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Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia

Since 2000, human malaria cases in Malaysia were rapidly reduced with the use of insecticides in Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) and Long-Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN). Unfortunately, monkey malaria in humans has shown an increase especially in Sabah and Sarawak. The insecticide currently used in IRS i...

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Main Authors: Ahmed, Md Atique, Rohani, Ahmad, Ahmad Fakhriy, H., Suzilah, I., Nor, Zurainee Mohamed, Najdah, W.M.A. Wan, Ariffin, M. Mohd, Shakirudin, N. Mohamad, Afiq, M.S. Mohd, Jenarun, J., Tanrang, Y., Lee, H.L.
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Published: Public Library of Science 2020
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R Medicine
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/25248/
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230860
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spelling my.um.eprints.252482020-08-05T02:35:18Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/25248/ Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia Ahmed, Md Atique Rohani, Ahmad Ahmad Fakhriy, H. Suzilah, I. Nor, Zurainee Mohamed Najdah, W.M.A. Wan Ariffin, M. Mohd Shakirudin, N. Mohamad Afiq, M.S. Mohd Jenarun, J. Tanrang, Y. Lee, H.L. R Medicine Since 2000, human malaria cases in Malaysia were rapidly reduced with the use of insecticides in Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) and Long-Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN). Unfortunately, monkey malaria in humans has shown an increase especially in Sabah and Sarawak. The insecticide currently used in IRS is deltamethrin K-Othrine® WG 250 wettable granule, targeting mosquitoes that rest and feed indoor. In Sabah, the primary vector for knowlesi malaria is An. balabacensis a species known to bite outdoor. This study evaluates an alternative method, the Outdoor Residual Spray (ORS) using a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) to examine it suitability to control knowlesi malaria vector in Sabah, compared to the current method. The study was performed at seven villages in Sabah having similar type of houses (wood, bamboo and concrete). Houses were sprayed with deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) at two different dosages, 25 mg/m2 and 30 mg/m2 and deltamethrin K-Othrine® WG 250 wettable granule at 25 mg/m2, sprayed indoor and outdoor. Residual activity on different walls was assessed using standard cone bioassay techniques. For larval surveillances, potential breeding sites were surveyed. Larvae were collected and identified, pre and post spraying. Adult survey was done using Human Landing Catch (HLC) performed outdoor and indoor. Detection of malaria parasite in adults was conducted via microscopy and molecular methods. Deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) showed higher efficacy when sprayed outdoor. The efficacy was found varied when sprayed on different types of wall surfaces. Deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) at 25 mg/m2 was the most effective with regards to ability to high mortality and effective knock down (KD). The vector population was reduced significantly post-spraying and reduction in breeding sites as well. The number of simian malaria infected vector, human and simian malaria transmission were also greatly reduced. © 2020 Rohani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Public Library of Science 2020 Article PeerReviewed Ahmed, Md Atique and Rohani, Ahmad and Ahmad Fakhriy, H. and Suzilah, I. and Nor, Zurainee Mohamed and Najdah, W.M.A. Wan and Ariffin, M. Mohd and Shakirudin, N. Mohamad and Afiq, M.S. Mohd and Jenarun, J. and Tanrang, Y. and Lee, H.L. (2020) Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia. PLoS ONE, 15 (5). e0230860. ISSN 1932-6203 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230860 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0230860
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic R Medicine
spellingShingle R Medicine
Ahmed, Md Atique
Rohani, Ahmad
Ahmad Fakhriy, H.
Suzilah, I.
Nor, Zurainee Mohamed
Najdah, W.M.A. Wan
Ariffin, M. Mohd
Shakirudin, N. Mohamad
Afiq, M.S. Mohd
Jenarun, J.
Tanrang, Y.
Lee, H.L.
Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia
description Since 2000, human malaria cases in Malaysia were rapidly reduced with the use of insecticides in Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) and Long-Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN). Unfortunately, monkey malaria in humans has shown an increase especially in Sabah and Sarawak. The insecticide currently used in IRS is deltamethrin K-Othrine® WG 250 wettable granule, targeting mosquitoes that rest and feed indoor. In Sabah, the primary vector for knowlesi malaria is An. balabacensis a species known to bite outdoor. This study evaluates an alternative method, the Outdoor Residual Spray (ORS) using a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) to examine it suitability to control knowlesi malaria vector in Sabah, compared to the current method. The study was performed at seven villages in Sabah having similar type of houses (wood, bamboo and concrete). Houses were sprayed with deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) at two different dosages, 25 mg/m2 and 30 mg/m2 and deltamethrin K-Othrine® WG 250 wettable granule at 25 mg/m2, sprayed indoor and outdoor. Residual activity on different walls was assessed using standard cone bioassay techniques. For larval surveillances, potential breeding sites were surveyed. Larvae were collected and identified, pre and post spraying. Adult survey was done using Human Landing Catch (HLC) performed outdoor and indoor. Detection of malaria parasite in adults was conducted via microscopy and molecular methods. Deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) showed higher efficacy when sprayed outdoor. The efficacy was found varied when sprayed on different types of wall surfaces. Deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) at 25 mg/m2 was the most effective with regards to ability to high mortality and effective knock down (KD). The vector population was reduced significantly post-spraying and reduction in breeding sites as well. The number of simian malaria infected vector, human and simian malaria transmission were also greatly reduced. © 2020 Rohani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
format Article
author Ahmed, Md Atique
Rohani, Ahmad
Ahmad Fakhriy, H.
Suzilah, I.
Nor, Zurainee Mohamed
Najdah, W.M.A. Wan
Ariffin, M. Mohd
Shakirudin, N. Mohamad
Afiq, M.S. Mohd
Jenarun, J.
Tanrang, Y.
Lee, H.L.
author_facet Ahmed, Md Atique
Rohani, Ahmad
Ahmad Fakhriy, H.
Suzilah, I.
Nor, Zurainee Mohamed
Najdah, W.M.A. Wan
Ariffin, M. Mohd
Shakirudin, N. Mohamad
Afiq, M.S. Mohd
Jenarun, J.
Tanrang, Y.
Lee, H.L.
author_sort Ahmed, Md Atique
title Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia
title_short Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia
title_full Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia
title_fullStr Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia
title_sort indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin k-othrine® (polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in sabah, malaysia
publisher Public Library of Science
publishDate 2020
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/25248/
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230860
_version_ 1680857013282668544
score 13.211869

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