Staff View: CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement

CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement

Radio frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) is one form of renewable energy harvesting currently seeing widespread popularity because many wireless electronic devices can coordinate their communications via RFEH, especially in CMOS technology. For RFEH, the sensitivity of detecting low-power ambient RF...

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Main Authors:	Li, Yizhi, Rajendran, Jagadheswaran, Mariappan, Selvakumar, Rawat, Arvind Singh, Sal Hamid, Sofiyah, Kumar, Narendra, Othman, Masuri, Nathan, Arokia
Format:	Article
Published:	MDPI 2023
Subjects:	Q Science (General) QD Chemistry TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/38712/
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spelling	my.um.eprints.387122023-07-10T02:17:50Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/38712/ CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement Li, Yizhi Rajendran, Jagadheswaran Mariappan, Selvakumar Rawat, Arvind Singh Sal Hamid, Sofiyah Kumar, Narendra Othman, Masuri Nathan, Arokia Q Science (General) QD Chemistry TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering Radio frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) is one form of renewable energy harvesting currently seeing widespread popularity because many wireless electronic devices can coordinate their communications via RFEH, especially in CMOS technology. For RFEH, the sensitivity of detecting low-power ambient RF signals is the utmost priority. The voltage boosting mechanisms at the input of the RFEH are typically applied to enhance its sensitivity. However, the bandwidth in which its sensitivity is maintained is very poor. This work implements a tunable voltage boosting (TVB) mechanism fully on-chip in a 3-stage cross-coupled differential drive rectifier (CCDD). The TVB is designed with an interleaved transformer architecture where the primary winding is implemented to the rectifier, while the secondary winding is connected to a MOSFET switch that tunes the inductance of the network. The TVB enables the sensitivity of the rectifier to be maintained at 1V DC output voltage with a minimum deviation of -2 dBm across a wide bandwidth of 3 to 6 GHz of 5G New Radio frequency (5GNR) bands. A DC output voltage of 1 V and a peak PCE of 83% at 3 GHz for -23 dBm input power are achieved. A PCE of more than 50% can be maintained at the sensitivity point of 1 V with the aid of TVB. The proposed CCDD-TVB mechanism enables the CMOS RFEH to be operated for wideband applications with optimum sensitivity, DC output voltage, and efficiency. MDPI 2023-02 Article PeerReviewed Li, Yizhi and Rajendran, Jagadheswaran and Mariappan, Selvakumar and Rawat, Arvind Singh and Sal Hamid, Sofiyah and Kumar, Narendra and Othman, Masuri and Nathan, Arokia (2023) CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement. Micromachines, 14 (2). ISSN 2072-666X, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020392 <https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020392>. 10.3390/mi14020392
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	Q Science (General) QD Chemistry TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
spellingShingle	Q Science (General) QD Chemistry TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering Li, Yizhi Rajendran, Jagadheswaran Mariappan, Selvakumar Rawat, Arvind Singh Sal Hamid, Sofiyah Kumar, Narendra Othman, Masuri Nathan, Arokia CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement
description	Radio frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) is one form of renewable energy harvesting currently seeing widespread popularity because many wireless electronic devices can coordinate their communications via RFEH, especially in CMOS technology. For RFEH, the sensitivity of detecting low-power ambient RF signals is the utmost priority. The voltage boosting mechanisms at the input of the RFEH are typically applied to enhance its sensitivity. However, the bandwidth in which its sensitivity is maintained is very poor. This work implements a tunable voltage boosting (TVB) mechanism fully on-chip in a 3-stage cross-coupled differential drive rectifier (CCDD). The TVB is designed with an interleaved transformer architecture where the primary winding is implemented to the rectifier, while the secondary winding is connected to a MOSFET switch that tunes the inductance of the network. The TVB enables the sensitivity of the rectifier to be maintained at 1V DC output voltage with a minimum deviation of -2 dBm across a wide bandwidth of 3 to 6 GHz of 5G New Radio frequency (5GNR) bands. A DC output voltage of 1 V and a peak PCE of 83% at 3 GHz for -23 dBm input power are achieved. A PCE of more than 50% can be maintained at the sensitivity point of 1 V with the aid of TVB. The proposed CCDD-TVB mechanism enables the CMOS RFEH to be operated for wideband applications with optimum sensitivity, DC output voltage, and efficiency.
format	Article
author	Li, Yizhi Rajendran, Jagadheswaran Mariappan, Selvakumar Rawat, Arvind Singh Sal Hamid, Sofiyah Kumar, Narendra Othman, Masuri Nathan, Arokia
author_facet	Li, Yizhi Rajendran, Jagadheswaran Mariappan, Selvakumar Rawat, Arvind Singh Sal Hamid, Sofiyah Kumar, Narendra Othman, Masuri Nathan, Arokia
author_sort	Li, Yizhi
title	CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement
title_short	CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement
title_full	CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement
title_fullStr	CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement
title_full_unstemmed	CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement
title_sort	cmos radio frequency energy harvester (rfeh) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement
publisher	MDPI
publishDate	2023
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/38712/
_version_	1772811756274450432
score	13.211869

CMOS radio frequency Energy harvester (RFEH) with fully on-chip tunable voltage-booster for wideband sensitivity enhancement

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