Staff View: Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia

Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia

With the increasing demand for giant clams in the ornamental trade as well as habitat destruction of coral reefs, giant clam populations have been threatened across the Indo-Pacific. This study documents the population status and genetic diversity of giant clams in Perhentian Islands Marine Park (PM...

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Main Authors:	Lee, Li Keat, Neo, Mei Lin, Lim, Zhen Fei, Hii, Kieng Soon, Lim, Hong Chang, Chan, Albert Apollo, Gu, Haifeng, Lim, Po Teen, Leaw, Chui Pin
Format:	Article
Published:	Wiley 2022
Subjects:	GE Environmental Sciences
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/42299/
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spelling	my.um.eprints.422992023-10-09T01:14:03Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/42299/ Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia Lee, Li Keat Neo, Mei Lin Lim, Zhen Fei Hii, Kieng Soon Lim, Hong Chang Chan, Albert Apollo Gu, Haifeng Lim, Po Teen Leaw, Chui Pin GE Environmental Sciences With the increasing demand for giant clams in the ornamental trade as well as habitat destruction of coral reefs, giant clam populations have been threatened across the Indo-Pacific. This study documents the population status and genetic diversity of giant clams in Perhentian Islands Marine Park (PMP), a Marine Protected Area (MPA) on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, plus Rhu Island, an adjacent island outside the MPA. Of the 13 reef sites surveyed across an area of 11,200 m(2), two giant clam species were recorded: Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima, with average densities of 1.5 +/- 2.2 and 5.2 +/- 6.0 ind. 100 m(-2), respectively. The size-class survey revealed a higher number of T. maxima recruits (88 recruits) as compared to T. squamosa (only three recruits), suggesting a disparity in recruitment in the area. The genetic diversity of T. squamosa (n = 83) and T. maxima (n = 104) was explored using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and 16S rRNA gene markers. Interestingly, a higher genetic diversity was detected in COI than 16S for both species. No significant genetic differentiation was detected between the populations of PMP and Rhu Island, while a low but significant genetic structure was detected in both species across the sites of PMP (COI datasets, AMOVA, T. squamosa, F-CT = 0.14, P < 0.05; T. maxima, F-CT = 0.11, P < 0.05). In general, the results of this study revealed healthy giant clam populations in PMP, but the decline warrants urgent attention to integrating conservation strategies such as restoration programmes in conjunction with a sustainable giant clam fishery. Given the relatively high genetic diversity of T. maxima at Rhu Island, expansion of the current MPA is needed for better conservation coverage. Wiley 2022-06 Article PeerReviewed Lee, Li Keat and Neo, Mei Lin and Lim, Zhen Fei and Hii, Kieng Soon and Lim, Hong Chang and Chan, Albert Apollo and Gu, Haifeng and Lim, Po Teen and Leaw, Chui Pin (2022) Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia. Aquatic Conservation-Marine And Freshwater Ecosystems, 32 (6). pp. 1005-1021. ISSN 1052-7613, DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3807 <https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3807>. 10.1002/aqc.3807
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	GE Environmental Sciences
spellingShingle	GE Environmental Sciences Lee, Li Keat Neo, Mei Lin Lim, Zhen Fei Hii, Kieng Soon Lim, Hong Chang Chan, Albert Apollo Gu, Haifeng Lim, Po Teen Leaw, Chui Pin Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia
description	With the increasing demand for giant clams in the ornamental trade as well as habitat destruction of coral reefs, giant clam populations have been threatened across the Indo-Pacific. This study documents the population status and genetic diversity of giant clams in Perhentian Islands Marine Park (PMP), a Marine Protected Area (MPA) on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, plus Rhu Island, an adjacent island outside the MPA. Of the 13 reef sites surveyed across an area of 11,200 m(2), two giant clam species were recorded: Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima, with average densities of 1.5 +/- 2.2 and 5.2 +/- 6.0 ind. 100 m(-2), respectively. The size-class survey revealed a higher number of T. maxima recruits (88 recruits) as compared to T. squamosa (only three recruits), suggesting a disparity in recruitment in the area. The genetic diversity of T. squamosa (n = 83) and T. maxima (n = 104) was explored using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and 16S rRNA gene markers. Interestingly, a higher genetic diversity was detected in COI than 16S for both species. No significant genetic differentiation was detected between the populations of PMP and Rhu Island, while a low but significant genetic structure was detected in both species across the sites of PMP (COI datasets, AMOVA, T. squamosa, F-CT = 0.14, P < 0.05; T. maxima, F-CT = 0.11, P < 0.05). In general, the results of this study revealed healthy giant clam populations in PMP, but the decline warrants urgent attention to integrating conservation strategies such as restoration programmes in conjunction with a sustainable giant clam fishery. Given the relatively high genetic diversity of T. maxima at Rhu Island, expansion of the current MPA is needed for better conservation coverage.
format	Article
author	Lee, Li Keat Neo, Mei Lin Lim, Zhen Fei Hii, Kieng Soon Lim, Hong Chang Chan, Albert Apollo Gu, Haifeng Lim, Po Teen Leaw, Chui Pin
author_facet	Lee, Li Keat Neo, Mei Lin Lim, Zhen Fei Hii, Kieng Soon Lim, Hong Chang Chan, Albert Apollo Gu, Haifeng Lim, Po Teen Leaw, Chui Pin
author_sort	Lee, Li Keat
title	Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia
title_short	Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia
title_full	Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia
title_fullStr	Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia
title_sort	population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (tridacna squamosa and tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of perhentian islands, malaysia
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/42299/
_version_	1781704624189734912
score	13.251813

Population status and genetic diversity of two endangered giant clams (Tridacna squamosa and Tridacna maxima) on the fringing reefs of Perhentian Islands, Malaysia

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