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Effectiveness of different high temperatures to control stored-product beetles (different species) on stored rice grain / Normazura Ismail and Nur'Amira Hamid

Heat treatment is being chosen to be an alternative to replace the use of methyl bromide. It involved raising and maintaining the temperature in the warehouse or storage of grain between 50°C to 60°C to control the stored product beetles. The duration may vary from 6 hours to 24 hours based on the t...

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Main Authors: Ismail, Normazura, Hamid, Nur’Amira
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universiti Teknologi Mara Cawangan Pulau Pinang 2019
Subjects:
Electric heating. Resistance heating
Control of production systems
Cereals and grain. Milling industry
Online Access:http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/27147/1/AJ_NORMAZURA%20ISMAIL%20EAJ%20P%2019_5.pdf
http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/27147/
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spelling my.uitm.ir.271472020-03-20T11:34:16Z http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/27147/ Effectiveness of different high temperatures to control stored-product beetles (different species) on stored rice grain / Normazura Ismail and Nur'Amira Hamid Ismail, Normazura Hamid, Nur’Amira Electric heating. Resistance heating Control of production systems Cereals and grain. Milling industry Heat treatment is being chosen to be an alternative to replace the use of methyl bromide. It involved raising and maintaining the temperature in the warehouse or storage of grain between 50°C to 60°C to control the stored product beetles. The duration may vary from 6 hours to 24 hours based on the types of storage, grains and its quantity. The need for alternatives is vital, considering the statutory limit (until the year 2015) for methyl bromide usage other than for phytosanitary purpose, and the likely widespread occurrence of insect resistance to both methyl bromide and phosphine. To note, these have been used in Malaysia for over half a century. Thus, the objective of this study focusses on testing the effectiveness of lethal temperature and duration in controlling the stored product beetles. High temperatures were used ( 30°C, 60°C, 70°C and 80°C) to decease the stored product beetles which are Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium casteneum, and Oryzaephilus surinamensis. By using an oven, milled rice with tested beetles were exposed to the heat treatment. Each day, the heat exposures were given for 15 minutes. The number of dead beetles in 6 days exposure and effect on the eating quality of the cooked rice was observed at the end of the treatment. For Sitophilus oryzae, the duration of exposure requires six days of treatment (15 minutes per day) to kill all 25 adults atr the highest temperature (80°C) while theones with the least resistance; Oryzaephilus surinamensis requires 60 minutes. By using an oven, it is recommended that 60°C to 80°C of temperatures in 15 minutes of exposure be adopted to ensure the effectiveness against all species in heat treatment. The eating quality of cooked rice in terms of the aroma, stickiness, taste, colour and overall acceptability was not affected from the multiple exposure (3 times) to the heat treatment. Findings from this study indicated heat treatment is a potential replacement for insecticides. However, it is recommended to use high temperature in range of 60°C to 80°C in a short time (within 15 minutes) of exposure. Thus, heat treatment can be used for commercial application rice mill producer to control stored product insects during storage phase and milling process. Universiti Teknologi Mara Cawangan Pulau Pinang 2019-06-30 Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/27147/1/AJ_NORMAZURA%20ISMAIL%20EAJ%20P%2019_5.pdf Ismail, Normazura and Hamid, Nur’Amira (2019) Effectiveness of different high temperatures to control stored-product beetles (different species) on stored rice grain / Normazura Ismail and Nur'Amira Hamid. ESTEEM Academic Journal, 15. pp. 56-63. ISSN 2289-4934
institution Universiti Teknologi Mara
building Tun Abdul Razak Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Mara
content_source UiTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.uitm.edu.my/
language English
topic Electric heating. Resistance heating
Control of production systems
Cereals and grain. Milling industry
spellingShingle Electric heating. Resistance heating
Control of production systems
Cereals and grain. Milling industry
Ismail, Normazura
Hamid, Nur’Amira
Effectiveness of different high temperatures to control stored-product beetles (different species) on stored rice grain / Normazura Ismail and Nur'Amira Hamid
description Heat treatment is being chosen to be an alternative to replace the use of methyl bromide. It involved raising and maintaining the temperature in the warehouse or storage of grain between 50°C to 60°C to control the stored product beetles. The duration may vary from 6 hours to 24 hours based on the types of storage, grains and its quantity. The need for alternatives is vital, considering the statutory limit (until the year 2015) for methyl bromide usage other than for phytosanitary purpose, and the likely widespread occurrence of insect resistance to both methyl bromide and phosphine. To note, these have been used in Malaysia for over half a century. Thus, the objective of this study focusses on testing the effectiveness of lethal temperature and duration in controlling the stored product beetles. High temperatures were used ( 30°C, 60°C, 70°C and 80°C) to decease the stored product beetles which are Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium casteneum, and Oryzaephilus surinamensis. By using an oven, milled rice with tested beetles were exposed to the heat treatment. Each day, the heat exposures were given for 15 minutes. The number of dead beetles in 6 days exposure and effect on the eating quality of the cooked rice was observed at the end of the treatment. For Sitophilus oryzae, the duration of exposure requires six days of treatment (15 minutes per day) to kill all 25 adults atr the highest temperature (80°C) while theones with the least resistance; Oryzaephilus surinamensis requires 60 minutes. By using an oven, it is recommended that 60°C to 80°C of temperatures in 15 minutes of exposure be adopted to ensure the effectiveness against all species in heat treatment. The eating quality of cooked rice in terms of the aroma, stickiness, taste, colour and overall acceptability was not affected from the multiple exposure (3 times) to the heat treatment. Findings from this study indicated heat treatment is a potential replacement for insecticides. However, it is recommended to use high temperature in range of 60°C to 80°C in a short time (within 15 minutes) of exposure. Thus, heat treatment can be used for commercial application rice mill producer to control stored product insects during storage phase and milling process.
format Article
author Ismail, Normazura
Hamid, Nur’Amira
author_facet Ismail, Normazura
Hamid, Nur’Amira
author_sort Ismail, Normazura
title Effectiveness of different high temperatures to control stored-product beetles (different species) on stored rice grain / Normazura Ismail and Nur'Amira Hamid
title_short Effectiveness of different high temperatures to control stored-product beetles (different species) on stored rice grain / Normazura Ismail and Nur'Amira Hamid
title_full Effectiveness of different high temperatures to control stored-product beetles (different species) on stored rice grain / Normazura Ismail and Nur'Amira Hamid
title_fullStr Effectiveness of different high temperatures to control stored-product beetles (different species) on stored rice grain / Normazura Ismail and Nur'Amira Hamid
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of different high temperatures to control stored-product beetles (different species) on stored rice grain / Normazura Ismail and Nur'Amira Hamid
title_sort effectiveness of different high temperatures to control stored-product beetles (different species) on stored rice grain / normazura ismail and nur'amira hamid
publisher Universiti Teknologi Mara Cawangan Pulau Pinang
publishDate 2019
url http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/27147/1/AJ_NORMAZURA%20ISMAIL%20EAJ%20P%2019_5.pdf
http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/27147/
_version_ 1685650231909154816
score 13.211869

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