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Production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester

This paper presented experimental results to evaluate the optimization of production parameters through response surface methodology. These parameters significantly affected the yield of cottonseed oil methyl ester (COME). The input variables for the production of methyl ester from cottonseed oil we...

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Main Authors:	Jamshaid, Muhammad, Masjuki, Haji Hassan, Kalam, Md. Abul, Zulkifli, Nurin Wahidah Mohd, Arslan, Ahmed, Alwi, Azham, Khuong, Leang So, Alabdulkarem, Abdullah, Syahir, A.Z.
Format:	Article
Published:	Elsevier 2019
Subjects:	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/20061/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.126
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spelling	my.um.eprints.200612019-01-18T02:01:57Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/20061/ Production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester Jamshaid, Muhammad Masjuki, Haji Hassan Kalam, Md. Abul Zulkifli, Nurin Wahidah Mohd Arslan, Ahmed Alwi, Azham Khuong, Leang So Alabdulkarem, Abdullah Syahir, A.Z. TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery This paper presented experimental results to evaluate the optimization of production parameters through response surface methodology. These parameters significantly affected the yield of cottonseed oil methyl ester (COME). The input variables for the production of methyl ester from cottonseed oil were methanol/oil molar ratio, concentration of catalyst, temperature, and stirring speed. The response or output variable was the yield of methyl ester. The fatty acid methyl ester composition of COME (biodiesel) was obtained using a gas chromatography (GC) analyzer. BS EN 14103:2011 was the standard used to analyze the fatty acid methyl ester. The derived mathematical model was statistically accurate to predict the optimum value of COME. The optimized values to obtain a 98.3% yield of methyl ester were as follows: methanol/oil molar ratio of 6:1, catalyst concentration of 0.97% (w/w), temperature of 63.8 °C, and speed of 797 rpm. The physicochemical properties of COME were measured in accordance with ASTM D6751. The friction and wear properties of COME and its blends with petroleum diesel were tested using a four-ball wear testing machine. The tribological characteristics of COME as a new biofuel were assessed. COME displayed good lubricity with a low coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter. The coefficient of friction of pure COME (COME100) was lower than that of pure petroleum diesel (DL100) and COME blends with petrol diesel (COME10, COME20, and COME50). The average coefficient of friction of COME 100 was lower than that of DL100, COME10, COME20, and COME50 by 28.06%, 19.49%, 7.49%, and 3.65%, respectively. The wear scar diameter of COME100 for the tested ball was lower than that of DL100, COME10, COME20, and COME50 by 47.6%, 33.3%, 32.1%, and 21.42%, respectively. The worn surfaces of the tested balls were examined by scanning electron microscopy, and the results were presented in this paper. Elsevier 2019 Article PeerReviewed Jamshaid, Muhammad and Masjuki, Haji Hassan and Kalam, Md. Abul and Zulkifli, Nurin Wahidah Mohd and Arslan, Ahmed and Alwi, Azham and Khuong, Leang So and Alabdulkarem, Abdullah and Syahir, A.Z. (2019) Production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester. Journal of Cleaner Production, 209. pp. 62-73. ISSN 0959-6526 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.126 doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.126
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
spellingShingle	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Jamshaid, Muhammad Masjuki, Haji Hassan Kalam, Md. Abul Zulkifli, Nurin Wahidah Mohd Arslan, Ahmed Alwi, Azham Khuong, Leang So Alabdulkarem, Abdullah Syahir, A.Z. Production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester
description	This paper presented experimental results to evaluate the optimization of production parameters through response surface methodology. These parameters significantly affected the yield of cottonseed oil methyl ester (COME). The input variables for the production of methyl ester from cottonseed oil were methanol/oil molar ratio, concentration of catalyst, temperature, and stirring speed. The response or output variable was the yield of methyl ester. The fatty acid methyl ester composition of COME (biodiesel) was obtained using a gas chromatography (GC) analyzer. BS EN 14103:2011 was the standard used to analyze the fatty acid methyl ester. The derived mathematical model was statistically accurate to predict the optimum value of COME. The optimized values to obtain a 98.3% yield of methyl ester were as follows: methanol/oil molar ratio of 6:1, catalyst concentration of 0.97% (w/w), temperature of 63.8 °C, and speed of 797 rpm. The physicochemical properties of COME were measured in accordance with ASTM D6751. The friction and wear properties of COME and its blends with petroleum diesel were tested using a four-ball wear testing machine. The tribological characteristics of COME as a new biofuel were assessed. COME displayed good lubricity with a low coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter. The coefficient of friction of pure COME (COME100) was lower than that of pure petroleum diesel (DL100) and COME blends with petrol diesel (COME10, COME20, and COME50). The average coefficient of friction of COME 100 was lower than that of DL100, COME10, COME20, and COME50 by 28.06%, 19.49%, 7.49%, and 3.65%, respectively. The wear scar diameter of COME100 for the tested ball was lower than that of DL100, COME10, COME20, and COME50 by 47.6%, 33.3%, 32.1%, and 21.42%, respectively. The worn surfaces of the tested balls were examined by scanning electron microscopy, and the results were presented in this paper.
format	Article
author	Jamshaid, Muhammad Masjuki, Haji Hassan Kalam, Md. Abul Zulkifli, Nurin Wahidah Mohd Arslan, Ahmed Alwi, Azham Khuong, Leang So Alabdulkarem, Abdullah Syahir, A.Z.
author_facet	Jamshaid, Muhammad Masjuki, Haji Hassan Kalam, Md. Abul Zulkifli, Nurin Wahidah Mohd Arslan, Ahmed Alwi, Azham Khuong, Leang So Alabdulkarem, Abdullah Syahir, A.Z.
author_sort	Jamshaid, Muhammad
title	Production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester
title_short	Production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester
title_full	Production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester
title_fullStr	Production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester
title_full_unstemmed	Production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester
title_sort	production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2019
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/20061/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.126
_version_	1643691167666143232
score	13.211869

Production optimization and tribological characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester

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