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The effectiveness of ready mixed concrete / Norazman Shahabudin

Ready mixed concrete refers to concrete that is delivered to the customer in a freshly mixed and unhardened state. Due to its durability, low cost and its ability to be customized for different applications, ready-mixed concrete is one of the world’s most versatile and popular building materials. In...

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Main Author: Shahabudin, Norazman
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2005
Subjects:
Buildings: Construction with reference to use.Including public buildings, dwellings
Construction equipment in building
Online Access:https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/24193/2/24193.pdf
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spelling my.uitm.ir.241932024-05-16T07:55:32Z https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/24193/ The effectiveness of ready mixed concrete / Norazman Shahabudin Shahabudin, Norazman Buildings: Construction with reference to use.Including public buildings, dwellings Construction equipment in building Ready mixed concrete refers to concrete that is delivered to the customer in a freshly mixed and unhardened state. Due to its durability, low cost and its ability to be customized for different applications, ready-mixed concrete is one of the world’s most versatile and popular building materials. In its simplest form, concrete is a mixture of paste and aggregates (sand & aggregate). The paste, composed of cement and water, coats the surface of the fine (sand) and coarse aggregates (rocks) and binds them together into an aggregate -like mass known as concrete. Within this process lies the key to a remarkable trait of concrete: it’s plastic and can be molded or formed into any shape when newly mixed, strong and durable when hardened. These qualities explain why one material, concrete, can build skyscrapers, bridges, sidewalks, and superhighways, houses and dams. The key to achieving a strong, durable concrete rests on the careful proportioning and mixing of the ingredients. A concrete mixture that does not have enough paste to fill all the voids between the aggregates will be difficult to place and will produce rough, honeycombed surfaces and porous concrete. A mixture with an excess of cement paste will be easy to place and will produce a smooth surface; however, the resulting concrete will be more likely to crack and be uneconomical. A properly proportioned concrete mixture will possess the desired workability for the fresh concrete and the required durability and strength for the hardened concrete. Typically, a mixture is by volume about 10 to 15 percent cement, 60 to 75 percent aggregates and 15 to 20 percent water. Entrained air bubbles in many concrete mixtures may also take up another 5 to 8 percent. Portland cement’s chemistry comes to life in the presence of water. Cement and water form a paste that surrounds and binds each particle of sand and stone. Through a chemical reaction of cement and water called hydration, the paste hardens and gains strength. The character of concrete is determined by the quality of the paste. The strength of the paste, in turn, depends on the ratio of water to cement. The water-cement ratio is the weight of the mixing water divided by the weight of the cement. High-quality concrete is produced by lowering the water-cement ratio as much as possible without sacrificing the workability of fresh concrete. Generally, using less water produces a higher quality concrete provided the concrete is properly placed, consolidated and cured. Besides Portland cement, concrete may contain other cementations materials including fly ash, a waste byproduct from coal burning electric power plants; ground slag, a byproduct of iron and steel manufacturing; and silica fume, a waste byproduct from the manufacture of silicon or Ferro-silicon metal. Some of these cementations materials are similar to the volcanic ashes the Romans mixed with lime to obtain their cement binder. Some of these structures still exist today! The concrete industry uses these materials, which would normally have to be disposed in land-fill sites, to the advantage of concrete. The materials participate in the hydration reaction and significantly improve the strength, permeability and durability of concrete. 2005 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/24193/2/24193.pdf The effectiveness of ready mixed concrete / Norazman Shahabudin. (2005) Degree thesis, thesis, Universiti Teknologi MARA. <http://terminalib.uitm.edu.my/24193.pdf>
institution Universiti Teknologi Mara
building Tun Abdul Razak Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Mara
content_source UiTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.uitm.edu.my/
language English
topic Buildings: Construction with reference to use.Including public buildings, dwellings
Construction equipment in building
spellingShingle Buildings: Construction with reference to use.Including public buildings, dwellings
Construction equipment in building
Shahabudin, Norazman
The effectiveness of ready mixed concrete / Norazman Shahabudin
description Ready mixed concrete refers to concrete that is delivered to the customer in a freshly mixed and unhardened state. Due to its durability, low cost and its ability to be customized for different applications, ready-mixed concrete is one of the world’s most versatile and popular building materials. In its simplest form, concrete is a mixture of paste and aggregates (sand & aggregate). The paste, composed of cement and water, coats the surface of the fine (sand) and coarse aggregates (rocks) and binds them together into an aggregate -like mass known as concrete. Within this process lies the key to a remarkable trait of concrete: it’s plastic and can be molded or formed into any shape when newly mixed, strong and durable when hardened. These qualities explain why one material, concrete, can build skyscrapers, bridges, sidewalks, and superhighways, houses and dams. The key to achieving a strong, durable concrete rests on the careful proportioning and mixing of the ingredients. A concrete mixture that does not have enough paste to fill all the voids between the aggregates will be difficult to place and will produce rough, honeycombed surfaces and porous concrete. A mixture with an excess of cement paste will be easy to place and will produce a smooth surface; however, the resulting concrete will be more likely to crack and be uneconomical. A properly proportioned concrete mixture will possess the desired workability for the fresh concrete and the required durability and strength for the hardened concrete. Typically, a mixture is by volume about 10 to 15 percent cement, 60 to 75 percent aggregates and 15 to 20 percent water. Entrained air bubbles in many concrete mixtures may also take up another 5 to 8 percent. Portland cement’s chemistry comes to life in the presence of water. Cement and water form a paste that surrounds and binds each particle of sand and stone. Through a chemical reaction of cement and water called hydration, the paste hardens and gains strength. The character of concrete is determined by the quality of the paste. The strength of the paste, in turn, depends on the ratio of water to cement. The water-cement ratio is the weight of the mixing water divided by the weight of the cement. High-quality concrete is produced by lowering the water-cement ratio as much as possible without sacrificing the workability of fresh concrete. Generally, using less water produces a higher quality concrete provided the concrete is properly placed, consolidated and cured. Besides Portland cement, concrete may contain other cementations materials including fly ash, a waste byproduct from coal burning electric power plants; ground slag, a byproduct of iron and steel manufacturing; and silica fume, a waste byproduct from the manufacture of silicon or Ferro-silicon metal. Some of these cementations materials are similar to the volcanic ashes the Romans mixed with lime to obtain their cement binder. Some of these structures still exist today! The concrete industry uses these materials, which would normally have to be disposed in land-fill sites, to the advantage of concrete. The materials participate in the hydration reaction and significantly improve the strength, permeability and durability of concrete.
format Thesis
author Shahabudin, Norazman
author_facet Shahabudin, Norazman
author_sort Shahabudin, Norazman
title The effectiveness of ready mixed concrete / Norazman Shahabudin
title_short The effectiveness of ready mixed concrete / Norazman Shahabudin
title_full The effectiveness of ready mixed concrete / Norazman Shahabudin
title_fullStr The effectiveness of ready mixed concrete / Norazman Shahabudin
title_full_unstemmed The effectiveness of ready mixed concrete / Norazman Shahabudin
title_sort effectiveness of ready mixed concrete / norazman shahabudin
publishDate 2005
url https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/24193/2/24193.pdf
https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/24193/
_version_ 1800100534367027200
score 13.211869

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