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Seasonal effects on spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river receiving anthropogenic influences

This study investigates the seasonal and spatial water quality patterns along a tropical river that continuously receives various pollution sources. Multivariate analysis was used to study the spatial and temporal variations of the water quality parameters and to determine the origin of the pollutio...

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Main Authors: Ibrahim, Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku, Othman, Faridah, Mahmood, Noor Zalina, Abunama, Taher
Format: Article
Published: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2021
Subjects:
QH301 Biology
TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/26632/
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spelling my.um.eprints.266322022-04-01T02:30:13Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/26632/ Seasonal effects on spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river receiving anthropogenic influences Ibrahim, Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku Othman, Faridah Mahmood, Noor Zalina Abunama, Taher QH301 Biology TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) This study investigates the seasonal and spatial water quality patterns along a tropical river that continuously receives various pollution sources. Multivariate analysis was used to study the spatial and temporal variations of the water quality parameters and to determine the origin of the pollution sources. Three regions (low, moderate, and high pollution levels) were determined based on cluster analysis. The stepwise DA mode proposed six parameters (pH, EC, COD, NO3, TC, and Fe) with 75% correct assignations as the most significant water quality parameters to present the spatial variations. In the temporal discrimination, forward stepwise mode analysis showed eight parameters (EC, TUR, BOD, COD, AN, NO3, Cu, and Cr) with 92% correct assignations, while five parameters (EC, AN, Al, Cu, and Cr) affording 89% correct assignations in backward stepwise mode analysis. Principal component analysis and factor analysis were used to investigate the origins of each water quality parameter based on the three clustered regions and successfully yielded eight latent factors loadings for each period that significantly identified the pollution sources and types along the river. The pollution sources for moderate and high pollution level areas are anthropogenic sources (landfill, industrial activities, and sewage discharge). Agricultural runoff is the main pollution source for the low pollution level areas. This study has shown classifications of river water quality based on seasonal and spatial criteria. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2021-03 Article PeerReviewed Ibrahim, Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku and Othman, Faridah and Mahmood, Noor Zalina and Abunama, Taher (2021) Seasonal effects on spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river receiving anthropogenic influences. Sains Malaysiana, 50 (3). pp. 571-593. ISSN 0126-6039, DOI https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5003-02 <https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5003-02>. 10.17576/jsm-2021-5003-02
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic QH301 Biology
TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle QH301 Biology
TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Ibrahim, Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku
Othman, Faridah
Mahmood, Noor Zalina
Abunama, Taher
Seasonal effects on spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river receiving anthropogenic influences
description This study investigates the seasonal and spatial water quality patterns along a tropical river that continuously receives various pollution sources. Multivariate analysis was used to study the spatial and temporal variations of the water quality parameters and to determine the origin of the pollution sources. Three regions (low, moderate, and high pollution levels) were determined based on cluster analysis. The stepwise DA mode proposed six parameters (pH, EC, COD, NO3, TC, and Fe) with 75% correct assignations as the most significant water quality parameters to present the spatial variations. In the temporal discrimination, forward stepwise mode analysis showed eight parameters (EC, TUR, BOD, COD, AN, NO3, Cu, and Cr) with 92% correct assignations, while five parameters (EC, AN, Al, Cu, and Cr) affording 89% correct assignations in backward stepwise mode analysis. Principal component analysis and factor analysis were used to investigate the origins of each water quality parameter based on the three clustered regions and successfully yielded eight latent factors loadings for each period that significantly identified the pollution sources and types along the river. The pollution sources for moderate and high pollution level areas are anthropogenic sources (landfill, industrial activities, and sewage discharge). Agricultural runoff is the main pollution source for the low pollution level areas. This study has shown classifications of river water quality based on seasonal and spatial criteria.
format Article
author Ibrahim, Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku
Othman, Faridah
Mahmood, Noor Zalina
Abunama, Taher
author_facet Ibrahim, Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku
Othman, Faridah
Mahmood, Noor Zalina
Abunama, Taher
author_sort Ibrahim, Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku
title Seasonal effects on spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river receiving anthropogenic influences
title_short Seasonal effects on spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river receiving anthropogenic influences
title_full Seasonal effects on spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river receiving anthropogenic influences
title_fullStr Seasonal effects on spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river receiving anthropogenic influences
title_full_unstemmed Seasonal effects on spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river receiving anthropogenic influences
title_sort seasonal effects on spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river receiving anthropogenic influences
publisher Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
publishDate 2021
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/26632/
_version_ 1735409437601955840
score 13.211869

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