Merve Kayaci and Mustafaraj, Enea and Codur, Muhammed Yasin and Baig, Farrukh (2022) Exploring the urban form and compactness: A case study of Multan, Pakistan. SUSTAINABILITY, 14 (23). ISSN 2071-1050, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/su142316066 <https://doi.org/10.3390/su142316066>. https://doi.org/110.3390/su142316066 10.3390/su142316066
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	GE Environmental Sciences NA Architecture
spellingShingle	GE Environmental Sciences NA Architecture Nadeem, Muhammad Khaliq, Nayab Akhtar, Naseem Al-Rashid, Muhammad Ahmad Asim, Muhammad Codur, Merve Kayaci Mustafaraj, Enea Codur, Muhammed Yasin Baig, Farrukh Exploring the urban form and compactness: A case study of Multan, Pakistan
description	Sustainable development has become an immense challenge, one further complicated by rapid population growth in developing countries. Therefore, analyzing the existing compactness of urban areas is essential for guiding future urban development. Most of the previous research on urban compactness has been conducted in developed countries, whereas limited research has been conducted on urban compactness in developing countries. This study fills this research gap and contributes to the current body of knowledge by offering empirical evidence of compactness measurement based on the existing urban form using Multan city as its context. Multan is a metropolitan city in the growing phase, so measuring its compactness for the promotion of sustainable development is crucial. For this research study, various indicators are adopted from the literature, such as land cover changes, density, land use, road network, congestion index, walkability index, and shape performance index, in order to evaluate compactness. The above-mentioned indicators were analyzed using ArcMap and ERDAS IMAGINE software. This study concludes that Multan city presently lies between compactness and dispersion. To achieve full compactness, highly dense vertical development with a better public transport network should be encouraged. In addition, the prevailing building regulations should be revised to increase the floor area ratio, and incentives should be devised for developers to promote vertical infill development. Moreover, there is an emerging need to formulate and implement compact city policies. By retaining the compact character of Multan city, sustainable development will be promoted. Ultimately, this research study would be a valuable resource for urban planners, decision-makers, and relevant authorities in proposing future compactness policies for sustainable development. This research can be applied to other cities with similar demographic characteristics, population, area, geographical conditions, and structure to that of Multan.
format	Article
author	Nadeem, Muhammad Khaliq, Nayab Akhtar, Naseem Al-Rashid, Muhammad Ahmad Asim, Muhammad Codur, Merve Kayaci Mustafaraj, Enea Codur, Muhammed Yasin Baig, Farrukh
author_facet	Nadeem, Muhammad Khaliq, Nayab Akhtar, Naseem Al-Rashid, Muhammad Ahmad Asim, Muhammad Codur, Merve Kayaci Mustafaraj, Enea Codur, Muhammed Yasin Baig, Farrukh
author_sort	Nadeem, Muhammad
title	Exploring the urban form and compactness: A case study of Multan, Pakistan
title_short	Exploring the urban form and compactness: A case study of Multan, Pakistan
title_full	Exploring the urban form and compactness: A case study of Multan, Pakistan
title_fullStr	Exploring the urban form and compactness: A case study of Multan, Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed	Exploring the urban form and compactness: A case study of Multan, Pakistan
title_sort	exploring the urban form and compactness: a case study of multan, pakistan
publisher	MDPI
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/46135/ https://doi.org/110.3390/su142316066
_version_	1814933254044647424
score	13.211869

Exploring the urban form and compactness: A case study of Multan, Pakistan

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