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Bio-lubricant production based on optimum epoxidized oleic acid using in situ peracid mechanism / Tunku Arif Zafri Tunku Ozir

Conventional bio-lubricants are produced from petroleum, where petroleum-based components have the potential to give environmental threats. Bio-lubricants based on vegetable oil, such as palm oil, can be a replacement for petroleum as the base ingredient. The epoxidation process is essential to alte...

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Main Author: Tunku Ozir, Tunku Arif Zafri
Format: Student Project
Language:English
Published: 2022
Subjects:
Biotechnology
Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering
Petroleum refining. Petroleum products
Online Access:https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/67451/1/67451.pdf
https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/67451/
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spelling my.uitm.ir.674512022-10-28T03:29:40Z https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/67451/ Bio-lubricant production based on optimum epoxidized oleic acid using in situ peracid mechanism / Tunku Arif Zafri Tunku Ozir Tunku Ozir, Tunku Arif Zafri Biotechnology Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering Petroleum refining. Petroleum products Conventional bio-lubricants are produced from petroleum, where petroleum-based components have the potential to give environmental threats. Bio-lubricants based on vegetable oil, such as palm oil, can be a replacement for petroleum as the base ingredient. The epoxidation process is essential to alter the vegetable oil into bio-lubricants. However, due to less study on the optimum process parameters, such as the molar ratio of formic acid (FA) to unsaturation dated palm oil oleic acid (OA), molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to unsaturation dated palm oil oleic acid and the agitation speed, the optimum of each parameters was determined for the epoxidation of dated palm oil oleic acid by peracid in-situ peracid mechanism. The determination of the optimum process parameters used the one factor at a time (OFAT) method. The research was performed under a constant temperature of 60oC. Moreover, less research was found regarding the bio-lubricant productrion using epoxidized palm oil, thus, the second objective was to produce bio-lubricant from epoxidized oleic acid by the chosen method which was alcoholysis. The alcohols used consisted of methanol, tert-butyl alcohol and ethanolamine. The identity of the bio-lubricants were confirmed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Analysis. Other than that, a kinetic modelling was performed using MATLAB, genetic algorithm optimization tool as a few reserch can be found to support the method. Apart from optimizing the epoxidation process, the reaction rates were determined. The optimum molar ratio of FA/OA, molar ratio of HP/OA and the agitation speed were obtained 1.0:1.0, 0.5:1.0 and 200 rpm respectively. Furthermore, the bio-lubricant produced by alcoholysis using three different alcohols were analyzed using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Lastly, the kinetic reaction rates were determined using genetic algorithm MATLAB optimization tool and the experimental data was compared together with the simulation data. 2022 Student Project NonPeerReviewed text en https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/67451/1/67451.pdf Bio-lubricant production based on optimum epoxidized oleic acid using in situ peracid mechanism / Tunku Arif Zafri Tunku Ozir. (2022) [Student Project] <http://terminalib.uitm.edu.my/67451.pdf> (Unpublished)
institution Universiti Teknologi Mara
building Tun Abdul Razak Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Mara
content_source UiTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.uitm.edu.my/
language English
topic Biotechnology
Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering
Petroleum refining. Petroleum products
spellingShingle Biotechnology
Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering
Petroleum refining. Petroleum products
Tunku Ozir, Tunku Arif Zafri
Bio-lubricant production based on optimum epoxidized oleic acid using in situ peracid mechanism / Tunku Arif Zafri Tunku Ozir
description Conventional bio-lubricants are produced from petroleum, where petroleum-based components have the potential to give environmental threats. Bio-lubricants based on vegetable oil, such as palm oil, can be a replacement for petroleum as the base ingredient. The epoxidation process is essential to alter the vegetable oil into bio-lubricants. However, due to less study on the optimum process parameters, such as the molar ratio of formic acid (FA) to unsaturation dated palm oil oleic acid (OA), molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to unsaturation dated palm oil oleic acid and the agitation speed, the optimum of each parameters was determined for the epoxidation of dated palm oil oleic acid by peracid in-situ peracid mechanism. The determination of the optimum process parameters used the one factor at a time (OFAT) method. The research was performed under a constant temperature of 60oC. Moreover, less research was found regarding the bio-lubricant productrion using epoxidized palm oil, thus, the second objective was to produce bio-lubricant from epoxidized oleic acid by the chosen method which was alcoholysis. The alcohols used consisted of methanol, tert-butyl alcohol and ethanolamine. The identity of the bio-lubricants were confirmed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Analysis. Other than that, a kinetic modelling was performed using MATLAB, genetic algorithm optimization tool as a few reserch can be found to support the method. Apart from optimizing the epoxidation process, the reaction rates were determined. The optimum molar ratio of FA/OA, molar ratio of HP/OA and the agitation speed were obtained 1.0:1.0, 0.5:1.0 and 200 rpm respectively. Furthermore, the bio-lubricant produced by alcoholysis using three different alcohols were analyzed using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Lastly, the kinetic reaction rates were determined using genetic algorithm MATLAB optimization tool and the experimental data was compared together with the simulation data.
format Student Project
author Tunku Ozir, Tunku Arif Zafri
author_facet Tunku Ozir, Tunku Arif Zafri
author_sort Tunku Ozir, Tunku Arif Zafri
title Bio-lubricant production based on optimum epoxidized oleic acid using in situ peracid mechanism / Tunku Arif Zafri Tunku Ozir
title_short Bio-lubricant production based on optimum epoxidized oleic acid using in situ peracid mechanism / Tunku Arif Zafri Tunku Ozir
title_full Bio-lubricant production based on optimum epoxidized oleic acid using in situ peracid mechanism / Tunku Arif Zafri Tunku Ozir
title_fullStr Bio-lubricant production based on optimum epoxidized oleic acid using in situ peracid mechanism / Tunku Arif Zafri Tunku Ozir
title_full_unstemmed Bio-lubricant production based on optimum epoxidized oleic acid using in situ peracid mechanism / Tunku Arif Zafri Tunku Ozir
title_sort bio-lubricant production based on optimum epoxidized oleic acid using in situ peracid mechanism / tunku arif zafri tunku ozir
publishDate 2022
url https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/67451/1/67451.pdf
https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/67451/
_version_ 1748183975144194048
score 13.211869

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