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Spatial and temporal disparities of leptospirosis transmission in Sarawak (Malaysia), 2011-2018

This study is to analyse the spatial distribution of leptospirosis and identify its high and low incidence clusters in Sarawak. The annual incidence rate at the district level was calculated using confirmed report of leptospirosis cases from year 2011 to 2018. Empirical Bayes estimation smoothing of...

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Main Authors: Kira, Rosdi, Bilung, Lesley Maurice, Ngui, Romano, Apun, Kasing, Su’ut, Lela
Format: Article
Published: Universiti Malaysia Sarawak 2022
Subjects:
R Medicine
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/43924/
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spelling my.um.eprints.439242024-01-29T04:20:56Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/43924/ Spatial and temporal disparities of leptospirosis transmission in Sarawak (Malaysia), 2011-2018 Kira, Rosdi Bilung, Lesley Maurice Ngui, Romano Apun, Kasing Su’ut, Lela R Medicine This study is to analyse the spatial distribution of leptospirosis and identify its high and low incidence clusters in Sarawak. The annual incidence rate at the district level was calculated using confirmed report of leptospirosis cases from year 2011 to 2018. Empirical Bayes estimation smoothing of relative risks was used to display the spatial distribution of leptospirosis across the study region. Moran's Global Index and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) were used to analyse the existence of global and local spatial autocorrelation. Data were analysed using ArcGIS and Geoda software at the district level. The annualised average incidence reported during the study period was 20.83 per 100,000 population, with the highest cases reported in year 2018 (n = 870). The Global Moran's Index revealed spatial clustering of leptospirosis incidence in 2012 (Moran's I: 0.23), 2013 (Moran's I: 0.33), and 2014 (Moran's I: 0.45), while 2011 (Moran's I:-0.01), 2015 and 2016 (Moran's I: 0.09), 2017 (Moran's I: 0.13), and 2018 (Moran's I: 0.04) showed random patterns. High incidence clusters of leptospirosis were primarily congested in the Southeast of Sarawak, involving districts such as Kapit, Belaga, Song, Tatau and Lubok Antu. Spatial and temporal patterns of leptospirosis incidence were heterogeneous across Sarawak. This study facilitates the implementation of targeted interventions and control measures for leptospirosis in Sarawak by identifying spatial cluster and outliers. © 2022, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. All rights reserved. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak 2022 Article PeerReviewed Kira, Rosdi and Bilung, Lesley Maurice and Ngui, Romano and Apun, Kasing and Su’ut, Lela (2022) Spatial and temporal disparities of leptospirosis transmission in Sarawak (Malaysia), 2011-2018. Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology, 12 (2). 1 – 10. ISSN 2229-9769, DOI https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.4456.2022 <https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.4456.2022>. 10.33736/bjrst.4456.2022
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic R Medicine
spellingShingle R Medicine
Kira, Rosdi
Bilung, Lesley Maurice
Ngui, Romano
Apun, Kasing
Su’ut, Lela
Spatial and temporal disparities of leptospirosis transmission in Sarawak (Malaysia), 2011-2018
description This study is to analyse the spatial distribution of leptospirosis and identify its high and low incidence clusters in Sarawak. The annual incidence rate at the district level was calculated using confirmed report of leptospirosis cases from year 2011 to 2018. Empirical Bayes estimation smoothing of relative risks was used to display the spatial distribution of leptospirosis across the study region. Moran's Global Index and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) were used to analyse the existence of global and local spatial autocorrelation. Data were analysed using ArcGIS and Geoda software at the district level. The annualised average incidence reported during the study period was 20.83 per 100,000 population, with the highest cases reported in year 2018 (n = 870). The Global Moran's Index revealed spatial clustering of leptospirosis incidence in 2012 (Moran's I: 0.23), 2013 (Moran's I: 0.33), and 2014 (Moran's I: 0.45), while 2011 (Moran's I:-0.01), 2015 and 2016 (Moran's I: 0.09), 2017 (Moran's I: 0.13), and 2018 (Moran's I: 0.04) showed random patterns. High incidence clusters of leptospirosis were primarily congested in the Southeast of Sarawak, involving districts such as Kapit, Belaga, Song, Tatau and Lubok Antu. Spatial and temporal patterns of leptospirosis incidence were heterogeneous across Sarawak. This study facilitates the implementation of targeted interventions and control measures for leptospirosis in Sarawak by identifying spatial cluster and outliers. © 2022, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. All rights reserved.
format Article
author Kira, Rosdi
Bilung, Lesley Maurice
Ngui, Romano
Apun, Kasing
Su’ut, Lela
author_facet Kira, Rosdi
Bilung, Lesley Maurice
Ngui, Romano
Apun, Kasing
Su’ut, Lela
author_sort Kira, Rosdi
title Spatial and temporal disparities of leptospirosis transmission in Sarawak (Malaysia), 2011-2018
title_short Spatial and temporal disparities of leptospirosis transmission in Sarawak (Malaysia), 2011-2018
title_full Spatial and temporal disparities of leptospirosis transmission in Sarawak (Malaysia), 2011-2018
title_fullStr Spatial and temporal disparities of leptospirosis transmission in Sarawak (Malaysia), 2011-2018
title_full_unstemmed Spatial and temporal disparities of leptospirosis transmission in Sarawak (Malaysia), 2011-2018
title_sort spatial and temporal disparities of leptospirosis transmission in sarawak (malaysia), 2011-2018
publisher Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
publishDate 2022
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/43924/
_version_ 1789424631404298240
score 13.211869

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