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The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid

Ethyl formate was tested both in laboratory and in polyvinyl chloride tent fumigation for disinfesting milled rice to control Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium casteneum, Oryzaephilus surinemensis and Rhyzopertha dominica. The laboratory experiments were to verify the effective gas exposure time and the...

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Main Author:	Hamid, Nur'amira
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2016
Subjects:	Pest control and treatment of diseases. Plant protection
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40328/1/40328.pdf https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40328/
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spelling	my.uitm.ir.403282024-12-30T04:16:24Z https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40328/ The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid Hamid, Nur'amira Pest control and treatment of diseases. Plant protection Ethyl formate was tested both in laboratory and in polyvinyl chloride tent fumigation for disinfesting milled rice to control Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium casteneum, Oryzaephilus surinemensis and Rhyzopertha dominica. The laboratory experiments were to verify the effective gas exposure time and the lethal concentration to kill 99% of the population (Lc99). Milled rice fumigation in 1-tonne polyethylene bags with test insects was to assess procedure for field application for bagged rice during storage, the effective concentration, exposure time, and effect on eating quality of the cooked rice. The Lc99 and the calculated Ct product from laboratory studies conducted in desiccators for Tribolium casteneum was respectively 50.72 mgL-1, 239.00 mghL-1; Oryzaephilus surinemensis 26.22 mgL-1, 158.5 mghL-1; Sitophilus oryzae 50.22 mgL-1 \ 239 mghL-1; and Rhyzophertha dominica 26.83 mgL-1, 83.94 mghL-1. Based on least susceptible Tribolium casteneum, milled rice fumigation requires 291.9 gm-3 to achieve Lc99 and Ct product 162.5 ghm-1 after 24 hour; 227.6 gm-3 and 562.0ghm-3 for 48 hour. It is recommended 230-300 gm-3 concentration range and 48 hour exposure period be adopted to ensure effectiveness against all species and insect stages in milled rice fumigation. The eating quality of cooked rice in terms of the aroma, stickiness, taste, colour and overall acceptability was not affected from the multiple exposure (3 times) to the ethyl formate. Findings from this study indicated ethyl formate is a potential replacement for methyl bromide and phosphine but it is recommended that the compressed fumigant with carbon dioxide can be used for commercial application to improve evaporation and gas penetration within fumigated space of the liquid formulation used in this study. 2016 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40328/1/40328.pdf The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid. (2016) Masters thesis, thesis, Universiti Teknologi MARA. <http://terminalib.uitm.edu.my/40328.pdf>
institution	Universiti Teknologi Mara
building	Tun Abdul Razak Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Teknologi Mara
content_source	UiTM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://ir.uitm.edu.my/
language	English
topic	Pest control and treatment of diseases. Plant protection
spellingShingle	Pest control and treatment of diseases. Plant protection Hamid, Nur'amira The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
description	Ethyl formate was tested both in laboratory and in polyvinyl chloride tent fumigation for disinfesting milled rice to control Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium casteneum, Oryzaephilus surinemensis and Rhyzopertha dominica. The laboratory experiments were to verify the effective gas exposure time and the lethal concentration to kill 99% of the population (Lc99). Milled rice fumigation in 1-tonne polyethylene bags with test insects was to assess procedure for field application for bagged rice during storage, the effective concentration, exposure time, and effect on eating quality of the cooked rice. The Lc99 and the calculated Ct product from laboratory studies conducted in desiccators for Tribolium casteneum was respectively 50.72 mgL-1, 239.00 mghL-1; Oryzaephilus surinemensis 26.22 mgL-1, 158.5 mghL-1; Sitophilus oryzae 50.22 mgL-1 \ 239 mghL-1; and Rhyzophertha dominica 26.83 mgL-1, 83.94 mghL-1. Based on least susceptible Tribolium casteneum, milled rice fumigation requires 291.9 gm-3 to achieve Lc99 and Ct product 162.5 ghm-1 after 24 hour; 227.6 gm-3 and 562.0ghm-3 for 48 hour. It is recommended 230-300 gm-3 concentration range and 48 hour exposure period be adopted to ensure effectiveness against all species and insect stages in milled rice fumigation. The eating quality of cooked rice in terms of the aroma, stickiness, taste, colour and overall acceptability was not affected from the multiple exposure (3 times) to the ethyl formate. Findings from this study indicated ethyl formate is a potential replacement for methyl bromide and phosphine but it is recommended that the compressed fumigant with carbon dioxide can be used for commercial application to improve evaporation and gas penetration within fumigated space of the liquid formulation used in this study.
format	Thesis
author	Hamid, Nur'amira
author_facet	Hamid, Nur'amira
author_sort	Hamid, Nur'amira
title	The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
title_short	The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
title_full	The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
title_fullStr	The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
title_full_unstemmed	The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
title_sort	effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / nur'amira hamid
publishDate	2016
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40328/1/40328.pdf https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40328/
_version_	1821006268775530496
score	13.244745

The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid

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