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Immunoreactivity and neutralization efficacy of Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) against venoms of Saw-scaled Vipers (Echis carinatus subspp.) and Western Russell's Vipers (Daboia russelii) from the Indian subcontinent

Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a priority Neglected Tropical Disease listed by the World Health Organization. South Asia is heavily affected, and virtually all countries in the region import polyvalent antivenom products from India for clinical use. The imported antivenoms, however, have suboptimal e...

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Main Authors: Lim, Andy Shing Seng, Tan, Kae Yi, Tan, Choo Hock
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier 2024
Subjects:
R Medicine (General)
RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/45924/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107099
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spelling my.um.eprints.459242024-11-14T05:26:43Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/45924/ Immunoreactivity and neutralization efficacy of Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) against venoms of Saw-scaled Vipers (Echis carinatus subspp.) and Western Russell's Vipers (Daboia russelii) from the Indian subcontinent Lim, Andy Shing Seng Tan, Kae Yi Tan, Choo Hock R Medicine (General) RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a priority Neglected Tropical Disease listed by the World Health Organization. South Asia is heavily affected, and virtually all countries in the region import polyvalent antivenom products from India for clinical use. The imported antivenoms, however, have suboptimal effectiveness due to geographical venom variation. Recently, a domestic bivalent product, named Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) has been developed specifically for Pakistani vipers, Echis carinatus sochureki and Daboia russelii. As a bivalent viperid antivenom, it is unknown yet if PVAV exhibits higher immunological binding and neutralization activities against viper venoms from distant locales compared with polyvalent antivenoms manufactured in India. This study thus examined the preclinical efficacy of PVAV against venoms of Western Russell's Vipers and Sawscaled Viper subspecies from selected locales in the Indian subcontinent. PVAV generally outperformed the commonly used VINS polyvalent antivenom (VPAV, manufactured in India) in binding toward venoms, and showed superior or comparable neutralization efficacy against the venom procoagulant and hemorrhagic effects of Saw -scaled Vipers as well as Russell's Vipers from Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Based on normalized potency values, PVAV is far more potent than VPAV in neutralizing the lethality of all viper venoms, except that of the Indian Russell's Viper. The study shows conserved antigenicity of toxins responsible for major toxicity across these viperid venoms, and suggests the feasible production of a viper -specific antivenom with higher potency and broader geographical utility for the region. Elsevier 2024-02 Article PeerReviewed Lim, Andy Shing Seng and Tan, Kae Yi and Tan, Choo Hock (2024) Immunoreactivity and neutralization efficacy of Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) against venoms of Saw-scaled Vipers (Echis carinatus subspp.) and Western Russell's Vipers (Daboia russelii) from the Indian subcontinent. Acta Tropica, 250. p. 107099. ISSN 0001-706X, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107099 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107099>. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107099 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107099
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic R Medicine (General)
RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
spellingShingle R Medicine (General)
RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Lim, Andy Shing Seng
Tan, Kae Yi
Tan, Choo Hock
Immunoreactivity and neutralization efficacy of Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) against venoms of Saw-scaled Vipers (Echis carinatus subspp.) and Western Russell's Vipers (Daboia russelii) from the Indian subcontinent
description Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a priority Neglected Tropical Disease listed by the World Health Organization. South Asia is heavily affected, and virtually all countries in the region import polyvalent antivenom products from India for clinical use. The imported antivenoms, however, have suboptimal effectiveness due to geographical venom variation. Recently, a domestic bivalent product, named Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) has been developed specifically for Pakistani vipers, Echis carinatus sochureki and Daboia russelii. As a bivalent viperid antivenom, it is unknown yet if PVAV exhibits higher immunological binding and neutralization activities against viper venoms from distant locales compared with polyvalent antivenoms manufactured in India. This study thus examined the preclinical efficacy of PVAV against venoms of Western Russell's Vipers and Sawscaled Viper subspecies from selected locales in the Indian subcontinent. PVAV generally outperformed the commonly used VINS polyvalent antivenom (VPAV, manufactured in India) in binding toward venoms, and showed superior or comparable neutralization efficacy against the venom procoagulant and hemorrhagic effects of Saw -scaled Vipers as well as Russell's Vipers from Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Based on normalized potency values, PVAV is far more potent than VPAV in neutralizing the lethality of all viper venoms, except that of the Indian Russell's Viper. The study shows conserved antigenicity of toxins responsible for major toxicity across these viperid venoms, and suggests the feasible production of a viper -specific antivenom with higher potency and broader geographical utility for the region.
format Article
author Lim, Andy Shing Seng
Tan, Kae Yi
Tan, Choo Hock
author_facet Lim, Andy Shing Seng
Tan, Kae Yi
Tan, Choo Hock
author_sort Lim, Andy Shing Seng
title Immunoreactivity and neutralization efficacy of Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) against venoms of Saw-scaled Vipers (Echis carinatus subspp.) and Western Russell's Vipers (Daboia russelii) from the Indian subcontinent
title_short Immunoreactivity and neutralization efficacy of Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) against venoms of Saw-scaled Vipers (Echis carinatus subspp.) and Western Russell's Vipers (Daboia russelii) from the Indian subcontinent
title_full Immunoreactivity and neutralization efficacy of Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) against venoms of Saw-scaled Vipers (Echis carinatus subspp.) and Western Russell's Vipers (Daboia russelii) from the Indian subcontinent
title_fullStr Immunoreactivity and neutralization efficacy of Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) against venoms of Saw-scaled Vipers (Echis carinatus subspp.) and Western Russell's Vipers (Daboia russelii) from the Indian subcontinent
title_full_unstemmed Immunoreactivity and neutralization efficacy of Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV) against venoms of Saw-scaled Vipers (Echis carinatus subspp.) and Western Russell's Vipers (Daboia russelii) from the Indian subcontinent
title_sort immunoreactivity and neutralization efficacy of pakistani viper antivenom (pvav) against venoms of saw-scaled vipers (echis carinatus subspp.) and western russell's vipers (daboia russelii) from the indian subcontinent
publisher Elsevier
publishDate 2024
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/45924/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107099
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score 13.222552

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