Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of the Primary Vector of Plasmodium knowlesi within a Major Transmission Focus in Sabah, Malaysia
Background: The simian malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi is emerging as a public health problem in Southeast Asia, particularly in Malaysian Borneo where it now accounts for the greatest burden of malaria cases and deaths. Control is hindered by limited understanding of the ecology of potential v...
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2015
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my.um.eprints.194502018-09-28T03:58:22Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/19450/ Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of the Primary Vector of Plasmodium knowlesi within a Major Transmission Focus in Sabah, Malaysia Wong, M.L. Chua, T.H. Leong, C.S. Khaw, L.T. Fornace, K. Wan Sulaiman, W.Y. William, T. Drakeley, C. Ferguson, H.M. Vythilingam, I. R Medicine Background: The simian malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi is emerging as a public health problem in Southeast Asia, particularly in Malaysian Borneo where it now accounts for the greatest burden of malaria cases and deaths. Control is hindered by limited understanding of the ecology of potential vector species. Methodology/Principal Findings: We conducted a one year longitudinal study of P. knowlesi vectors in three sites within an endemic area of Sabah, Malaysia. All mosquitoes were captured using human landing catch. Anopheles mosquitoes were dissected to determine, oocyst, sporozoites and parous rate. Anopheles balabacensis is confirmed as the primary vector of. P. knowlesi (using nested PCR) in Sabah for the first time. Vector densities were significantly higher and more seasonally variable in the village than forest or small scale farming site. However An. balabacensis survival and P. knowlesi infection rates were highest in forest and small scale farm sites. Anopheles balabacensis mostly bites humans outdoors in the early evening between 1800 to 2000hrs. Conclusions/Significance: This study indicates transmission is unlikely to be prevented by bednets. This combined with its high vectorial capacity poses a threat to malaria elimination programmes within the region. Public Library of Science 2015 Article PeerReviewed Wong, M.L. and Chua, T.H. and Leong, C.S. and Khaw, L.T. and Fornace, K. and Wan Sulaiman, W.Y. and William, T. and Drakeley, C. and Ferguson, H.M. and Vythilingam, I. (2015) Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of the Primary Vector of Plasmodium knowlesi within a Major Transmission Focus in Sabah, Malaysia. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 9 (10). e0004135. ISSN 1935-2735 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004135 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004135 |
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R Medicine Wong, M.L. Chua, T.H. Leong, C.S. Khaw, L.T. Fornace, K. Wan Sulaiman, W.Y. William, T. Drakeley, C. Ferguson, H.M. Vythilingam, I. Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of the Primary Vector of Plasmodium knowlesi within a Major Transmission Focus in Sabah, Malaysia |
| description |
Background: The simian malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi is emerging as a public health problem in Southeast Asia, particularly in Malaysian Borneo where it now accounts for the greatest burden of malaria cases and deaths. Control is hindered by limited understanding of the ecology of potential vector species. Methodology/Principal Findings: We conducted a one year longitudinal study of P. knowlesi vectors in three sites within an endemic area of Sabah, Malaysia. All mosquitoes were captured using human landing catch. Anopheles mosquitoes were dissected to determine, oocyst, sporozoites and parous rate. Anopheles balabacensis is confirmed as the primary vector of. P. knowlesi (using nested PCR) in Sabah for the first time. Vector densities were significantly higher and more seasonally variable in the village than forest or small scale farming site. However An. balabacensis survival and P. knowlesi infection rates were highest in forest and small scale farm sites. Anopheles balabacensis mostly bites humans outdoors in the early evening between 1800 to 2000hrs. Conclusions/Significance: This study indicates transmission is unlikely to be prevented by bednets. This combined with its high vectorial capacity poses a threat to malaria elimination programmes within the region. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Wong, M.L. Chua, T.H. Leong, C.S. Khaw, L.T. Fornace, K. Wan Sulaiman, W.Y. William, T. Drakeley, C. Ferguson, H.M. Vythilingam, I. |
| author_facet |
Wong, M.L. Chua, T.H. Leong, C.S. Khaw, L.T. Fornace, K. Wan Sulaiman, W.Y. William, T. Drakeley, C. Ferguson, H.M. Vythilingam, I. |
| author_sort |
Wong, M.L. |
| title |
Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of the Primary Vector of Plasmodium knowlesi within a Major Transmission Focus in Sabah, Malaysia |
| title_short |
Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of the Primary Vector of Plasmodium knowlesi within a Major Transmission Focus in Sabah, Malaysia |
| title_full |
Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of the Primary Vector of Plasmodium knowlesi within a Major Transmission Focus in Sabah, Malaysia |
| title_fullStr |
Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of the Primary Vector of Plasmodium knowlesi within a Major Transmission Focus in Sabah, Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of the Primary Vector of Plasmodium knowlesi within a Major Transmission Focus in Sabah, Malaysia |
| title_sort |
seasonal and spatial dynamics of the primary vector of plasmodium knowlesi within a major transmission focus in sabah, malaysia |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
http://eprints.um.edu.my/19450/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004135 |
| _version_ |
1643690992089432064 |
| score |
13.211869 |