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Autologous platelet-rich growth factor reduces M1 macrophages and modulates inflammatory microenvironments to promote sciatic nerve regeneration

The failure of peripheral nerve regeneration is often associated with the inability to generate a permissive molecular and cellular microenvironment for nerve repair. Autologous therapies, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or its derivative platelet-rich growth factors (PRGF), may improve periphera...

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Main Authors: Yadav, Anjali, Ramasamy, Thamil Selvee, Lin, Sheng-Che, Chen, Szu-Han, Lu, Jean, Liu, Ya-Hsin, Lu, Fu-, Hsueh, Yuan-Yu, Lin, Shau-Ping, Wu, Chia-Ching
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Published: MDPI 2022
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R Medicine
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/41407/
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spelling my.um.eprints.414072023-09-21T09:01:54Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/41407/ Autologous platelet-rich growth factor reduces M1 macrophages and modulates inflammatory microenvironments to promote sciatic nerve regeneration Yadav, Anjali Ramasamy, Thamil Selvee Lin, Sheng-Che Chen, Szu-Han Lu, Jean Liu, Ya-Hsin Lu, Fu- Hsueh, Yuan-Yu Lin, Shau-Ping Wu, Chia-Ching R Medicine The failure of peripheral nerve regeneration is often associated with the inability to generate a permissive molecular and cellular microenvironment for nerve repair. Autologous therapies, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or its derivative platelet-rich growth factors (PRGF), may improve peripheral nerve regeneration via unknown mechanistic roles and actions in macrophage polarization. In the current study, we hypothesize that excessive and prolonged inflammation might result in the failure of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage transit to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in large nerve defects. PRGF was used in vitro at the time the unpolarized macrophages (M0) macrophages were induced to M1 macrophages to observe if PRGF altered the secretion of cytokines and resulted in a phenotypic change. PRGF was also employed in the nerve conduit of a rat sciatic nerve transection model to identify alterations in macrophages that might influence excessive inflammation and nerve regeneration. PRGF administration reduced the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and IL-6 in M0 macrophages. Increased CD206 substantiated the shift of pro-inflammatory cytokines to the M2 regenerative macrophage. Administration of PRGF in the nerve conduit after rat sciatic nerve transection promoted nerve regeneration by improving nerve gross morphology and its targeted gastrocnemius muscle mass. The regenerative markers were increased for regrown axons (protein gene product, PGP9.5), Schwann cells (S100 beta), and myelin basic protein (MBP) after 6 weeks of injury. The decreased expression of TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and CD68(+) M1 macrophages indicated that the inflammatory microenvironments were reduced in the PRGF-treated nerve tissue. The increase in RECA-positive cells suggested the PRGF also promoted angiogenesis during nerve regeneration. Taken together, these results indicate the potential role and clinical implication of autologous PRGF in regulating inflammatory microenvironments via macrophage polarization after nerve transection. MDPI 2022-08 Article PeerReviewed Yadav, Anjali and Ramasamy, Thamil Selvee and Lin, Sheng-Che and Chen, Szu-Han and Lu, Jean and Liu, Ya-Hsin and Lu, Fu- and Hsueh, Yuan-Yu and Lin, Shau-Ping and Wu, Chia-Ching (2022) Autologous platelet-rich growth factor reduces M1 macrophages and modulates inflammatory microenvironments to promote sciatic nerve regeneration. Biomedicines, 10 (8). ISSN 2227-9059, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10081991 <https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10081991>. 10.3390/biomedicines10081991
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic R Medicine
spellingShingle R Medicine
Yadav, Anjali
Ramasamy, Thamil Selvee
Lin, Sheng-Che
Chen, Szu-Han
Lu, Jean
Liu, Ya-Hsin
Lu, Fu-
Hsueh, Yuan-Yu
Lin, Shau-Ping
Wu, Chia-Ching
Autologous platelet-rich growth factor reduces M1 macrophages and modulates inflammatory microenvironments to promote sciatic nerve regeneration
description The failure of peripheral nerve regeneration is often associated with the inability to generate a permissive molecular and cellular microenvironment for nerve repair. Autologous therapies, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or its derivative platelet-rich growth factors (PRGF), may improve peripheral nerve regeneration via unknown mechanistic roles and actions in macrophage polarization. In the current study, we hypothesize that excessive and prolonged inflammation might result in the failure of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage transit to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in large nerve defects. PRGF was used in vitro at the time the unpolarized macrophages (M0) macrophages were induced to M1 macrophages to observe if PRGF altered the secretion of cytokines and resulted in a phenotypic change. PRGF was also employed in the nerve conduit of a rat sciatic nerve transection model to identify alterations in macrophages that might influence excessive inflammation and nerve regeneration. PRGF administration reduced the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and IL-6 in M0 macrophages. Increased CD206 substantiated the shift of pro-inflammatory cytokines to the M2 regenerative macrophage. Administration of PRGF in the nerve conduit after rat sciatic nerve transection promoted nerve regeneration by improving nerve gross morphology and its targeted gastrocnemius muscle mass. The regenerative markers were increased for regrown axons (protein gene product, PGP9.5), Schwann cells (S100 beta), and myelin basic protein (MBP) after 6 weeks of injury. The decreased expression of TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and CD68(+) M1 macrophages indicated that the inflammatory microenvironments were reduced in the PRGF-treated nerve tissue. The increase in RECA-positive cells suggested the PRGF also promoted angiogenesis during nerve regeneration. Taken together, these results indicate the potential role and clinical implication of autologous PRGF in regulating inflammatory microenvironments via macrophage polarization after nerve transection.
format Article
author Yadav, Anjali
Ramasamy, Thamil Selvee
Lin, Sheng-Che
Chen, Szu-Han
Lu, Jean
Liu, Ya-Hsin
Lu, Fu-
Hsueh, Yuan-Yu
Lin, Shau-Ping
Wu, Chia-Ching
author_facet Yadav, Anjali
Ramasamy, Thamil Selvee
Lin, Sheng-Che
Chen, Szu-Han
Lu, Jean
Liu, Ya-Hsin
Lu, Fu-
Hsueh, Yuan-Yu
Lin, Shau-Ping
Wu, Chia-Ching
author_sort Yadav, Anjali
title Autologous platelet-rich growth factor reduces M1 macrophages and modulates inflammatory microenvironments to promote sciatic nerve regeneration
title_short Autologous platelet-rich growth factor reduces M1 macrophages and modulates inflammatory microenvironments to promote sciatic nerve regeneration
title_full Autologous platelet-rich growth factor reduces M1 macrophages and modulates inflammatory microenvironments to promote sciatic nerve regeneration
title_fullStr Autologous platelet-rich growth factor reduces M1 macrophages and modulates inflammatory microenvironments to promote sciatic nerve regeneration
title_full_unstemmed Autologous platelet-rich growth factor reduces M1 macrophages and modulates inflammatory microenvironments to promote sciatic nerve regeneration
title_sort autologous platelet-rich growth factor reduces m1 macrophages and modulates inflammatory microenvironments to promote sciatic nerve regeneration
publisher MDPI
publishDate 2022
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/41407/
_version_ 1778161668560257024
score 13.211869

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