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The densification of hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste at different sintering temperature / Natasha Ahmad Nawawi ... [et al.]

The outstanding biocompatibility and bioactivity properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) as a bio-implant material have garnered significant attention in prompting its extensive study. However, due to its brittleness and lower strength, its usage as a bone implant in load-bearing regions of biomedical app...

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Main Authors: Ahmad Nawawi, Natasha, Ahmad, Nur Natrah Auni, Nurul Hidayah Imaniah Noor Hamdan, Nurul Hidayah Imaniah, Le Thi Bang, Le Thi Bang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) 2023
Subjects:
TP Chemical technology
Online Access:https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/87295/1/87295.pdf
https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/87295/
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spelling my.uitm.ir.872952023-11-17T02:31:38Z https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/87295/ The densification of hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste at different sintering temperature / Natasha Ahmad Nawawi ... [et al.] jmeche Ahmad Nawawi, Natasha Ahmad, Nur Natrah Auni Nurul Hidayah Imaniah Noor Hamdan, Nurul Hidayah Imaniah Le Thi Bang, Le Thi Bang TP Chemical technology The outstanding biocompatibility and bioactivity properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) as a bio-implant material have garnered significant attention in prompting its extensive study. However, due to its brittleness and lower strength, its usage as a bone implant in load-bearing regions of biomedical applications is limited. The mechanical performance of the HA bodies is decreased by transformation-induced cracking as well as uncontrolled grain development. However, sintered HA ceramics with superior mechanical characteristics may be created if the prepared powder has better powder attributes including stoichiometry, crystallinity, agglomeration, and morphology from the start. Thus, this research explored the preparation of HA from discarded eggshells as a source of calcium via the dry reaction method and the correlation between its sinterability, densification, and mechanical properties at various sintering temperatures. In this work, the calcined eggshell powder was mixed with Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate (CHPD) via ball milling at 400 rpm speed for 4 hours and subsequently heat treated at 800 °C. The synthesized HA powder was compacted via hydraulic press and then sintered at temperatures of 1100 ℃, 1150 ℃, 1200 ℃, and 1250 ℃. The XRD analysis of the sintered HA samples revealed that the phase stability of the HA phase remained unaffected up to 1250 °C. Similar trends of average grain size, relative density, and hardness to sintering temperature were observed. HA samples sintered at 1250 °C exhibited the optimum mechanical properties with a relative density of 90.72% and a hardness of 4.34 GPa. It is believed that the grain boundary diffusion through the densification mechanism does not reach a densification level that is conducive to grain growth. Hence, the hardness still increased although the densification was relatively low. It can be concluded that HA densification significantly influences the grain coarsening and mechanical properties of the eggshell-derived HA. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) 2023-11 Article PeerReviewed text en https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/87295/1/87295.pdf The densification of hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste at different sintering temperature / Natasha Ahmad Nawawi ... [et al.]. (2023) Journal of Mechanical Engineering (JMechE) <https://ir.uitm.edu.my/view/publication/Journal_of_Mechanical_Engineering_=28JMechE=29/>, 12 (1): 14. pp. 269-281. ISSN 1823-5514 ; 2550-164X
institution Universiti Teknologi Mara
building Tun Abdul Razak Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Mara
content_source UiTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.uitm.edu.my/
language English
topic TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Ahmad Nawawi, Natasha
Ahmad, Nur Natrah Auni
Nurul Hidayah Imaniah Noor Hamdan, Nurul Hidayah Imaniah
Le Thi Bang, Le Thi Bang
The densification of hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste at different sintering temperature / Natasha Ahmad Nawawi ... [et al.]
description The outstanding biocompatibility and bioactivity properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) as a bio-implant material have garnered significant attention in prompting its extensive study. However, due to its brittleness and lower strength, its usage as a bone implant in load-bearing regions of biomedical applications is limited. The mechanical performance of the HA bodies is decreased by transformation-induced cracking as well as uncontrolled grain development. However, sintered HA ceramics with superior mechanical characteristics may be created if the prepared powder has better powder attributes including stoichiometry, crystallinity, agglomeration, and morphology from the start. Thus, this research explored the preparation of HA from discarded eggshells as a source of calcium via the dry reaction method and the correlation between its sinterability, densification, and mechanical properties at various sintering temperatures. In this work, the calcined eggshell powder was mixed with Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate (CHPD) via ball milling at 400 rpm speed for 4 hours and subsequently heat treated at 800 °C. The synthesized HA powder was compacted via hydraulic press and then sintered at temperatures of 1100 ℃, 1150 ℃, 1200 ℃, and 1250 ℃. The XRD analysis of the sintered HA samples revealed that the phase stability of the HA phase remained unaffected up to 1250 °C. Similar trends of average grain size, relative density, and hardness to sintering temperature were observed. HA samples sintered at 1250 °C exhibited the optimum mechanical properties with a relative density of 90.72% and a hardness of 4.34 GPa. It is believed that the grain boundary diffusion through the densification mechanism does not reach a densification level that is conducive to grain growth. Hence, the hardness still increased although the densification was relatively low. It can be concluded that HA densification significantly influences the grain coarsening and mechanical properties of the eggshell-derived HA.
format Article
author Ahmad Nawawi, Natasha
Ahmad, Nur Natrah Auni
Nurul Hidayah Imaniah Noor Hamdan, Nurul Hidayah Imaniah
Le Thi Bang, Le Thi Bang
author_facet Ahmad Nawawi, Natasha
Ahmad, Nur Natrah Auni
Nurul Hidayah Imaniah Noor Hamdan, Nurul Hidayah Imaniah
Le Thi Bang, Le Thi Bang
author_sort Ahmad Nawawi, Natasha
title The densification of hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste at different sintering temperature / Natasha Ahmad Nawawi ... [et al.]
title_short The densification of hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste at different sintering temperature / Natasha Ahmad Nawawi ... [et al.]
title_full The densification of hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste at different sintering temperature / Natasha Ahmad Nawawi ... [et al.]
title_fullStr The densification of hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste at different sintering temperature / Natasha Ahmad Nawawi ... [et al.]
title_full_unstemmed The densification of hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste at different sintering temperature / Natasha Ahmad Nawawi ... [et al.]
title_sort densification of hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste at different sintering temperature / natasha ahmad nawawi ... [et al.]
publisher Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
publishDate 2023
url https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/87295/1/87295.pdf
https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/87295/
_version_ 1783882345118433280
score 13.211869

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