Staff View: Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive

Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive

The primary issue with joining an immiscible magnesium/iron system is the lack of a bonding medium. This research used an aluminium (Al) additive as a bonding medium to facilitate the formation of an interface layer. Immiscible AZ31 magnesium alloy and SPHC low-carbon steel were successfully joined...

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Main Authors:	Raja, Sufian, Yusof, Farazila, Muhamad, Mohd Ridha, Mansor, Muhammad Safwan Mohd, Juri, Azib, Wu, Bo, Jamaludin, Mohd Fadzil, Ansari, Nooruddin, Ren, James
Format:	Article
Published:	Elsevier 2024
Subjects:	Q Science (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/45272/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.05.249
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spelling	my.um.eprints.452722024-09-30T07:18:34Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/45272/ Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive Raja, Sufian Yusof, Farazila Muhamad, Mohd Ridha Mansor, Muhammad Safwan Mohd Juri, Azib Wu, Bo Jamaludin, Mohd Fadzil Ansari, Nooruddin Ren, James Q Science (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery The primary issue with joining an immiscible magnesium/iron system is the lack of a bonding medium. This research used an aluminium (Al) additive as a bonding medium to facilitate the formation of an interface layer. Immiscible AZ31 magnesium alloy and SPHC low-carbon steel were successfully joined by employing aluminium (Al) powder as an additive in the gap between them with friction stir welding (FSW). The extensive interfacial microstructural analyses confirmed that the aluminium-rich Fe2Al5 intermetallic compound (IMC) formed with a range of 20-25 nm in thickness at the interface between magnesium and iron resulted from the metallurgical reaction between the Al powder additive and base SPHC steel. This IMC phase served as a transitional layer, facilitating the metallurgical bonding between Magnesium and Iron. The tensile strength of the joint was significantly improved by 43%, from 126 MPa without the additive to 180 MPa using the aluminium additive. The formation of the following well-matched interface lattice sites between Fe and Fe2Al5 region was identified: (002)Fe2Al5//(110)Fe, 110]Fe2Al5//1 13]Fe. The intermetallic Fe2Al5 was composed of nanocrystalline and amorphous interface layers. Furthermore, the fracture of the joint occurred at the interface, indicating a brittle mode of fracture behaviour. Elsevier 2024-05 Article PeerReviewed Raja, Sufian and Yusof, Farazila and Muhamad, Mohd Ridha and Mansor, Muhammad Safwan Mohd and Juri, Azib and Wu, Bo and Jamaludin, Mohd Fadzil and Ansari, Nooruddin and Ren, James (2024) Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive. Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T, 30. pp. 9102-9114. ISSN 2238-7854, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.05.249 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.05.249>. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.05.249 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.05.249
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	Q Science (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
spellingShingle	Q Science (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Raja, Sufian Yusof, Farazila Muhamad, Mohd Ridha Mansor, Muhammad Safwan Mohd Juri, Azib Wu, Bo Jamaludin, Mohd Fadzil Ansari, Nooruddin Ren, James Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive
description	The primary issue with joining an immiscible magnesium/iron system is the lack of a bonding medium. This research used an aluminium (Al) additive as a bonding medium to facilitate the formation of an interface layer. Immiscible AZ31 magnesium alloy and SPHC low-carbon steel were successfully joined by employing aluminium (Al) powder as an additive in the gap between them with friction stir welding (FSW). The extensive interfacial microstructural analyses confirmed that the aluminium-rich Fe2Al5 intermetallic compound (IMC) formed with a range of 20-25 nm in thickness at the interface between magnesium and iron resulted from the metallurgical reaction between the Al powder additive and base SPHC steel. This IMC phase served as a transitional layer, facilitating the metallurgical bonding between Magnesium and Iron. The tensile strength of the joint was significantly improved by 43%, from 126 MPa without the additive to 180 MPa using the aluminium additive. The formation of the following well-matched interface lattice sites between Fe and Fe2Al5 region was identified: (002)Fe2Al5//(110)Fe, 110]Fe2Al5//1 13]Fe. The intermetallic Fe2Al5 was composed of nanocrystalline and amorphous interface layers. Furthermore, the fracture of the joint occurred at the interface, indicating a brittle mode of fracture behaviour.
format	Article
author	Raja, Sufian Yusof, Farazila Muhamad, Mohd Ridha Mansor, Muhammad Safwan Mohd Juri, Azib Wu, Bo Jamaludin, Mohd Fadzil Ansari, Nooruddin Ren, James
author_facet	Raja, Sufian Yusof, Farazila Muhamad, Mohd Ridha Mansor, Muhammad Safwan Mohd Juri, Azib Wu, Bo Jamaludin, Mohd Fadzil Ansari, Nooruddin Ren, James
author_sort	Raja, Sufian
title	Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive
title_short	Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive
title_full	Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive
title_fullStr	Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive
title_full_unstemmed	Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive
title_sort	formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible az31 and sphc steel using aluminium powder as an additive
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2024
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/45272/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.05.249
_version_	1811682112089096192
score	13.211869

Formation and influencing mechanism of the intermetallic compound in the friction stir welding of immiscible AZ31 and SPHC steel using aluminium powder as an additive

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