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FTIR and bulk density study of vulcanized natural rubber/sodium bicarbonate composite / Nursyazana Amira Mohd Azari

The study's main objectives were to characterise the NR/SB samples using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and physical testing, specifically density measurement, and to investigate the mechanism of peroxide vulcanization with the NR/SB composite. Dicumyl peroxide (DCP), the peroxi...

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Main Author: Mohd Azari, Nursyazana Amira
Format: Student Project
Language:English
Published: 2023
Subjects:
Polymers. Macromolecules
Online Access:https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/93314/1/93314.pdf
https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/93314/
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spelling my.uitm.ir.933142024-05-29T16:34:16Z https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/93314/ FTIR and bulk density study of vulcanized natural rubber/sodium bicarbonate composite / Nursyazana Amira Mohd Azari Mohd Azari, Nursyazana Amira Polymers. Macromolecules The study's main objectives were to characterise the NR/SB samples using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and physical testing, specifically density measurement, and to investigate the mechanism of peroxide vulcanization with the NR/SB composite. Dicumyl peroxide (DCP), the peroxide that is employed, breaks down into radical peroxides that react with the chains of natural rubber (NR). The study found that, as seen in the FTIR spectra, the peroxide radicals can remove hydrogen from the tertiary and secondary carbon groups in the NR. In the NR, particularly in the side chain vinyl groups, addition reactions also take place between the peroxide radicals and the unsaturated double bonds. Major and minor products are produced as a result of addition reactions. The addition of sodium bicarbonate caused the CO2 and water to break down, causing pores to form in the rubber samples. The FTIR spectra, which displayed modifications in hydrogen bonding and the presence of C=O bond stretching vibrations from sodium carbonate and acetophenone, supported this. From the initial time until the 5th minute, density measurements revealed a reduction, showing the development of cells as a result of crosslinking. Beyond 5 minutes, however, density increased as a result of cell collapse and possible NR breakdown. The proliferation of cells and product leakage were factors in the deterioration. The research advances knowledge of the crosslinking procedure and probable deterioration in such composites, which may have an impact on the creation and improvement of NR-based materials. 2023 Student Project NonPeerReviewed text en https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/93314/1/93314.pdf FTIR and bulk density study of vulcanized natural rubber/sodium bicarbonate composite / Nursyazana Amira Mohd Azari. (2023) [Student Project] (Submitted)
institution Universiti Teknologi Mara
building Tun Abdul Razak Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Mara
content_source UiTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.uitm.edu.my/
language English
topic Polymers. Macromolecules
spellingShingle Polymers. Macromolecules
Mohd Azari, Nursyazana Amira
FTIR and bulk density study of vulcanized natural rubber/sodium bicarbonate composite / Nursyazana Amira Mohd Azari
description The study's main objectives were to characterise the NR/SB samples using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and physical testing, specifically density measurement, and to investigate the mechanism of peroxide vulcanization with the NR/SB composite. Dicumyl peroxide (DCP), the peroxide that is employed, breaks down into radical peroxides that react with the chains of natural rubber (NR). The study found that, as seen in the FTIR spectra, the peroxide radicals can remove hydrogen from the tertiary and secondary carbon groups in the NR. In the NR, particularly in the side chain vinyl groups, addition reactions also take place between the peroxide radicals and the unsaturated double bonds. Major and minor products are produced as a result of addition reactions. The addition of sodium bicarbonate caused the CO2 and water to break down, causing pores to form in the rubber samples. The FTIR spectra, which displayed modifications in hydrogen bonding and the presence of C=O bond stretching vibrations from sodium carbonate and acetophenone, supported this. From the initial time until the 5th minute, density measurements revealed a reduction, showing the development of cells as a result of crosslinking. Beyond 5 minutes, however, density increased as a result of cell collapse and possible NR breakdown. The proliferation of cells and product leakage were factors in the deterioration. The research advances knowledge of the crosslinking procedure and probable deterioration in such composites, which may have an impact on the creation and improvement of NR-based materials.
format Student Project
author Mohd Azari, Nursyazana Amira
author_facet Mohd Azari, Nursyazana Amira
author_sort Mohd Azari, Nursyazana Amira
title FTIR and bulk density study of vulcanized natural rubber/sodium bicarbonate composite / Nursyazana Amira Mohd Azari
title_short FTIR and bulk density study of vulcanized natural rubber/sodium bicarbonate composite / Nursyazana Amira Mohd Azari
title_full FTIR and bulk density study of vulcanized natural rubber/sodium bicarbonate composite / Nursyazana Amira Mohd Azari
title_fullStr FTIR and bulk density study of vulcanized natural rubber/sodium bicarbonate composite / Nursyazana Amira Mohd Azari
title_full_unstemmed FTIR and bulk density study of vulcanized natural rubber/sodium bicarbonate composite / Nursyazana Amira Mohd Azari
title_sort ftir and bulk density study of vulcanized natural rubber/sodium bicarbonate composite / nursyazana amira mohd azari
publishDate 2023
url https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/93314/1/93314.pdf
https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/93314/
_version_ 1800726681724387328
score 13.211869

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