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Revisiting oral thrush in South-East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000-2020)

Background Oral thrush, a clinical condition due to an overgrowth of Candida yeasts in the oral cavity, is prominent in patients with immunosuppression. As recent updates on oral thrush in South-East Asian (SEA) countries are lacking, this review aimed to address the epidemiology, clinical features...

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Main Authors: Karajacob, Alexandria Sonia, Mohammed Al-Maleki, Anis Rageh, Tay, Sun Tee
Format: Article
Published: Wiley 2022
Subjects:
RB Pathology
RK Dentistry
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/33619/
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spelling my.um.eprints.336192022-07-28T01:32:38Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/33619/ Revisiting oral thrush in South-East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000-2020) Karajacob, Alexandria Sonia Mohammed Al-Maleki, Anis Rageh Tay, Sun Tee RB Pathology RK Dentistry Background Oral thrush, a clinical condition due to an overgrowth of Candida yeasts in the oral cavity, is prominent in patients with immunosuppression. As recent updates on oral thrush in South-East Asian (SEA) countries are lacking, this review aimed to address the epidemiology, clinical features and distribution of Candida species, based on published studies in SEA countries over the last two decades. Methods Published studies on oral candidiasis (2000-2020) were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar databases to provide information on the incidence and factors affecting oral thrush cases in SEA countries. Results A total of 22 cross-sectional studies involving 3697 subjects from five SEA countries were reviewed in this study. The most frequently reported population were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. The overall incidence rates amongst HIV-infected patients ranged from 20.7% to 97.0%, while incidence rates ranging from 0% to 72.7% were recorded for non-HIV-infected populations. Pseudomembranous candidiasis and erythematous candidiasis were the most common clinical presentations of oral thrush lesions. Candida albicans was the most common species identified in SEA studies. As oral thrush assessments were made merely based on clinical diagnosis, culture results were not available for most studies. Conclusion This review highlights that most studies reporting on oral candidiasis in SEA countries were based on HIV-positive patients. Data are still lacking on oral candidiasis amongst non-HIV immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Increasing awareness on the diagnosis, treatment and consequences of this infection, and improved laboratory methods are essential for the management of oral candidiasis in this region. Wiley 2022-01 Article PeerReviewed Karajacob, Alexandria Sonia and Mohammed Al-Maleki, Anis Rageh and Tay, Sun Tee (2022) Revisiting oral thrush in South-East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000-2020). Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine, 51 (1). pp. 98-105. ISSN 0904-2512, DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/jop.13266 <https://doi.org/10.1111/jop.13266>. 10.1111/jop.13266
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic RB Pathology
RK Dentistry
spellingShingle RB Pathology
RK Dentistry
Karajacob, Alexandria Sonia
Mohammed Al-Maleki, Anis Rageh
Tay, Sun Tee
Revisiting oral thrush in South-East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000-2020)
description Background Oral thrush, a clinical condition due to an overgrowth of Candida yeasts in the oral cavity, is prominent in patients with immunosuppression. As recent updates on oral thrush in South-East Asian (SEA) countries are lacking, this review aimed to address the epidemiology, clinical features and distribution of Candida species, based on published studies in SEA countries over the last two decades. Methods Published studies on oral candidiasis (2000-2020) were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar databases to provide information on the incidence and factors affecting oral thrush cases in SEA countries. Results A total of 22 cross-sectional studies involving 3697 subjects from five SEA countries were reviewed in this study. The most frequently reported population were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. The overall incidence rates amongst HIV-infected patients ranged from 20.7% to 97.0%, while incidence rates ranging from 0% to 72.7% were recorded for non-HIV-infected populations. Pseudomembranous candidiasis and erythematous candidiasis were the most common clinical presentations of oral thrush lesions. Candida albicans was the most common species identified in SEA studies. As oral thrush assessments were made merely based on clinical diagnosis, culture results were not available for most studies. Conclusion This review highlights that most studies reporting on oral candidiasis in SEA countries were based on HIV-positive patients. Data are still lacking on oral candidiasis amongst non-HIV immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Increasing awareness on the diagnosis, treatment and consequences of this infection, and improved laboratory methods are essential for the management of oral candidiasis in this region.
format Article
author Karajacob, Alexandria Sonia
Mohammed Al-Maleki, Anis Rageh
Tay, Sun Tee
author_facet Karajacob, Alexandria Sonia
Mohammed Al-Maleki, Anis Rageh
Tay, Sun Tee
author_sort Karajacob, Alexandria Sonia
title Revisiting oral thrush in South-East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000-2020)
title_short Revisiting oral thrush in South-East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000-2020)
title_full Revisiting oral thrush in South-East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000-2020)
title_fullStr Revisiting oral thrush in South-East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000-2020)
title_full_unstemmed Revisiting oral thrush in South-East Asian patients: A review of published studies (2000-2020)
title_sort revisiting oral thrush in south-east asian patients: a review of published studies (2000-2020)
publisher Wiley
publishDate 2022
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/33619/
_version_ 1739828460879085568
score 13.211869

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