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Bismuth as efficient sintering aid for TiO2-based low temperature dye sensitized solar cell

Flexible dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) developed at low temperature with low conversion efficiency due to the poor interparticle contact and charge transfer has limited their further development. In this research, bismuth (Bi) nanoparticles were implemented as titanium dioxide (TiO2) photoanode s...

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Main Authors: Khir, Hazim, Pandey, A. K., Saidur, R., Ahmad, Muhammad Shakeel, Samykano, M., Abd Rahim, Nasrudin
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier 2024
Subjects:
TP Chemical technology
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/44308/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2023.107918
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spelling my.um.eprints.443082024-07-05T03:19:10Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/44308/ Bismuth as efficient sintering aid for TiO2-based low temperature dye sensitized solar cell Khir, Hazim Pandey, A. K. Saidur, R. Ahmad, Muhammad Shakeel Samykano, M. Abd Rahim, Nasrudin TP Chemical technology Flexible dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) developed at low temperature with low conversion efficiency due to the poor interparticle contact and charge transfer has limited their further development. In this research, bismuth (Bi) nanoparticles were implemented as titanium dioxide (TiO2) photoanode sintering aid to combat this issue. By utilising the liquid phase sintering theory, interparticle contact of photoanode was improved due to neck formation at the TiO2-Bi matrix. This feat was achieved even at low temperature (150 degrees C and 200 degrees C) because Bi have a low melting point of 271.5 degrees C. The charge transfer was also found to have increased while the resistance lowered with the implementation of Bi from the plasmonic effects of Bi nanoparticles. The highest conversion efficiency was obtained at 7.93 % for the TiO2-5wt% Bi sample sintered at 200 degrees C. The efficiency was 2%-16 % higher than controlled DSSC samples prepared at high temperature (450 degrees C). The improvement in interparticle contact due to neck formation and enhanced charge transfer with reduced recombination reactions was attrib-uted as the reason for the superior performance. Increasing the Bi composition even further caused reduction in the efficiency due to layer cracking and electron trapping sites from high amount of Bi. Elsevier 2024-01 Article PeerReviewed Khir, Hazim and Pandey, A. K. and Saidur, R. and Ahmad, Muhammad Shakeel and Samykano, M. and Abd Rahim, Nasrudin (2024) Bismuth as efficient sintering aid for TiO2-based low temperature dye sensitized solar cell. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 169. ISSN 1369-8001, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2023.107918 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2023.107918>. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2023.107918 10.1016/j.mssp.2023.107918
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Khir, Hazim
Pandey, A. K.
Saidur, R.
Ahmad, Muhammad Shakeel
Samykano, M.
Abd Rahim, Nasrudin
Bismuth as efficient sintering aid for TiO2-based low temperature dye sensitized solar cell
description Flexible dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) developed at low temperature with low conversion efficiency due to the poor interparticle contact and charge transfer has limited their further development. In this research, bismuth (Bi) nanoparticles were implemented as titanium dioxide (TiO2) photoanode sintering aid to combat this issue. By utilising the liquid phase sintering theory, interparticle contact of photoanode was improved due to neck formation at the TiO2-Bi matrix. This feat was achieved even at low temperature (150 degrees C and 200 degrees C) because Bi have a low melting point of 271.5 degrees C. The charge transfer was also found to have increased while the resistance lowered with the implementation of Bi from the plasmonic effects of Bi nanoparticles. The highest conversion efficiency was obtained at 7.93 % for the TiO2-5wt% Bi sample sintered at 200 degrees C. The efficiency was 2%-16 % higher than controlled DSSC samples prepared at high temperature (450 degrees C). The improvement in interparticle contact due to neck formation and enhanced charge transfer with reduced recombination reactions was attrib-uted as the reason for the superior performance. Increasing the Bi composition even further caused reduction in the efficiency due to layer cracking and electron trapping sites from high amount of Bi.
format Article
author Khir, Hazim
Pandey, A. K.
Saidur, R.
Ahmad, Muhammad Shakeel
Samykano, M.
Abd Rahim, Nasrudin
author_facet Khir, Hazim
Pandey, A. K.
Saidur, R.
Ahmad, Muhammad Shakeel
Samykano, M.
Abd Rahim, Nasrudin
author_sort Khir, Hazim
title Bismuth as efficient sintering aid for TiO2-based low temperature dye sensitized solar cell
title_short Bismuth as efficient sintering aid for TiO2-based low temperature dye sensitized solar cell
title_full Bismuth as efficient sintering aid for TiO2-based low temperature dye sensitized solar cell
title_fullStr Bismuth as efficient sintering aid for TiO2-based low temperature dye sensitized solar cell
title_full_unstemmed Bismuth as efficient sintering aid for TiO2-based low temperature dye sensitized solar cell
title_sort bismuth as efficient sintering aid for tio2-based low temperature dye sensitized solar cell
publisher Elsevier
publishDate 2024
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/44308/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2023.107918
_version_ 1805881156445405184
score 13.244414

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