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The effect of lead shielding thickness in Computed Tomography of the head : a phantom study / Farida Aimi Mustapha

CT of the head is the most requested examination in CT scan. However, the routine use of external shielding in CT imaging appears to be limited. It is because of concern that the application of external lead shielding may result in increased internal scatter and consequently lead to an increased do...

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Main Author: Mustapha, Farida Aimi
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2015
Subjects:
Examination. Diagnosis. Including radiography
Radiography
Radiographic magnification
Online Access:http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22282/1/TD_FARIDA%20AIMI%20MUSTAPHA%20HS%20B%2015_5.pdf
http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22282/
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spelling my.uitm.ir.222822018-12-26T06:20:14Z http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22282/ The effect of lead shielding thickness in Computed Tomography of the head : a phantom study / Farida Aimi Mustapha Mustapha, Farida Aimi Examination. Diagnosis. Including radiography Radiography Radiographic magnification CT of the head is the most requested examination in CT scan. However, the routine use of external shielding in CT imaging appears to be limited. It is because of concern that the application of external lead shielding may result in increased internal scatter and consequently lead to an increased dose to the radiosensitive organs (Palmer, 2008). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different thickness of lead shielding in computed tomography (CT) examination of the head. This research is an experimental study using an anthropomorphic Rando phantom to imitate the patient. Different thickness of thyroid shield was applied which are 0.0 mm Pb, 0.5 mm Pb, 1.0 mm Pb and 1.5 mm Pb to protect thyroid gland from scattered radiation. Four thermoluminescent detector (TLD) chips were placed at surface of thyroid gland and 1 cm depth within thyroid tissue upon slice 10 and slice 11 of phantom. The Rando phantom was placed on the Siemens Somatom Definition Flash Dual Source 128-slice CT scanner table and a CT head protocol was performed. Then TLDs were read to measure the surface dose and absorbed dose of thyroid gland using different thickness of lead shield. The data collected was analysed to measure the significant different radiation dose with various different thickness of lead shielding using statistical one way ANOVA. This study provides evidence that the effectiveness of lead shielding varied with their thickness respectively corresponding to thyroid dose due to scattered radiation. The highest dose reduction was achieved by 1.5 mm Pb thickness which is 57.48% at the surface, 55.77% at 1 cm depth within thyroid tissue, followed by 1.0mmPb result in 56.69% at surface, 50% at 1 cm depth. The lowest dose reduction was achieved with 0.5 mm Pb is 52.76% at surface, 41.35% at 1 cm depth within thyroid tissue. This research suggested the application of thyroid shielding gives advantage especially to the paediatric patient and patients that require repetition CT examination because long term illness. This research has proven that reducing radiation dose to the patient because of scattered radiation by increasing the thickness of lead shielding can further decrase dose to radiosensitive organ outside the scanning area. As a result, the risks of inducing cancer will also be decreased. 2015 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22282/1/TD_FARIDA%20AIMI%20MUSTAPHA%20HS%20B%2015_5.pdf Mustapha, Farida Aimi (2015) The effect of lead shielding thickness in Computed Tomography of the head : a phantom study / Farida Aimi Mustapha. Degree thesis, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus.
institution Universiti Teknologi Mara
building Tun Abdul Razak Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Mara
content_source UiTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.uitm.edu.my/
language English
topic Examination. Diagnosis. Including radiography
Radiography
Radiographic magnification
spellingShingle Examination. Diagnosis. Including radiography
Radiography
Radiographic magnification
Mustapha, Farida Aimi
The effect of lead shielding thickness in Computed Tomography of the head : a phantom study / Farida Aimi Mustapha
description CT of the head is the most requested examination in CT scan. However, the routine use of external shielding in CT imaging appears to be limited. It is because of concern that the application of external lead shielding may result in increased internal scatter and consequently lead to an increased dose to the radiosensitive organs (Palmer, 2008). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different thickness of lead shielding in computed tomography (CT) examination of the head. This research is an experimental study using an anthropomorphic Rando phantom to imitate the patient. Different thickness of thyroid shield was applied which are 0.0 mm Pb, 0.5 mm Pb, 1.0 mm Pb and 1.5 mm Pb to protect thyroid gland from scattered radiation. Four thermoluminescent detector (TLD) chips were placed at surface of thyroid gland and 1 cm depth within thyroid tissue upon slice 10 and slice 11 of phantom. The Rando phantom was placed on the Siemens Somatom Definition Flash Dual Source 128-slice CT scanner table and a CT head protocol was performed. Then TLDs were read to measure the surface dose and absorbed dose of thyroid gland using different thickness of lead shield. The data collected was analysed to measure the significant different radiation dose with various different thickness of lead shielding using statistical one way ANOVA. This study provides evidence that the effectiveness of lead shielding varied with their thickness respectively corresponding to thyroid dose due to scattered radiation. The highest dose reduction was achieved by 1.5 mm Pb thickness which is 57.48% at the surface, 55.77% at 1 cm depth within thyroid tissue, followed by 1.0mmPb result in 56.69% at surface, 50% at 1 cm depth. The lowest dose reduction was achieved with 0.5 mm Pb is 52.76% at surface, 41.35% at 1 cm depth within thyroid tissue. This research suggested the application of thyroid shielding gives advantage especially to the paediatric patient and patients that require repetition CT examination because long term illness. This research has proven that reducing radiation dose to the patient because of scattered radiation by increasing the thickness of lead shielding can further decrase dose to radiosensitive organ outside the scanning area. As a result, the risks of inducing cancer will also be decreased.
format Thesis
author Mustapha, Farida Aimi
author_facet Mustapha, Farida Aimi
author_sort Mustapha, Farida Aimi
title The effect of lead shielding thickness in Computed Tomography of the head : a phantom study / Farida Aimi Mustapha
title_short The effect of lead shielding thickness in Computed Tomography of the head : a phantom study / Farida Aimi Mustapha
title_full The effect of lead shielding thickness in Computed Tomography of the head : a phantom study / Farida Aimi Mustapha
title_fullStr The effect of lead shielding thickness in Computed Tomography of the head : a phantom study / Farida Aimi Mustapha
title_full_unstemmed The effect of lead shielding thickness in Computed Tomography of the head : a phantom study / Farida Aimi Mustapha
title_sort effect of lead shielding thickness in computed tomography of the head : a phantom study / farida aimi mustapha
publishDate 2015
url http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22282/1/TD_FARIDA%20AIMI%20MUSTAPHA%20HS%20B%2015_5.pdf
http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22282/
_version_ 1685649582424326144
score 13.211869

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