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Environment and air pollution like gun and bullet for low-income countries: war for better health and wealth

The objective of the study is to examine the impact of environmental indicators and air pollution on “health” and “wealth” for the low-income countries. The study used a number of promising variables including arable land, fossil fuel energy consumption, population density, and carbon dioxide emissi...

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Main Authors: Zou, X., Azam, M., Islam, T., Zaman, K.
Format: Article
Published: Springer Verlag (Germany) 2016
Subjects:
HB Economic Theory
HC Economic History and Conditions
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/18657/
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5591-3
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spelling my.um.eprints.186572018-05-14T07:34:30Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/18657/ Environment and air pollution like gun and bullet for low-income countries: war for better health and wealth Zou, X. Azam, M. Islam, T. Zaman, K. HB Economic Theory HC Economic History and Conditions The objective of the study is to examine the impact of environmental indicators and air pollution on “health” and “wealth” for the low-income countries. The study used a number of promising variables including arable land, fossil fuel energy consumption, population density, and carbon dioxide emissions that simultaneously affect the health (i.e., health expenditures per capita) and wealth (i.e., GDP per capita) of the low-income countries. The general representation for low-income countries has shown by aggregate data that consist of 39 observations from the period of 1975–2013. The study decomposes the data set from different econometric tests for managing robust inferences. The study uses temporal forecasting for the health and wealth model by a vector error correction model (VECM) and an innovation accounting technique. The results show that environment and air pollution is the menace for low-income countries’ health and wealth. Among environmental indicators, arable land has the largest variance to affect health and wealth for the next 10-year period, while air pollution exerts the least contribution to change health and wealth of low-income countries. These results indicate the prevalence of war situation, where environment and air pollution become visible like “gun” and “bullet” for low-income countries. There are required sound and effective macroeconomic policies to combat with the environmental evils that affect the health and wealth of the low-income countries. Springer Verlag (Germany) 2016 Article PeerReviewed Zou, X. and Azam, M. and Islam, T. and Zaman, K. (2016) Environment and air pollution like gun and bullet for low-income countries: war for better health and wealth. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23 (4). pp. 3641-3657. ISSN 0944-1344 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5591-3 doi:10.1007/s11356-015-5591-3
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic HB Economic Theory
HC Economic History and Conditions
spellingShingle HB Economic Theory
HC Economic History and Conditions
Zou, X.
Azam, M.
Islam, T.
Zaman, K.
Environment and air pollution like gun and bullet for low-income countries: war for better health and wealth
description The objective of the study is to examine the impact of environmental indicators and air pollution on “health” and “wealth” for the low-income countries. The study used a number of promising variables including arable land, fossil fuel energy consumption, population density, and carbon dioxide emissions that simultaneously affect the health (i.e., health expenditures per capita) and wealth (i.e., GDP per capita) of the low-income countries. The general representation for low-income countries has shown by aggregate data that consist of 39 observations from the period of 1975–2013. The study decomposes the data set from different econometric tests for managing robust inferences. The study uses temporal forecasting for the health and wealth model by a vector error correction model (VECM) and an innovation accounting technique. The results show that environment and air pollution is the menace for low-income countries’ health and wealth. Among environmental indicators, arable land has the largest variance to affect health and wealth for the next 10-year period, while air pollution exerts the least contribution to change health and wealth of low-income countries. These results indicate the prevalence of war situation, where environment and air pollution become visible like “gun” and “bullet” for low-income countries. There are required sound and effective macroeconomic policies to combat with the environmental evils that affect the health and wealth of the low-income countries.
format Article
author Zou, X.
Azam, M.
Islam, T.
Zaman, K.
author_facet Zou, X.
Azam, M.
Islam, T.
Zaman, K.
author_sort Zou, X.
title Environment and air pollution like gun and bullet for low-income countries: war for better health and wealth
title_short Environment and air pollution like gun and bullet for low-income countries: war for better health and wealth
title_full Environment and air pollution like gun and bullet for low-income countries: war for better health and wealth
title_fullStr Environment and air pollution like gun and bullet for low-income countries: war for better health and wealth
title_full_unstemmed Environment and air pollution like gun and bullet for low-income countries: war for better health and wealth
title_sort environment and air pollution like gun and bullet for low-income countries: war for better health and wealth
publisher Springer Verlag (Germany)
publishDate 2016
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/18657/
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5591-3
_version_ 1643690757020712960
score 13.211869

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