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Effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils

The purpose of this study to examines the effect of differences between intervention programs using basic water confidence, flexibility, and freestyle swimming techniques on freestyle swimming skills. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. There were three groups in this study, namely two...

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Main Authors:	Kauki, Manil Kara, Prasetyo, Yudik, Rismayanthi, Cerika, Asmuddin, -, Saman, Abdul, Razali, Muhammad Nazim, Mustapha, Aida, Syed Ali, Syed Kamaruzaman, Zulnaidi, Hutkemri, Sutapa, Panggung, Hardianto, Deni, Auliana, Rizqie, Utami, Danarstuti, Astuti, Ari Tri, Utami, Desy Yunita, Riyana, Ardi, Amran, -, Pratama, Kukuh Wahyudin, Trisnadi, Reza Adityas
Format:	Article
Published:	Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica 2024
Subjects:	LB1501 Primary Education
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/45046/
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spelling	my.um.eprints.450462024-03-14T07:54:51Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/45046/ Effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils Kauki, Manil Kara Prasetyo, Yudik Rismayanthi, Cerika Asmuddin, - Saman, Abdul Razali, Muhammad Nazim Mustapha, Aida Syed Ali, Syed Kamaruzaman Zulnaidi, Hutkemri Sutapa, Panggung Hardianto, Deni Auliana, Rizqie Utami, Danarstuti Astuti, Ari Tri Utami, Desy Yunita Riyana, Ardi Amran, - Pratama, Kukuh Wahyudin Trisnadi, Reza Adityas LB1501 Primary Education The purpose of this study to examines the effect of differences between intervention programs using basic water confidence, flexibility, and freestyle swimming techniques on freestyle swimming skills. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. There were three groups in this study, namely two experimental groups and one control group. The number of participants in the three groups was 90 people where they were carried out pre-test and post-test on freestyle swimming skills. The data analysis used is inferential testing, Covariance Analysis (ANCOVA), Assumption of Homogeneity of Variance, Data Normality Test and Statistical Assumption Test (T-test paired samples). Results. From the pre-test and post-test scores, ANCOVA results show that the effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and freestyle swimming technique is significant on freestyle swimming skills at a good level. Next, a paired sample t-test was conducted, the results of the flexibility exercise with the highest score, while the group with the basic water confidence exercise got a pretty good score, although not as high as the score achieved by the group that did the flexibility exercise. While the scores with practice with freestyle swimming techniques did not show a significant effect on freestyle swimming skills. Conclusions. Thus, the findings prove that training with water-based confidence and flexibility has been shown to improve freestyle swimming skills in elementary school students. However, when this form of exercise must be applied in the appropriate order, starting with flexibility exercises, basic water confidence, and freestyle swimming technique to achieve freestyle swimming skills in elementary school students. © 2024 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved. Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica 2024 Article PeerReviewed Kauki, Manil Kara and Prasetyo, Yudik and Rismayanthi, Cerika and Asmuddin, - and Saman, Abdul and Razali, Muhammad Nazim and Mustapha, Aida and Syed Ali, Syed Kamaruzaman and Zulnaidi, Hutkemri and Sutapa, Panggung and Hardianto, Deni and Auliana, Rizqie and Utami, Danarstuti and Astuti, Ari Tri and Utami, Desy Yunita and Riyana, Ardi and Amran, - and Pratama, Kukuh Wahyudin and Trisnadi, Reza Adityas (2024) Effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils. Retos, 51. 1415 – 1423. ISSN 1579-1726, DOI https://doi.org/10.47197/RETOS.V51.101599 <https://doi.org/10.47197/RETOS.V51.101599>. 10.47197/RETOS.V51.101599
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	LB1501 Primary Education
spellingShingle	LB1501 Primary Education Kauki, Manil Kara Prasetyo, Yudik Rismayanthi, Cerika Asmuddin, - Saman, Abdul Razali, Muhammad Nazim Mustapha, Aida Syed Ali, Syed Kamaruzaman Zulnaidi, Hutkemri Sutapa, Panggung Hardianto, Deni Auliana, Rizqie Utami, Danarstuti Astuti, Ari Tri Utami, Desy Yunita Riyana, Ardi Amran, - Pratama, Kukuh Wahyudin Trisnadi, Reza Adityas Effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils
description	The purpose of this study to examines the effect of differences between intervention programs using basic water confidence, flexibility, and freestyle swimming techniques on freestyle swimming skills. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. There were three groups in this study, namely two experimental groups and one control group. The number of participants in the three groups was 90 people where they were carried out pre-test and post-test on freestyle swimming skills. The data analysis used is inferential testing, Covariance Analysis (ANCOVA), Assumption of Homogeneity of Variance, Data Normality Test and Statistical Assumption Test (T-test paired samples). Results. From the pre-test and post-test scores, ANCOVA results show that the effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and freestyle swimming technique is significant on freestyle swimming skills at a good level. Next, a paired sample t-test was conducted, the results of the flexibility exercise with the highest score, while the group with the basic water confidence exercise got a pretty good score, although not as high as the score achieved by the group that did the flexibility exercise. While the scores with practice with freestyle swimming techniques did not show a significant effect on freestyle swimming skills. Conclusions. Thus, the findings prove that training with water-based confidence and flexibility has been shown to improve freestyle swimming skills in elementary school students. However, when this form of exercise must be applied in the appropriate order, starting with flexibility exercises, basic water confidence, and freestyle swimming technique to achieve freestyle swimming skills in elementary school students. © 2024 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved.
format	Article
author	Kauki, Manil Kara Prasetyo, Yudik Rismayanthi, Cerika Asmuddin, - Saman, Abdul Razali, Muhammad Nazim Mustapha, Aida Syed Ali, Syed Kamaruzaman Zulnaidi, Hutkemri Sutapa, Panggung Hardianto, Deni Auliana, Rizqie Utami, Danarstuti Astuti, Ari Tri Utami, Desy Yunita Riyana, Ardi Amran, - Pratama, Kukuh Wahyudin Trisnadi, Reza Adityas
author_facet	Kauki, Manil Kara Prasetyo, Yudik Rismayanthi, Cerika Asmuddin, - Saman, Abdul Razali, Muhammad Nazim Mustapha, Aida Syed Ali, Syed Kamaruzaman Zulnaidi, Hutkemri Sutapa, Panggung Hardianto, Deni Auliana, Rizqie Utami, Danarstuti Astuti, Ari Tri Utami, Desy Yunita Riyana, Ardi Amran, - Pratama, Kukuh Wahyudin Trisnadi, Reza Adityas
author_sort	Kauki, Manil Kara
title	Effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils
title_short	Effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils
title_full	Effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils
title_fullStr	Effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils
title_sort	effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils
publisher	Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica
publishDate	2024
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/45046/
_version_	1794548708252057600
score	13.211869

Effect of basic water confidence, flexibility, and technique on freestyle swimming skill among elementary school pupils

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