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Flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: A review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis

Flavonoids are a group of naturally occurring polyphenolic secondary metabolites which have been reported to demonstrate a wide range of pharmacological properties, most importantly, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. The relationship between hyperglycaemia and inflammation and vascular com...

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Main Authors:	Shamsudin, Nur Farisya, Ahmed, Qamar Uddin, Mahmood, Syed, Shah, Syed Adnan Ali, Sarian, Murni Nazira, Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan, Khatib, Alfi, Sabere, Awis Sukarni Mohmad, Yusoff, Yusnaini Md, Latip, Jalifah
Format:	Article
Published:	MDPI 2022
Subjects:	R Medicine
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/40867/
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spelling	my.um.eprints.408672023-09-26T03:27:48Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/40867/ Flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: A review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis Shamsudin, Nur Farisya Ahmed, Qamar Uddin Mahmood, Syed Shah, Syed Adnan Ali Sarian, Murni Nazira Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khatib, Alfi Sabere, Awis Sukarni Mohmad Yusoff, Yusnaini Md Latip, Jalifah R Medicine Flavonoids are a group of naturally occurring polyphenolic secondary metabolites which have been reported to demonstrate a wide range of pharmacological properties, most importantly, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. The relationship between hyperglycaemia and inflammation and vascular complications in diabetes is now well established. Flavonoids possessing antidiabetic properties may alleviate inflammation by reducing hyperglycaemia through different mechanisms of action. It has been suggested that the flavonoids' biochemical properties are structure-dependent; however, they are yet to be thoroughly grasped. Hence, the main aim of this review is to understand the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties of various structurally diverse flavonoids and to identify key positions responsible for the effects, their correlation, and the effect of different substitutions on both antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. The general requirement of flavonoids for exerting both anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects is found to be the presence of a C2-C3 double bond (C-ring) and hydroxyl groups at the C3', C4', C5, and C7 positions of both rings A and B of a flavonoid skeleton. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that substitution at the C3 position of a C-ring decreases the anti-inflammatory action of flavonoids while enhancing their antidiabetic activity. Correlation is discussed at length to support flavonoids possessing essential pharmacophores to demonstrate equipotent effects. The consideration of these structural features may play an important role in synthesizing better flavonoid-based drugs possessing dual antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. A meta-analysis further established the role of flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents. MDPI 2022-10 Article PeerReviewed Shamsudin, Nur Farisya and Ahmed, Qamar Uddin and Mahmood, Syed and Shah, Syed Adnan Ali and Sarian, Murni Nazira and Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan and Khatib, Alfi and Sabere, Awis Sukarni Mohmad and Yusoff, Yusnaini Md and Latip, Jalifah (2022) Flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: A review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23 (20). ISSN 1661-6596, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012605 <https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012605>. 10.3390/ijms232012605
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	R Medicine
spellingShingle	R Medicine Shamsudin, Nur Farisya Ahmed, Qamar Uddin Mahmood, Syed Shah, Syed Adnan Ali Sarian, Murni Nazira Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khatib, Alfi Sabere, Awis Sukarni Mohmad Yusoff, Yusnaini Md Latip, Jalifah Flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: A review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis
description	Flavonoids are a group of naturally occurring polyphenolic secondary metabolites which have been reported to demonstrate a wide range of pharmacological properties, most importantly, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. The relationship between hyperglycaemia and inflammation and vascular complications in diabetes is now well established. Flavonoids possessing antidiabetic properties may alleviate inflammation by reducing hyperglycaemia through different mechanisms of action. It has been suggested that the flavonoids' biochemical properties are structure-dependent; however, they are yet to be thoroughly grasped. Hence, the main aim of this review is to understand the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties of various structurally diverse flavonoids and to identify key positions responsible for the effects, their correlation, and the effect of different substitutions on both antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. The general requirement of flavonoids for exerting both anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects is found to be the presence of a C2-C3 double bond (C-ring) and hydroxyl groups at the C3', C4', C5, and C7 positions of both rings A and B of a flavonoid skeleton. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that substitution at the C3 position of a C-ring decreases the anti-inflammatory action of flavonoids while enhancing their antidiabetic activity. Correlation is discussed at length to support flavonoids possessing essential pharmacophores to demonstrate equipotent effects. The consideration of these structural features may play an important role in synthesizing better flavonoid-based drugs possessing dual antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. A meta-analysis further established the role of flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents.
format	Article
author	Shamsudin, Nur Farisya Ahmed, Qamar Uddin Mahmood, Syed Shah, Syed Adnan Ali Sarian, Murni Nazira Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khatib, Alfi Sabere, Awis Sukarni Mohmad Yusoff, Yusnaini Md Latip, Jalifah
author_facet	Shamsudin, Nur Farisya Ahmed, Qamar Uddin Mahmood, Syed Shah, Syed Adnan Ali Sarian, Murni Nazira Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khatib, Alfi Sabere, Awis Sukarni Mohmad Yusoff, Yusnaini Md Latip, Jalifah
author_sort	Shamsudin, Nur Farisya
title	Flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: A review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis
title_short	Flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: A review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis
title_full	Flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: A review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis
title_fullStr	Flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: A review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: A review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis
title_sort	flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: a review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis
publisher	MDPI
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/40867/
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score	13.211869

Flavonoids as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agents: A review on structural activity relationship-based studies and meta-analysis

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