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Genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B in Malaysia

Abstract. Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B is known to cause either paratyphoid fever or gastroenteritis. Differentiation of Salmonella ser. Paratyphi B into biotype Java (d-tartrate fermenting, dT+) and biotype Paratyphi B (d-tartrate non-fermenting, dT) is important for Salmonella epidemiol...

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Main Authors: Thong, Kwai Lin, Ang, C.P.
Format: Article
Published: 2011
Subjects:
Q Science (General)
R Medicine
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/2792/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22299444
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
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spelling my.um.eprints.27922018-10-15T04:26:08Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/2792/ Genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B in Malaysia Thong, Kwai Lin Ang, C.P. Q Science (General) R Medicine Abstract. Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B is known to cause either paratyphoid fever or gastroenteritis. Differentiation of Salmonella ser. Paratyphi B into biotype Java (d-tartrate fermenting, dT+) and biotype Paratyphi B (d-tartrate non-fermenting, dT) is important for Salmonella epidemiology. This study applied a PCR approach to differentiate the two biotypes to augment the conventional biochemical method and to determine the antibiograms and genomic diversity of Malaysian S. Paratyphi B. Among 100 strains tested (clinical, 86; non-humans, 14), only two clinical strains were confirmed as biotype Paratyphi B as indicated by both lead acetate test and PCR. Antibiotic resistance rates were as follows: streptomycin 18%, sulphonamides 13%, ampicillin 10%, chloramphenicol 4%, tetracycline 3%, cefotaxime 2%, cefpodoxime 2%, ceftazidime 2%, gentamicin 1% and trimethoprim 1%. None showed resistance towards amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. Seven strains showed multidrug resistance towards 3 or more classes of antimicrobial agents. REP-PCR and PFGE generated 32 and 76 different profiles, respectively. PFGE (D = 0.99) was more discriminative than REP-PCR (D = 0.93) and antimicrobial susceptibility test (D = 0.48) in subtyping the strains. Strains isolated 18 years apart (1982 - 2008) from different localities in Malaysia were clonally related as demonstrated by REP-PCR and PFGE, indicating that these strains were stable and widely distributed. In some clusters, strains isolated from different sources (clinical, food and animal) were grouped together. Thus, biotype Java was the most common biotype of Salmonella ser. Paratyphi B in Malaysia. The PCR approach is highly recommended due to its simplicity, specificity and ease of operation. The level of antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella ser. Paratyphi B remained relatively low in Malaysia but the emergence of resistance to cephalosporins is a cause for concern. 2011 Article PeerReviewed Thong, Kwai Lin and Ang, C.P. (2011) Genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B in Malaysia. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 45 (2). ISSN 0125-1562 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22299444 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic Q Science (General)
R Medicine
spellingShingle Q Science (General)
R Medicine
Thong, Kwai Lin
Ang, C.P.
Genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B in Malaysia
description Abstract. Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B is known to cause either paratyphoid fever or gastroenteritis. Differentiation of Salmonella ser. Paratyphi B into biotype Java (d-tartrate fermenting, dT+) and biotype Paratyphi B (d-tartrate non-fermenting, dT) is important for Salmonella epidemiology. This study applied a PCR approach to differentiate the two biotypes to augment the conventional biochemical method and to determine the antibiograms and genomic diversity of Malaysian S. Paratyphi B. Among 100 strains tested (clinical, 86; non-humans, 14), only two clinical strains were confirmed as biotype Paratyphi B as indicated by both lead acetate test and PCR. Antibiotic resistance rates were as follows: streptomycin 18%, sulphonamides 13%, ampicillin 10%, chloramphenicol 4%, tetracycline 3%, cefotaxime 2%, cefpodoxime 2%, ceftazidime 2%, gentamicin 1% and trimethoprim 1%. None showed resistance towards amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. Seven strains showed multidrug resistance towards 3 or more classes of antimicrobial agents. REP-PCR and PFGE generated 32 and 76 different profiles, respectively. PFGE (D = 0.99) was more discriminative than REP-PCR (D = 0.93) and antimicrobial susceptibility test (D = 0.48) in subtyping the strains. Strains isolated 18 years apart (1982 - 2008) from different localities in Malaysia were clonally related as demonstrated by REP-PCR and PFGE, indicating that these strains were stable and widely distributed. In some clusters, strains isolated from different sources (clinical, food and animal) were grouped together. Thus, biotype Java was the most common biotype of Salmonella ser. Paratyphi B in Malaysia. The PCR approach is highly recommended due to its simplicity, specificity and ease of operation. The level of antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella ser. Paratyphi B remained relatively low in Malaysia but the emergence of resistance to cephalosporins is a cause for concern.
format Article
author Thong, Kwai Lin
Ang, C.P.
author_facet Thong, Kwai Lin
Ang, C.P.
author_sort Thong, Kwai Lin
title Genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B in Malaysia
title_short Genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B in Malaysia
title_full Genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B in Malaysia
title_fullStr Genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B in Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B in Malaysia
title_sort genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b in malaysia
publishDate 2011
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/2792/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22299444
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
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score 13.211869

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