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A low-cost multistage Cascaded adaptive filter configuration for noise reduction in Phonocardiogram signal

Phonocardiogram (PCG), the graphic recording of heart signals, is analyzed to determine the cardiac mechanical function. In the recording of PCG signals, the major problem encountered is the corruption by surrounding noise signals. The noise-corrupted signal cannot be analyzed and used for advanced...

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Main Authors: Pauline, S. Hannah, Dhanalakshmi, Samiappan, Kumar, R., Narayanamoorthi, R., Lai, Khin Wee
Format: Article
Published: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2022
Subjects:
Q Science (General)
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/42862/
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spelling my.um.eprints.428622023-10-06T07:33:31Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/42862/ A low-cost multistage Cascaded adaptive filter configuration for noise reduction in Phonocardiogram signal Pauline, S. Hannah Dhanalakshmi, Samiappan Kumar, R. Narayanamoorthi, R. Lai, Khin Wee Q Science (General) Phonocardiogram (PCG), the graphic recording of heart signals, is analyzed to determine the cardiac mechanical function. In the recording of PCG signals, the major problem encountered is the corruption by surrounding noise signals. The noise-corrupted signal cannot be analyzed and used for advanced processing. Therefore, there is a need to denoise these signals before being employed for further processing. Adaptive Noise Cancellers are best suited for signal denoising applications and can efficiently recover the corrupted PCG signal. This paper introduces an optimal adaptive filter structure using a Sign Error LMS algorithm to estimate a noise-free signal with high accuracy. In the proposed filter structure, a noisy signal is passed through a multistage cascaded adaptive filter structure. The number of stages to be cascaded and the step size for each stage are adjusted automatically. The proposed Variable Stage Cascaded Sign Error LMS (SELMS) adaptive filter model is tested for denoising the fetal PCG signal taken from the SUFHS database and corrupted by Gaussian and colored pink noise signals of different input SNR levels. The proposed filter model is also tested for pathological PCG signals in the presence of Gaussian noise. The simulation results prove that the proposed filter model performs remarkably well and provides 8-10 dB higher SNR values in a Gaussian noise environment and 2-3 dB higher SNR values in the presence of colored noise than the existing cascaded LMS filter models. The MSE values are improved by 75-80% in the case of Gaussian noise. Further, the correlation between the clean signal and its estimate after denoising is more than 0.99. The PSNR values are improved by 7 dB in a Gaussian noise environment and 1-2 dB in the presence of pink noise. The advantage of using the SELMS adaptive filter in the proposed filter model is that it offers a cost-effective hardware implementation of Adaptive Noise Canceller with high accuracy. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2022-04 Article PeerReviewed Pauline, S. Hannah and Dhanalakshmi, Samiappan and Kumar, R. and Narayanamoorthi, R. and Lai, Khin Wee (2022) A low-cost multistage Cascaded adaptive filter configuration for noise reduction in Phonocardiogram signal. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2022. ISSN 2040-2295, DOI https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3039624 <https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3039624>. 10.1155/2022/3039624
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic Q Science (General)
spellingShingle Q Science (General)
Pauline, S. Hannah
Dhanalakshmi, Samiappan
Kumar, R.
Narayanamoorthi, R.
Lai, Khin Wee
A low-cost multistage Cascaded adaptive filter configuration for noise reduction in Phonocardiogram signal
description Phonocardiogram (PCG), the graphic recording of heart signals, is analyzed to determine the cardiac mechanical function. In the recording of PCG signals, the major problem encountered is the corruption by surrounding noise signals. The noise-corrupted signal cannot be analyzed and used for advanced processing. Therefore, there is a need to denoise these signals before being employed for further processing. Adaptive Noise Cancellers are best suited for signal denoising applications and can efficiently recover the corrupted PCG signal. This paper introduces an optimal adaptive filter structure using a Sign Error LMS algorithm to estimate a noise-free signal with high accuracy. In the proposed filter structure, a noisy signal is passed through a multistage cascaded adaptive filter structure. The number of stages to be cascaded and the step size for each stage are adjusted automatically. The proposed Variable Stage Cascaded Sign Error LMS (SELMS) adaptive filter model is tested for denoising the fetal PCG signal taken from the SUFHS database and corrupted by Gaussian and colored pink noise signals of different input SNR levels. The proposed filter model is also tested for pathological PCG signals in the presence of Gaussian noise. The simulation results prove that the proposed filter model performs remarkably well and provides 8-10 dB higher SNR values in a Gaussian noise environment and 2-3 dB higher SNR values in the presence of colored noise than the existing cascaded LMS filter models. The MSE values are improved by 75-80% in the case of Gaussian noise. Further, the correlation between the clean signal and its estimate after denoising is more than 0.99. The PSNR values are improved by 7 dB in a Gaussian noise environment and 1-2 dB in the presence of pink noise. The advantage of using the SELMS adaptive filter in the proposed filter model is that it offers a cost-effective hardware implementation of Adaptive Noise Canceller with high accuracy.
format Article
author Pauline, S. Hannah
Dhanalakshmi, Samiappan
Kumar, R.
Narayanamoorthi, R.
Lai, Khin Wee
author_facet Pauline, S. Hannah
Dhanalakshmi, Samiappan
Kumar, R.
Narayanamoorthi, R.
Lai, Khin Wee
author_sort Pauline, S. Hannah
title A low-cost multistage Cascaded adaptive filter configuration for noise reduction in Phonocardiogram signal
title_short A low-cost multistage Cascaded adaptive filter configuration for noise reduction in Phonocardiogram signal
title_full A low-cost multistage Cascaded adaptive filter configuration for noise reduction in Phonocardiogram signal
title_fullStr A low-cost multistage Cascaded adaptive filter configuration for noise reduction in Phonocardiogram signal
title_full_unstemmed A low-cost multistage Cascaded adaptive filter configuration for noise reduction in Phonocardiogram signal
title_sort low-cost multistage cascaded adaptive filter configuration for noise reduction in phonocardiogram signal
publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
publishDate 2022
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/42862/
_version_ 1781704654825979904
score 13.211869

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