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Environmental exposure of legionella spp. in cooling systems at selected hospitals in Klang Valley / Muhammad Rushdi Ibrahim

This paper describes the environmental exposure of Legionella spp. at three (n=3) selected hospitals in the Klang Valley. The study involves the isolation of Legionella spp. using positive pressure membrane filtration method, and then the calculation of exposure dose. The exposure dose is then plott...

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Main Author: Ibrahim, Muhammad Rushdi
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2010
Subjects:
QR Microbiology
Environmental effects of industries and plants
Online Access:https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/53264/1/53264.PDF
https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/53264/
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spelling my.uitm.ir.532642024-02-09T07:00:59Z https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/53264/ Environmental exposure of legionella spp. in cooling systems at selected hospitals in Klang Valley / Muhammad Rushdi Ibrahim Ibrahim, Muhammad Rushdi QR Microbiology Environmental effects of industries and plants This paper describes the environmental exposure of Legionella spp. at three (n=3) selected hospitals in the Klang Valley. The study involves the isolation of Legionella spp. using positive pressure membrane filtration method, and then the calculation of exposure dose. The exposure dose is then plotted onto the satellite map at the sampling location, indicating the environmental exposure to the residential population. The results showed that 20% of the cooling towers in Kuala Lumpur were contaminated; 11 % for Sungai Buloh; and 66.67% of cooling towers in Serdang Hospital was contaminated. The exposure dose ranges from 0.90 cfum3/mUkg/day to 50 cfum3/mUkg/day. There is a significant difference between the bacterial growth for morning and evening sample, due to the evening sample taken on microbiocide treatment day (p= 0.005). Chlorine was used as disinfection method for the cooling water, but there is a significance difference between the concentrations of free chlorine on the sample with the standard concentration based on standard by Ministry of the Environment Singapore (p= 0.00). Statistical analysis also revealed that treatment using microbiocide is significantly associated with the bacterial growth (p= 0.009). Nevertheless, in order to determine the overall environmental exposure, the cooling towers in other buildings and also environmental factors such as weather, wind direction and velocity has to be considered. The low number of Legionnaires' disease is also linked with the formation of anti-Legionella antibodies, but further research is needed to confirm this. As a conclusion, Legionella spp. was isolated in the cooling towers (n=31) of selected hospitals in Klang Valley, with the exposure dose up to 50 cfum3/mUkg/day. Chlorine was used to disinfect the cooling water, but the dose is not up to the referral standard from Singapore. 2010-05 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/53264/1/53264.PDF Environmental exposure of legionella spp. in cooling systems at selected hospitals in Klang Valley / Muhammad Rushdi Ibrahim. (2010) Degree thesis, thesis, Universiti Teknologi MARA ( Kampus Puncak Alam ).
institution Universiti Teknologi Mara
building Tun Abdul Razak Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Mara
content_source UiTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.uitm.edu.my/
language English
topic QR Microbiology
Environmental effects of industries and plants
spellingShingle QR Microbiology
Environmental effects of industries and plants
Ibrahim, Muhammad Rushdi
Environmental exposure of legionella spp. in cooling systems at selected hospitals in Klang Valley / Muhammad Rushdi Ibrahim
description This paper describes the environmental exposure of Legionella spp. at three (n=3) selected hospitals in the Klang Valley. The study involves the isolation of Legionella spp. using positive pressure membrane filtration method, and then the calculation of exposure dose. The exposure dose is then plotted onto the satellite map at the sampling location, indicating the environmental exposure to the residential population. The results showed that 20% of the cooling towers in Kuala Lumpur were contaminated; 11 % for Sungai Buloh; and 66.67% of cooling towers in Serdang Hospital was contaminated. The exposure dose ranges from 0.90 cfum3/mUkg/day to 50 cfum3/mUkg/day. There is a significant difference between the bacterial growth for morning and evening sample, due to the evening sample taken on microbiocide treatment day (p= 0.005). Chlorine was used as disinfection method for the cooling water, but there is a significance difference between the concentrations of free chlorine on the sample with the standard concentration based on standard by Ministry of the Environment Singapore (p= 0.00). Statistical analysis also revealed that treatment using microbiocide is significantly associated with the bacterial growth (p= 0.009). Nevertheless, in order to determine the overall environmental exposure, the cooling towers in other buildings and also environmental factors such as weather, wind direction and velocity has to be considered. The low number of Legionnaires' disease is also linked with the formation of anti-Legionella antibodies, but further research is needed to confirm this. As a conclusion, Legionella spp. was isolated in the cooling towers (n=31) of selected hospitals in Klang Valley, with the exposure dose up to 50 cfum3/mUkg/day. Chlorine was used to disinfect the cooling water, but the dose is not up to the referral standard from Singapore.
format Thesis
author Ibrahim, Muhammad Rushdi
author_facet Ibrahim, Muhammad Rushdi
author_sort Ibrahim, Muhammad Rushdi
title Environmental exposure of legionella spp. in cooling systems at selected hospitals in Klang Valley / Muhammad Rushdi Ibrahim
title_short Environmental exposure of legionella spp. in cooling systems at selected hospitals in Klang Valley / Muhammad Rushdi Ibrahim
title_full Environmental exposure of legionella spp. in cooling systems at selected hospitals in Klang Valley / Muhammad Rushdi Ibrahim
title_fullStr Environmental exposure of legionella spp. in cooling systems at selected hospitals in Klang Valley / Muhammad Rushdi Ibrahim
title_full_unstemmed Environmental exposure of legionella spp. in cooling systems at selected hospitals in Klang Valley / Muhammad Rushdi Ibrahim
title_sort environmental exposure of legionella spp. in cooling systems at selected hospitals in klang valley / muhammad rushdi ibrahim
publishDate 2010
url https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/53264/1/53264.PDF
https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/53264/
_version_ 1792159323115225088
score 13.211869

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