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Is there any association between body mass index and severity of dengue infection?

Background: Dengue, an acute infectious disease caused by a flavivirus, is a threat to global health. There is sparse evidence exploring obesity and the development of more severe dengue cases in adults. With increasing prevalence of obesity in areas with a high risk of dengue infection, obesity may...

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Main Authors: Zulkipli, Mohd Syis, Rampal, Sanjay, Bulgiba, Awang, Peramalah, Devi, Jamil, Nor'Ashikin, Lum, Lucy Chai See, Ahmad Zaki, Rafdzah, Syed Omar, Sharifah Faridah, Dahlui, Maznah
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Published: Oxford University Press 2021
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R Medicine (General)
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/34306/
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spelling my.um.eprints.343062022-09-13T07:18:21Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/34306/ Is there any association between body mass index and severity of dengue infection? Zulkipli, Mohd Syis Rampal, Sanjay Bulgiba, Awang Peramalah, Devi Jamil, Nor'Ashikin Lum, Lucy Chai See Ahmad Zaki, Rafdzah Syed Omar, Sharifah Faridah Dahlui, Maznah R Medicine (General) Background: Dengue, an acute infectious disease caused by a flavivirus, is a threat to global health. There is sparse evidence exploring obesity and the development of more severe dengue cases in adults. With increasing prevalence of obesity in areas with a high risk of dengue infection, obesity may increase the burden and mortality related to dengue infection. Our study aimed to determine the association between obesity and the development of more severe dengue infection in primary healthcare settings and whether these associations were modified by dengue fever phase. Methods: A cohort study was conducted among laboratory-confirmed dengue patients aged >18 y in the central region of Peninsular Malaysia from May 2016 to November 2017. We collected demographic, clinical history, physical examination and Laboratory examination information using a standardized form. Dengue severity (DS) was defined as either dengue with warning signs or severe dengue. Participants underwent daily follow-up, during which we recorded their vital signs, warning signs and full blood count results. Incidence of DS was modeled using mixed-effects logistic regression. Changes in platelet count and hematocrit were modeled using mixed-effects linear regression. The final multivariable models were adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity and previous dengue infection. Results: A total of 173 patients were enrolled and followed up. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 37.4 +/- 13.75 kg/m(2). The majority of patients were Malay (65.9%), followed by Chinese (17.3%), Indian (12.7%) and other ethnic groups (4.1%). A total of 90 patients (52.0%) were male while 36 patients (20.8%) had a previous history of dengue infection. BMI was significantly associated with DS (adjusted OR=1.17; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.34) and hematocrit (%) (alpha beta=0.09; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.16), but not with platelet count (x10(3)/mu L) (alpha beta=-0.01; 95% CI -0.84 to 0.81). In the dose response analysis, we found that as BMI increases, the odds of DS, hematocrit levels and platelet levels increase during the first phase of dengue fever. Conclusion: Higher BMI and higher hematocrit levels were associated with higher odds of DS. Among those with high BMI, the development of DS was observed during phase one of dengue fever instead of during phase two. These novel results could be used by clinicians to help them risk-stratify dengue patients for closer monitoring and subsequent prevention of severe dengue complications. Oxford University Press 2021-07 Article PeerReviewed Zulkipli, Mohd Syis and Rampal, Sanjay and Bulgiba, Awang and Peramalah, Devi and Jamil, Nor'Ashikin and Lum, Lucy Chai See and Ahmad Zaki, Rafdzah and Syed Omar, Sharifah Faridah and Dahlui, Maznah (2021) Is there any association between body mass index and severity of dengue infection? Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 115 (7). pp. 764-771. ISSN 0035-9203, DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trab021 <https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trab021>. 10.1093/trstmh/trab021
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic R Medicine (General)
spellingShingle R Medicine (General)
Zulkipli, Mohd Syis
Rampal, Sanjay
Bulgiba, Awang
Peramalah, Devi
Jamil, Nor'Ashikin
Lum, Lucy Chai See
Ahmad Zaki, Rafdzah
Syed Omar, Sharifah Faridah
Dahlui, Maznah
Is there any association between body mass index and severity of dengue infection?
description Background: Dengue, an acute infectious disease caused by a flavivirus, is a threat to global health. There is sparse evidence exploring obesity and the development of more severe dengue cases in adults. With increasing prevalence of obesity in areas with a high risk of dengue infection, obesity may increase the burden and mortality related to dengue infection. Our study aimed to determine the association between obesity and the development of more severe dengue infection in primary healthcare settings and whether these associations were modified by dengue fever phase. Methods: A cohort study was conducted among laboratory-confirmed dengue patients aged >18 y in the central region of Peninsular Malaysia from May 2016 to November 2017. We collected demographic, clinical history, physical examination and Laboratory examination information using a standardized form. Dengue severity (DS) was defined as either dengue with warning signs or severe dengue. Participants underwent daily follow-up, during which we recorded their vital signs, warning signs and full blood count results. Incidence of DS was modeled using mixed-effects logistic regression. Changes in platelet count and hematocrit were modeled using mixed-effects linear regression. The final multivariable models were adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity and previous dengue infection. Results: A total of 173 patients were enrolled and followed up. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 37.4 +/- 13.75 kg/m(2). The majority of patients were Malay (65.9%), followed by Chinese (17.3%), Indian (12.7%) and other ethnic groups (4.1%). A total of 90 patients (52.0%) were male while 36 patients (20.8%) had a previous history of dengue infection. BMI was significantly associated with DS (adjusted OR=1.17; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.34) and hematocrit (%) (alpha beta=0.09; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.16), but not with platelet count (x10(3)/mu L) (alpha beta=-0.01; 95% CI -0.84 to 0.81). In the dose response analysis, we found that as BMI increases, the odds of DS, hematocrit levels and platelet levels increase during the first phase of dengue fever. Conclusion: Higher BMI and higher hematocrit levels were associated with higher odds of DS. Among those with high BMI, the development of DS was observed during phase one of dengue fever instead of during phase two. These novel results could be used by clinicians to help them risk-stratify dengue patients for closer monitoring and subsequent prevention of severe dengue complications.
format Article
author Zulkipli, Mohd Syis
Rampal, Sanjay
Bulgiba, Awang
Peramalah, Devi
Jamil, Nor'Ashikin
Lum, Lucy Chai See
Ahmad Zaki, Rafdzah
Syed Omar, Sharifah Faridah
Dahlui, Maznah
author_facet Zulkipli, Mohd Syis
Rampal, Sanjay
Bulgiba, Awang
Peramalah, Devi
Jamil, Nor'Ashikin
Lum, Lucy Chai See
Ahmad Zaki, Rafdzah
Syed Omar, Sharifah Faridah
Dahlui, Maznah
author_sort Zulkipli, Mohd Syis
title Is there any association between body mass index and severity of dengue infection?
title_short Is there any association between body mass index and severity of dengue infection?
title_full Is there any association between body mass index and severity of dengue infection?
title_fullStr Is there any association between body mass index and severity of dengue infection?
title_full_unstemmed Is there any association between body mass index and severity of dengue infection?
title_sort is there any association between body mass index and severity of dengue infection?
publisher Oxford University Press
publishDate 2021
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/34306/
_version_ 1744649171007176704
score 13.211869

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