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Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds

BACKGROUND: Non-edible oil such as Jatropha oil has high free fatty acids (FFAs) content. Therefore, acid esterification is a suitable route to reduce its FFA content to an acceptable limit (2 FFA%) before being subjected to further transesterification. In the present study, Jatropha seeds were util...

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Main Authors: Tan, Shiou Xuan, Ong, Hwai Chyuan, Lim, Steven, Pang, Yean Ling, Milano, Jassinnee
Format: Article
Published: Wiley 2019
Subjects:
TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
TP Chemical technology
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/23291/
https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5869
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spelling my.um.eprints.232912020-01-03T03:01:23Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/23291/ Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds Tan, Shiou Xuan Ong, Hwai Chyuan Lim, Steven Pang, Yean Ling Milano, Jassinnee TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TP Chemical technology BACKGROUND: Non-edible oil such as Jatropha oil has high free fatty acids (FFAs) content. Therefore, acid esterification is a suitable route to reduce its FFA content to an acceptable limit (2 FFA%) before being subjected to further transesterification. In the present study, Jatropha seeds were utilized as the feedstock directly instead of Jatropha oil during ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification. The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds using sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) as catalyst with the aid of ultrasound. RESULTS: The reaction parameters (particle size, n-hexane to methanol volume ratio, H 2 SO 4 amount, reaction time and ultrasonic amplitude) were optimized and evaluated in term of extraction and esterification efficiencies as well as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield. The highest extraction efficiency of 83.96%, esterification efficiency of 71.10% and FAME yield of 38.58% were achieved at particle size of 1–2 mm, n-hexane to methanol volume ratio of 3:1, 5 vol% of H 2 SO 4 and ultrasonic amplitude of 60% with reaction time of 150 min. CONCLUSION: Synthesis of biodiesel via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds was successful with considerable yield, which could provide improvement in terms of process intensification and more value added by-products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry Wiley 2019 Article PeerReviewed Tan, Shiou Xuan and Ong, Hwai Chyuan and Lim, Steven and Pang, Yean Ling and Milano, Jassinnee (2019) Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 94 (5). pp. 1362-1373. ISSN 0268-2575 https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5869 doi:10.1002/jctb.5869
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
TP Chemical technology
Tan, Shiou Xuan
Ong, Hwai Chyuan
Lim, Steven
Pang, Yean Ling
Milano, Jassinnee
Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds
description BACKGROUND: Non-edible oil such as Jatropha oil has high free fatty acids (FFAs) content. Therefore, acid esterification is a suitable route to reduce its FFA content to an acceptable limit (2 FFA%) before being subjected to further transesterification. In the present study, Jatropha seeds were utilized as the feedstock directly instead of Jatropha oil during ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification. The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds using sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) as catalyst with the aid of ultrasound. RESULTS: The reaction parameters (particle size, n-hexane to methanol volume ratio, H 2 SO 4 amount, reaction time and ultrasonic amplitude) were optimized and evaluated in term of extraction and esterification efficiencies as well as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield. The highest extraction efficiency of 83.96%, esterification efficiency of 71.10% and FAME yield of 38.58% were achieved at particle size of 1–2 mm, n-hexane to methanol volume ratio of 3:1, 5 vol% of H 2 SO 4 and ultrasonic amplitude of 60% with reaction time of 150 min. CONCLUSION: Synthesis of biodiesel via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds was successful with considerable yield, which could provide improvement in terms of process intensification and more value added by-products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
format Article
author Tan, Shiou Xuan
Ong, Hwai Chyuan
Lim, Steven
Pang, Yean Ling
Milano, Jassinnee
author_facet Tan, Shiou Xuan
Ong, Hwai Chyuan
Lim, Steven
Pang, Yean Ling
Milano, Jassinnee
author_sort Tan, Shiou Xuan
title Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds
title_short Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds
title_full Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds
title_fullStr Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds
title_full_unstemmed Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds
title_sort process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound-assisted in situ esterification of jatropha oil seeds
publisher Wiley
publishDate 2019
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/23291/
https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5869
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score 13.211869

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