Staff View: De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake

De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake

Background: The Malayan blue coral snake, Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps, is a medically important venomous snake in Southeast Asia. However, the complexity and diversity of its venom genes remain little explored. Methods: To address this, we applied high-throughput next-generation sequencing to pro...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Palasuberniam, Praneetha, Tan, Kae Yi, Tan, Choo Hock
Format:	Article
Published:	Cevap-Sao Paulo State Univ-Unesp 2021
Subjects:	QL Zoology
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/26937/
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my.um.eprints.26937
record_format	eprints
spelling	my.um.eprints.269372022-04-11T06:32:31Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/26937/ De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake Palasuberniam, Praneetha Tan, Kae Yi Tan, Choo Hock QL Zoology Background: The Malayan blue coral snake, Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps, is a medically important venomous snake in Southeast Asia. However, the complexity and diversity of its venom genes remain little explored. Methods: To address this, we applied high-throughput next-generation sequencing to profile the venom gland cDNA libraries of C. bivirgata flaviceps. The transcriptome was de novo assembled, followed by gene annotation, multiple sequence alignment and analyses of the transcripts. Results: A total of 74 non-redundant toxin-encoding genes from 16 protein families were identified, with 31 full-length toxin transcripts. Three-finger toxins (3FTx), primarily delta-neurotoxins and cardiotoxin-like/cytotoxin-like proteins, were the most diverse and abundantly expressed. The major 3FTx (Cb_FTX01 and Cb_FTX02) are highly similar to calliotoxin, a delta-neurotoxin previously reported in the venom of C. bivirgata. This study also revealed a conserved tyrosine residue at position 4 of the cardiotoxin-like/cytotoxin-like protein genes in the species. These variants, proposed as Y-type CTX-like proteins, are similar to the H-type CTX from cobras. The substitution is conservative though, preserving a less toxic form of elapid CTX-like protein, as indicated by the lack of venom cytotoxicity in previous laboratory and clinical findings. The ecological role of these toxins, however, remains unclear. The study also uncovered unique transcripts that belong to phospholipase A 2 of Groups IA and IB, and snake venom metalloproteinases of PIII subclass, which show sequence variations from those of Asiatic elapids. Conclusion: The venom gland transcriptome of C. bivirgata flaviceps from Malaysia was de novo assembled and annotated. The diversity and expression profile of toxin genes provide insights into the biological and medical importance of the species. Cevap-Sao Paulo State Univ-Unesp 2021-09-24 Article PeerReviewed Palasuberniam, Praneetha and Tan, Kae Yi and Tan, Choo Hock (2021) De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake. Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, 27. ISSN 1678-9199, DOI https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2021-0024 <https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2021-0024>. 10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2021-0024
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	QL Zoology
spellingShingle	QL Zoology Palasuberniam, Praneetha Tan, Kae Yi Tan, Choo Hock De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake
description	Background: The Malayan blue coral snake, Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps, is a medically important venomous snake in Southeast Asia. However, the complexity and diversity of its venom genes remain little explored. Methods: To address this, we applied high-throughput next-generation sequencing to profile the venom gland cDNA libraries of C. bivirgata flaviceps. The transcriptome was de novo assembled, followed by gene annotation, multiple sequence alignment and analyses of the transcripts. Results: A total of 74 non-redundant toxin-encoding genes from 16 protein families were identified, with 31 full-length toxin transcripts. Three-finger toxins (3FTx), primarily delta-neurotoxins and cardiotoxin-like/cytotoxin-like proteins, were the most diverse and abundantly expressed. The major 3FTx (Cb_FTX01 and Cb_FTX02) are highly similar to calliotoxin, a delta-neurotoxin previously reported in the venom of C. bivirgata. This study also revealed a conserved tyrosine residue at position 4 of the cardiotoxin-like/cytotoxin-like protein genes in the species. These variants, proposed as Y-type CTX-like proteins, are similar to the H-type CTX from cobras. The substitution is conservative though, preserving a less toxic form of elapid CTX-like protein, as indicated by the lack of venom cytotoxicity in previous laboratory and clinical findings. The ecological role of these toxins, however, remains unclear. The study also uncovered unique transcripts that belong to phospholipase A 2 of Groups IA and IB, and snake venom metalloproteinases of PIII subclass, which show sequence variations from those of Asiatic elapids. Conclusion: The venom gland transcriptome of C. bivirgata flaviceps from Malaysia was de novo assembled and annotated. The diversity and expression profile of toxin genes provide insights into the biological and medical importance of the species.
format	Article
author	Palasuberniam, Praneetha Tan, Kae Yi Tan, Choo Hock
author_facet	Palasuberniam, Praneetha Tan, Kae Yi Tan, Choo Hock
author_sort	Palasuberniam, Praneetha
title	De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake
title_short	De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake
title_full	De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake
title_fullStr	De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake
title_full_unstemmed	De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake
title_sort	de novo venom gland transcriptomics of calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: uncovering the complexity of toxins from the malayan blue coral snake
publisher	Cevap-Sao Paulo State Univ-Unesp
publishDate	2021
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/26937/
_version_	1735409478134661120
score	13.211869

De novo venom gland transcriptomics of Calliophis bivirgata flaviceps: Uncovering the complexity of toxins from the Malayan blue coral snake

Similar Items