Staff View: Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus

Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus

A data-driven model is used to analyse the global effects of biodiesel on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus, and to understand the complex environmental correlation. Several criteria to measure the sustainability of biodiesel and four main limiting factors for biodiesel production are discussed in t...

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Main Authors:	Chong, Cheng Tung, Loe, Ting Yu, Wong, Kang Yao, Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu, Lam, Su Shiung, Chong, Wen Tong, Borrion, Aiduan, Tian, Bo, Ng, Jo-Han
Format:	Article
Published:	Elsevier 2021
Subjects:	GE Environmental Sciences QR Microbiology TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/34172/
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spelling	my.um.eprints.341722022-06-14T07:45:17Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/34172/ Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus Chong, Cheng Tung Loe, Ting Yu Wong, Kang Yao Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu Lam, Su Shiung Chong, Wen Tong Borrion, Aiduan Tian, Bo Ng, Jo-Han GE Environmental Sciences QR Microbiology TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) A data-driven model is used to analyse the global effects of biodiesel on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus, and to understand the complex environmental correlation. Several criteria to measure the sustainability of biodiesel and four main limiting factors for biodiesel production are discussed in this paper. The limiting factors includes water stress, food stress, feedstock quantity and crude oil price. The 155-country model covers crude oil prices ranging from USD10/bbl to USD160/bbl, biodiesel refinery costs ranging from -USD0.30/L to USD0.30/L and 45 multi-generation biodiesel feedstocks. The model is capable of ascertaining changes arising from biodiesel adoption in terms of light-duty diesel engine emissions (NO, CO, UHC and smoke opacity), water stress index (WSI), dietary energy supply (DES), Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) and short-term energy security. With the addition of potential biodiesel production, the renewable energy sector of global primary energy profile can increase by 0.43%, with maximum increment up to 10.97% for Malaysia. At current crude oil price of USD75/bbl and refinery cost of USD0.1/L, only Benin, Ireland and Togo can produce biodiesel profitably. The model also shows that water requirement varies non-linearly with multi-feedstock biodiesel production as blending ratio increases. Out of the 155 countries, biodiesel production is limited by feedstock quantity for 82 countries, 47 are limited by crude oil price, 20 by water stress and 6 by food stress. The results provide insights for governments to set up environmental policy guidelines, in implementing biodiesel technology as a cleaner alternative to diesel. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Elsevier 2021-05 Article PeerReviewed Chong, Cheng Tung and Loe, Ting Yu and Wong, Kang Yao and Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu and Lam, Su Shiung and Chong, Wen Tong and Borrion, Aiduan and Tian, Bo and Ng, Jo-Han (2021) Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 22. ISSN 2352-1864, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2021.101408 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2021.101408>. 10.1016/j.eti.2021.101408
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	GE Environmental Sciences QR Microbiology TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle	GE Environmental Sciences QR Microbiology TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Chong, Cheng Tung Loe, Ting Yu Wong, Kang Yao Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu Lam, Su Shiung Chong, Wen Tong Borrion, Aiduan Tian, Bo Ng, Jo-Han Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus
description	A data-driven model is used to analyse the global effects of biodiesel on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus, and to understand the complex environmental correlation. Several criteria to measure the sustainability of biodiesel and four main limiting factors for biodiesel production are discussed in this paper. The limiting factors includes water stress, food stress, feedstock quantity and crude oil price. The 155-country model covers crude oil prices ranging from USD10/bbl to USD160/bbl, biodiesel refinery costs ranging from -USD0.30/L to USD0.30/L and 45 multi-generation biodiesel feedstocks. The model is capable of ascertaining changes arising from biodiesel adoption in terms of light-duty diesel engine emissions (NO, CO, UHC and smoke opacity), water stress index (WSI), dietary energy supply (DES), Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) and short-term energy security. With the addition of potential biodiesel production, the renewable energy sector of global primary energy profile can increase by 0.43%, with maximum increment up to 10.97% for Malaysia. At current crude oil price of USD75/bbl and refinery cost of USD0.1/L, only Benin, Ireland and Togo can produce biodiesel profitably. The model also shows that water requirement varies non-linearly with multi-feedstock biodiesel production as blending ratio increases. Out of the 155 countries, biodiesel production is limited by feedstock quantity for 82 countries, 47 are limited by crude oil price, 20 by water stress and 6 by food stress. The results provide insights for governments to set up environmental policy guidelines, in implementing biodiesel technology as a cleaner alternative to diesel. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
format	Article
author	Chong, Cheng Tung Loe, Ting Yu Wong, Kang Yao Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu Lam, Su Shiung Chong, Wen Tong Borrion, Aiduan Tian, Bo Ng, Jo-Han
author_facet	Chong, Cheng Tung Loe, Ting Yu Wong, Kang Yao Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu Lam, Su Shiung Chong, Wen Tong Borrion, Aiduan Tian, Bo Ng, Jo-Han
author_sort	Chong, Cheng Tung
title	Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus
title_short	Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus
title_full	Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus
title_fullStr	Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus
title_full_unstemmed	Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus
title_sort	biodiesel sustainability: the global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (ewf) nexus
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/34172/
_version_	1736834284105236480
score	13.223943

Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy-water-food (EWF) nexus

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