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Avian influenza virus tropism in humans

An influenza pandemic happens when a novel influenza A virus is able to infect and transmit efficiently to a new, distinct host species. Although the exact timing of pandemics is uncertain, it is known that both viral and host factors play a role in their emergence. Species-specific interactions bet...

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Main Authors:	AbuBakar, Umarqayum, Amrani, Lina, Kamarulzaman, Farah Ayuni, Karsani, Saiful Anuar, Hassandarvish, Pouya, Khairat, Jasmine Elanie
Format:	Article
Published:	MDPI 2023
Subjects:	QR355 Virology
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/38320/
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id	my.um.eprints.38320
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spelling	my.um.eprints.383202023-06-23T07:13:24Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/38320/ Avian influenza virus tropism in humans AbuBakar, Umarqayum Amrani, Lina Kamarulzaman, Farah Ayuni Karsani, Saiful Anuar Hassandarvish, Pouya Khairat, Jasmine Elanie QR355 Virology An influenza pandemic happens when a novel influenza A virus is able to infect and transmit efficiently to a new, distinct host species. Although the exact timing of pandemics is uncertain, it is known that both viral and host factors play a role in their emergence. Species-specific interactions between the virus and the host cell determine the virus tropism, including binding and entering cells, replicating the viral RNA genome within the host cell nucleus, assembling, maturing and releasing the virus to neighboring cells, tissues or organs before transmitting it between individuals. The influenza A virus has a vast and antigenically varied reservoir. In wild aquatic birds, the infection is typically asymptomatic. Avian influenza virus (AIV) can cross into new species, and occasionally it can acquire the ability to transmit from human to human. A pandemic might occur if a new influenza virus acquires enough adaptive mutations to maintain transmission between people. This review highlights the key determinants AIV must achieve to initiate a human pandemic and describes how AIV mutates to establish tropism and stable human adaptation. Understanding the tropism of AIV may be crucial in preventing virus transmission in humans and may help the design of vaccines, antivirals and therapeutic agents against the virus. MDPI 2023-04 Article PeerReviewed AbuBakar, Umarqayum and Amrani, Lina and Kamarulzaman, Farah Ayuni and Karsani, Saiful Anuar and Hassandarvish, Pouya and Khairat, Jasmine Elanie (2023) Avian influenza virus tropism in humans. Viruses-Basel, 15 (4). ISSN 1999-4915, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/v15040833 <https://doi.org/10.3390/v15040833>. 10.3390/v15040833
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	QR355 Virology
spellingShingle	QR355 Virology AbuBakar, Umarqayum Amrani, Lina Kamarulzaman, Farah Ayuni Karsani, Saiful Anuar Hassandarvish, Pouya Khairat, Jasmine Elanie Avian influenza virus tropism in humans
description	An influenza pandemic happens when a novel influenza A virus is able to infect and transmit efficiently to a new, distinct host species. Although the exact timing of pandemics is uncertain, it is known that both viral and host factors play a role in their emergence. Species-specific interactions between the virus and the host cell determine the virus tropism, including binding and entering cells, replicating the viral RNA genome within the host cell nucleus, assembling, maturing and releasing the virus to neighboring cells, tissues or organs before transmitting it between individuals. The influenza A virus has a vast and antigenically varied reservoir. In wild aquatic birds, the infection is typically asymptomatic. Avian influenza virus (AIV) can cross into new species, and occasionally it can acquire the ability to transmit from human to human. A pandemic might occur if a new influenza virus acquires enough adaptive mutations to maintain transmission between people. This review highlights the key determinants AIV must achieve to initiate a human pandemic and describes how AIV mutates to establish tropism and stable human adaptation. Understanding the tropism of AIV may be crucial in preventing virus transmission in humans and may help the design of vaccines, antivirals and therapeutic agents against the virus.
format	Article
author	AbuBakar, Umarqayum Amrani, Lina Kamarulzaman, Farah Ayuni Karsani, Saiful Anuar Hassandarvish, Pouya Khairat, Jasmine Elanie
author_facet	AbuBakar, Umarqayum Amrani, Lina Kamarulzaman, Farah Ayuni Karsani, Saiful Anuar Hassandarvish, Pouya Khairat, Jasmine Elanie
author_sort	AbuBakar, Umarqayum
title	Avian influenza virus tropism in humans
title_short	Avian influenza virus tropism in humans
title_full	Avian influenza virus tropism in humans
title_fullStr	Avian influenza virus tropism in humans
title_full_unstemmed	Avian influenza virus tropism in humans
title_sort	avian influenza virus tropism in humans
publisher	MDPI
publishDate	2023
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/38320/
_version_	1769842722632368128
score	13.211869

Avian influenza virus tropism in humans

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